Carbon oxidation state as a metric for describing the chemistry of atmospheric organic aerosol (original) (raw)

• Kanakidou, M. et al. Organic aerosol and global climate modelling: a review. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 5, 1053–1123 (2005).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Zhang, Q. et al. Ubiquity and dominance of oxygenated species in organic aerosols in anthropogenically-influenced Northern Hemisphere midlatitudes. Geophys. Res. Lett. 34, L13801 (2007).
  Google Scholar
• Kroll, J. H. & Seinfeld, J. H. Chemistry of secondary organic aerosol: formation and evolution of low-volatility organics in the atmosphere. Atmos. Environ. 42, 3593–3624 (2008).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Logan, J. A., Prather, M. J., Wofsy, S. C. & McElroy, M. B. Tropospheric chemistry—a global perspective. J. Geophys. Res. Oceans Atmos. 86, 7210–7254 (1981).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Masiello, C. A., Gallagher, M. E., Randerson, J. T., Deco, R. M. & Chadwick, O. A. Evaluating two experimental approaches for measuring ecosystem carbon oxidation state and oxidative ratio. J. Geophys. Res. Biogeosci. 113, G03010 (2008).
  Article Google Scholar
• McDermitt, D. K. & Loomis, R. Elemental composition of biomass and its relation to energy content, growth efficiency, and growth-yield. Ann. Bot. 48, 275–290 (1981).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Vogel, F., Harf, J., Hug, A. & von Rohr, P. R. The mean oxidation number of carbon (MOC)—a useful concept for describing oxidation processes. Water Res. 34, 2689–2702 (2000).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Jacob, D. J. Introduction to Atmospheric Chemistry (Princeton Univ. Press, 1999).
• Seinfeld, J. H., Erdakos, G. B., Asher, W. E. & Pankow, J. F. Modeling the formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA). 2. The predicted effects of relative humidity on aerosol formation in the α-pinene-, β-pinene-, sabinene-, Δ3-carene-, and cyclohexene-ozone systems. Environ. Sci. Technol. 35, 1806–1817 (2001).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Pankow, J. F. & Barsanti, K. C. The carbon number-polarity grid: a means to manage the complexity of the mix of organic compounds when modeling atmospheric organic particulate matter. Atmos. Environ. 43, 2829–2835 (2009).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Jimenez, J. L. et al. Evolution of organic aerosols in the atmosphere. Science 326, 1525–1529 (2009).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Heald, C. L. et al. A simplified description of the evolution of organic aerosol composition in the atmosphere. Geophys. Res. Lett. 37, L08803 (2010).
  Google Scholar
• Carlton, A. G. et al. Atmospheric oxalic acid and SOA production from glyoxal: results of aqueous photooxidation experiments. Atmos. Environ. 41, 2588–7602 (2007).
  Article Google Scholar
• Nguyen, T. B. et al. High-resolution mass spectrometry analysis of secondary organic aerosol generated by ozonolysis of isoprene. Atmos. Environ. 44, 1032–1042 (2010).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• O'Brien, R. J., Holmes, J. R. & Bockian, A. H. Formation of photochemical aerosol from hydrocarbons—chemical reactivity and products. Environ. Sci. Technol. 9, 568–576 (1975).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Krivacsy, Z. et al. Study on the chemical character of water soluble organic compounds in fine atmospheric aerosol at the Jungfraujoch. J. Atmos. Chem. 39, 235–259 (2001).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Kiss, G., Varga, B., Galambos, I. & Ganszky, I. Characterization of water-soluble organic matter isolated from atmospheric fine aerosol. J. Geophys Res. Atmos. 107, 8339 (2002).
  Article Google Scholar
• Altieri, K. E., Turpin, B. J. & Seitzinger, S. P. Oligomers, organosulfates, and nitrooxy organosulfates in rainwater identified by ultra-high resolution electrospray ionization FT-ICR mass spectrometry. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 9, 2533–2542 (2009).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Bateman, A. P., Nizkorodov, S. A., Laskin, J. & Laskin, A. Time-resolved molecular characterization of limonene/ozone aerosol using high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 11, 7931–7942 (2009).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Wozniak, A. S., Bauer, J. E., Sleighter, R. L., Dickhut, R. M. & Hatcher, P. G. Technical note: molecular characterization of aerosol-derived water soluble organic carbon using ultrahigh resolution electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 8, 5099–5111 (2008).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Mazzoleni, L. R., Ehrmann, B. M., Shen, X. H., Marshall, A. G. & Collett, J. L. Water-soluble atmospheric organic matter in fog: exact masses and chemical formula identification by ultrahigh-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. Environ. Sci. Technol. 44, 3690–3697 (2010).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Fuzzi, S. et al. A simplified model of the water soluble organic component of atmospheric aerosols. Geophys. Res. Lett. 28, 4079–4082 (2001).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Gilardoni, S. et al. Characterization of organic ambient aerosol during MIRAGE 2006 on three platforms. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 9, 5417–5432 (2009).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Aiken, A. C. et al. O/C and OM/OC ratios of primary, secondary, and ambient organic aerosols with high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometry. Environ. Sci. Technol. 42, 4478–4485 (2008).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Shilling, J. E. et al. Loading-dependent elemental composition of alpha-pinene SOA particles. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 9, 771–782 (2009).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Presto, A. A. et al. Intermediate-volatility organic compounds: a potential source of ambient oxidized organic aerosol. Environ. Sci. Technol. 43, 4744–4749 (2009).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Chhabra, P., Flagan, R. C. & Seinfeld, J. H. Elemental analysis of chamber organic aerosol using the aerodyne high resolution mass spectrometer. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 10, 4111–4131 (2010).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Sun, Y. et al. Size-resolved aerosol chemistry on Whistler Mountain, Canada with a high-resolution aerosol mass spectrometer during INTEX-B. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 9, 3095–3111 (2009).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Chen, Q. et al. Mass spectral characterization of submicron biogenic organic particles in the Amazon Basin. Geophys. Res. Lett. 36, L20806 (2009).
  Article Google Scholar
• Donahue, N. M., Epstein, S. A., Pandis, S. N. & Robinson, A. L. A two-dimensional volatility basis set: 1. organic-aerosol mixing thermodynamics. Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss. 10, 24091–24133 (2010).
  Article Google Scholar
• Goldstein, A. H. & Galbally, I. E. Known and unexplored organic constituents in the Earth's atmosphere. Environ. Sci. Technol. 41, 1514–1521 (2007).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Atkinson, R. Rate constants for the atmospheric reactions of alkoxy radicals: an updated estimation method. Atmos. Environ. 41, 8468–8485 (2007).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Lambe, A. T., Miracolo, M. A., Hennigan, C. J., Robinson, A. L. & Donahue, N. M. Effective rate constants and uptake coefficients for the reactions of organic molecular markers (n-alkanes, hopanes, and steranes) in motor oil and diesel primary organic aerosols with hydroxyl radicals. Environ. Sci. Technol. 43, 8794–8800 (2009).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• MacCarthy, P. The principles of humic substances. Soil Sci. 166, 738–751 (2001).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Reemtsma, T., These, A., Springer, A. & Linscheid, M. Fulvic acids as transition state of organic matter: indications from high resolution mass spectrometry. Environ. Sci. Technol. 40, 5839–5845 (2006).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Graber, E. R. & Rudich, Y. Atmospheric HULIS: how humic-like are they? A comprehensive and critical review. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 6, 729–753 (2006).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Trainer, M. G. et al. Organic haze on Titan and the early Earth. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 103, 18035–18042 (2006).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Kroll, J. H. et al. Measurement of fragmentation and functionalization pathways in the heterogeneous oxidation of oxidized organic aerosol. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 11, 8005–8014 (2009).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Kessler, S. H. et al. Chemical sinks of organic aerosol: kinetics and products of the heterogeneous oxidation of erythritol and levoglucosan. Environ. Sci. Technol. 44, 7005–7010 (2010).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Pankow, J. & Asher, W. SIMPOL.1: a simple group contribution method for predicting vapor pressures and enthalpies of vaporization of multifunctional organic compounds. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 8, 2773–2796 (2008).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Cappa, C. D. & Jimenez, J. L. Quantitative estimates of the volatility of ambient organic aerosol. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 10, 5409–5424 (2010).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Aschmann, S. M., Atkinson, R. & Arey, J. Products of reaction of OH radicals with α-pinene. J. Geophys Res. Atmos. 107, 4191 (2002).
• Edney, E. O. et al. Polar organic oxygenates in PM2.5 at a southeastern site in the United States. Atmos. Environ. 37, 3947–3965 (2003).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Surratt, J. D. et al. Chemical composition of secondary organic aerosol formed from the photooxidation of isoprene. J. Phys. Chem. A 110, 9665–9690 (2006).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Kleindienst, T. E. et al. Estimates of the contributions of biogenic and anthropogenic hydrocarbons to secondary organic aerosol at a southeastern U.S. location. Atmos. Environ. 41, 8288–8300 (2007).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Szmigielski, R. et al. 3-Methyl-1,2,3-butanetricarboxylic acid: an atmospheric tracer for terpene secondary organic aerosol. Geophys. Res. Lett. 34, L24811 (2007).
  Article Google Scholar
• Paulot, F. et al. Isoprene photooxidation: new insights into the production of acids and organic nitrates. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 9, 1479–1501 (2009).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Claeys, M. et al. Terpenylic acid and related compounds from the oxidation of α-pinene: implications for new particle formation and growth above forests. Environ. Sci. Technol. 43, 6976–6982 (2009).
  Article CAS Google Scholar