Follicular regulatory T cells expressing Foxp3 and Bcl-6 suppress germinal center reactions (original) (raw)

• Fontenot, J.D., Gavin, M.A. & Rudensky, A.Y. Foxp3 programs the development and function of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells. Nat. Immunol. 4, 330–336 (2003).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Hori, S., Nomura, T. & Sakaguchi, S. Control of regulatory T cell development by the transcription factor Foxp3. Science 299, 1057–1061 (2003).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Chaudhry, A. et al. CD4+ regulatory T cells control TH17 responses in a Stat3-dependent manner. Science 326, 986–991 (2009).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Zheng, Y. et al. Regulatory T-cell suppressor program co-opts transcription factor IRF4 to control TH2 responses. Nature 458, 351–356 (2009).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Koch, M.A. et al. The transcription factor T-bet controls regulatory T cell homeostasis and function during type 1 inflammation. Nat. Immunol. 10, 595–602 (2009).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Lohoff, M. et al. Dysregulated T helper cell differentiation in the absence of interferon regulatory factor 4. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 99, 11808–11812 (2002).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Rengarajan, J. et al. Interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) interacts with NFATc2 to modulate interleukin 4 gene expression. J. Exp. Med. 195, 100–1012 (2002).
  Article Google Scholar
• Szabo, S.J. et al. A novel transcription factor, T-bet, directs TH1 lineage commitment. Cell 100, 655–669 (2000).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Yang, X.O. et al. STAT3 regulates cytokine-mediated generation of inflammatory helper T cells. J. Biol. Chem. 282, 9358–9363 (2007).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Nurieva, R.I. et al. Generation of T follicular helper cells is mediated by interleukin-21 but independent of T helper 1, 2 or 17 cell lineages. Immunity 29, 138–149 (2008).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Vogelzang, A. et al. A fundamental role for interleukin-21 in the generation of T follicular helper cells. Immunity 29, 127–137 (2008).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Johnston, R.J. et al. Bcl-6 and Blimp-1 are reciprocal and antagonistic regulators of T follicular helper cell differentiation. Science 325, 1006–1010 (2009).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Nurieva, R.I. et al. Bcl-6 mediates the development of T follicular helper cells. Science 325, 1001–1005 (2009).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Yu, D. et al. The transcriptional repressor Bcl-6 directs T follicular helper cell lineage commitment. Immunity 31, 457–468 (2009).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Kim, C.H. et al. Subspecialization of CXCR5+ T cells: B helper activity is focused in a germinal center-localized subset of CXCR5+ T cells. J. Exp. Med. 193, 137–1381 (2001).
  Article Google Scholar
• Schaerli, P. et al. CXC chemokine receptor 5 expression defines follicular homing T cells with B cell helper function. J. Exp. Med. 192, 1553–1562 (2000).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Breitfeld, D. et al. Follicular B helper T cells express CXC chemokine receptor 5, localize to B cell follicles and support immunoglobulin production. J. Exp. Med. 192, 1545–1552 (2000).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• King, C. New insights into the differentiation and function of T follicular helper cells. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 9, 757–766 (2009).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Lim, H.W., Hillsamer, P. & Kim, C.H. Regulatory T cells can migrate to follicles upon T cell activation and suppress GC-Th cells and GC-Th cell–driven B cell responses. J. Clin. Invest. 114, 1640–1649 (2004).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Kim, H.J., Verbinnen, B., Tang, X., Lu, L. & Cantor, H. Inhibition of follicular T-helper cells by CD8+ regulatory T cells is essential for self tolerance. Nature 467, 328–332 (2010).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Ochs, H.D., Ziegler, S.F. & Torgerson, T.R. FOXP3 acts as a rheostat of the immune response. Immunol. Rev. 203, 156–164 (2005).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Cretney, E. et al. The transcription factors Blimp-1 and IRF4 jointly control the differentiation and function of effector regulatory T cells. Nat. Immunol. 12, 304–311 (2011).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Sugimoto, N. et al. Foxp3-dependent and -independent molecules specific for CD25+CD4+ natural regulatory T cells revealed by DNA microarray analysis. Int. Immunol. 18, 1197–1209 (2006).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Thornton, A.M. et al. Expression of Helios, an Ikaros transcription factor family member, differentiates thymic-derived from peripherally induced Foxp3+ T regulatory cells. J. Immunol. 184, 3433–3441 (2010).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Reinhardt, R.L., Liang, H.E. & Locksley, R.M. Cytokine-secreting follicular T cells shape the antibody repertoire. Nat. Immunol. 10, 385–393 (2009).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Doreau, A. et al. Interleukin 17 acts in synergy with B cell–activating factor to influence B cell biology and the pathophysiology of systemic lupus erythematosus. Nat. Immunol. 10, 778–785 (2009).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Mitsdoerffer, M. et al. Proinflammatory T helper type 17 cells are effective B-cell helpers. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 107, 14292–14297 (2010).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Hsu, H.C. et al. Interleukin 17–producing T helper cells and interleukin 17 orchestrate autoreactive germinal center development in autoimmune BXD2 mice. Nat. Immunol. 9, 166–175 (2008).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Ise, W. et al. The transcription factor BATF controls the global regulators of class-switch recombination in both B cells and T cells. Nat. Immunol. 12, 536–543 (2011).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Bauquet, A.T. et al. The costimulatory molecule ICOS regulates the expression of c-Maf and IL-21 in the development of follicular T helper cells and TH-17 cells. Nat. Immunol. 10, 167–175 (2009).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Tsuji, M. et al. Preferential generation of follicular B helper T cells from Foxp3+ T cells in gut Peyer's patches. Science 323, 1488–1492 (2009).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Rubtsov, Y.P. et al. Stability of the regulatory T cell lineage in vivo. Science 329, 1667–1671 (2010).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Vinuesa, C.G., Sanz, I. & Cook, M.C. Dysregulation of germinal centres in autoimmune disease. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 9, 845–857 (2009).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Yanaba, K. et al. B-lymphocyte contributions to human autoimmune disease. Immunol. Rev. 223, 284–299 (2008).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Ye, B.H. et al. The BCL-6 proto-oncogene controls germinal-centre formation and Th2-type inflammation. Nat. Genet. 16, 161–170 (1997).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Ono, M., Shimizu, J., Miyachi, Y. & Sakaguchi, S. Control of autoimmune myocarditis and multiorgan inflammation by glucocorticoid-induced TNF receptor family-related protein(high), Foxp3-expressing CD25+ and CD25− regulatory T cells. J. Immunol. 176, 4748–4756 (2006).
  Article CAS Google Scholar