- Bachtell R, Hutchinson MR, Wang X, Rice KC, Maier SF, Watkins LR (2015). Targeting the Toll of drug abuse: the translational potential of toll-like receptor 4. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets 14: 692–699.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
- Basbaum AI, Fields HL (1978). Endogenous pain control mechanisms: review and hypothesis. Ann Neurol 4: 451–462.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
- DeLeo JA, Tanga FY, Tawfik VL (2004). Neuroimmune activation and neuroinflammation in chronic pain and opioid tolerance/hyperalgesia. Neuroscientist 10: 40–52.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
- Dowell D, Haegerich TM, Chou R (2016). CDC Guideline for Prescribing Opioids for Chronic Pain—United States, 2016. MMWR Recomm Rep 65: 1–49.
Article PubMed Google Scholar
- Eidson LN, Murphy AZ (2013). Blockade of Toll-like receptor 4 attenuates morphine tolerance and facilitates the pain relieving properties of morphine. J Neurosci 33: 15952–15963.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
- Fine SM, Angel RA, Perry SW, Epstein LG, Rothstein JD, Dewhurst S et al (1996). Tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibits glutamate uptake by primary human astrocytes. Implications for pathogenesis of HIV-1 dementia. J Biol Chem 271: 15303–15306.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
- Gulur P, Williams L, Chaudhary S, Koury K, Jaff M (2014). Opioid tolerance—a predictor of increased length of stay and higher readmission rates. Pain Physician 17: E503–E507.
PubMed Google Scholar
- Hargreaves K, Dubner R, Brown F, Flores C, Joris J (1988). A new and sensitive method for measuring thermal nociception in cutaneous hyperalgesia. Pain 32: 77–88.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
- Heo YJ, Oh HJ, Jung YO, Cho ML, Lee SY, Yu JG et al (2011). The expression of the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) in RA-FLS is induced by IL-17 via Act-1. Arthritis Res Ther 13: R113.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
- Hutchinson MR, Bland ST, Johnson KW, Rice KC, Maier SF, Watkins LR (2007). Opioid-induced glial activation: mechanisms of activation and implications for opioid analgesia, dependence, and reward. ScientificWorld J 7: 98–111.
Article Google Scholar
- Hutchinson MR, Coats BD, Lewis SS, Zhang Y, Sprunger DB, Rezvani N et al (2008). Proinflammatory cytokines oppose opioid-induced acute and chronic analgesia. Brain Behav Immun 22: 1178–1189.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
- Inoue K, Terashima T, Nishikawa T, Takumi T (2004). Fez1 is layer-specifically expressed in the adult mouse neocortex. Eur J Neurosci 20: 2909–2916.
Article PubMed Google Scholar
- Kanai Y, Smith CP, Hediger MA (1993). The elusive transporters with a high affinity for glutamate. Trends Neurosci 16: 365–370.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
- Kosek E, Altawil R, Kadetoff D, Finn A, Westman M, Le Maitre E et al (2015). Evidence of different mediators of central inflammation in dysfunctional and inflammatory pain—interleukin-8 in fibromyalgia and interleukin-1 beta in rheumatoid arthritis. J Neuroimmunol 280: 49–55.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
- Kriegler M, Perez C, DeFay K, Albert I, Lu SD (1988). A novel form of TNF/cachectin is a cell surface cytotoxic transmembrane protein: ramifications for the complex physiology of TNF. Cell 53: 45–53.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
- Lau BK, Vaughan CW (2014). Descending modulation of pain: the GABA disinhibition hypothesis of analgesia. Curr Opin Neurobiol 29C: 159–164.
Article Google Scholar
- Loyd DR, Morgan MM, Murphy AZ (2008). Sexually dimorphic activation of the periaqueductal gray-rostral ventromedial medullary circuit during the development of tolerance to morphine in the rat. Eur J Neurosci 27: 1517–1524.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
- Marchetti L, Klein M, Schlett K, Pfizenmaier K, Eisel UL (2004). Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-mediated neuroprotection against glutamate-induced excitotoxicity is enhanced by N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activation. Essential role of a TNF receptor 2-mediated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-dependent NF-kappa B pathway. J Biol Chem 279: 32869–32881.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
- McCoy MK, Ruhn KA, Martinez TN, McAlpine FE, Blesch A, Tansey MG (2008). Intranigral lentiviral delivery of dominant-negative TNF attenuates neurodegeneration and behavioral deficits in hemiparkinsonian rats. Mol Ther 16: 1572–1579.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
- McLemore GL, Kest B, Inturrisi CE (1997). The effects of LY293558, an AMPA receptor antagonist, on acute and chronic morphine dependence. Brain Res 778: 120–126.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
- Nakagawa T, Ozawa T, Shige K, Yamamoto R, Minami M, Satoh M (2001). Inhibition of morphine tolerance and dependence by MS-153, a glutamate transporter activator. Eur J Pharmacol 419: 39–45.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
- Ogoshi F, Yin HZ, Kuppumbatti Y, Song B, Amindari S, Weiss JH (2005). Tumor necrosis-factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) induces rapid insertion of Ca2+-permeable alpha-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionate (AMPA)/kainate (Ca-A/K) channels in a subset of hippocampal pyramidal neurons. Exp Neurol 193: 384–393.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
- Pasternak GW, Pan YX (2013). Mu opioids and their receptors: evolution of a concept. Pharmacol Rev 65: 1257–1317.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
- Peterson PK, Molitor TW, Chao CC (1998). The opioid-cytokine connection. J Neuroimmunol 83: 63–69.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
- Raghavendra V, Rutkowski MD, DeLeo JA (2002). The role of spinal neuroimmune activation in morphine tolerance/hyperalgesia in neuropathic and sham-operated rats. J Neurosci 22: 9980–9989.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
- Rothstein JD, Dykes-Hoberg M, Pardo CA, Bristol LA, Jin L, Kuncl RW et al (1996). Knockout of glutamate transporters reveals a major role for astroglial transport in excitotoxicity and clearance of glutamate. Neuron 16: 675–686.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
- Seror R, Richez C, Sordet C, Rist S, Gossec L, Direz G et al (2013). Pattern of demyelination occurring during anti-TNF-alpha therapy: a French national survey. Rheumatology (Oxford) 52: 868–874.
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Shen CH, Tsai RY, Shih MS, Lin SL, Tai YH, Chien CC et al (2011a). Etanercept restores the antinociceptive effect of morphine and suppresses spinal neuroinflammation in morphine-tolerant rats. Anesth Analg 112: 454–459.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
- Shen CH, Tsai RY, Tai YH, Lin SL, Chien CC, Wong CS (2011b). Intrathecal etanercept partially restores morphine's antinociception in morphine-tolerant rats via attenuation of the glutamatergic transmission. Anesth Analg 113: 184–190.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
- Steed PM, Tansey MG, Zalevsky J, Zhukovsky EA, Desjarlais JR, Szymkowski DE et al (2003). Inactivation of TNF signaling by rationally designed dominant-negative TNF variants. Science 301: 1895–1898.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
- Stellwagen D, Beattie EC, Seo JY, Malenka RC (2005). Differential regulation of AMPA receptor and GABA receptor trafficking by tumor necrosis factor-alpha. J Neurosci 25: 3219–3228.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
- Sun J, Liu S, Mata M, Fink DJ, Hao S (2012). Transgene-mediated expression of tumor necrosis factor soluble receptor attenuates morphine tolerance in rats. Gene Therapy 19: 101–108.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
- Tai YH, Wang YH, Wang JJ, Tao PL, Tung CS, Wong CS (2006). Amitriptyline suppresses neuroinflammation and up-regulates glutamate transporters in morphine-tolerant rats. Pain 124: 77–86.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
- Trujillo KA, Akil H (1991). Inhibition of morphine tolerance and dependence by the NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801. Science 251: 85–87.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
- Vaughan CW, Ingram SL, Connor MA, Christie MJ (1997). How opioids inhibit GABA-mediated neurotransmission. Nature 390: 611–614.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
- von Maltzan K, Tan W, Pruett SB (2012). Investigation of the role of TNF-alpha converting enzyme (TACE) in the inhibition of cell surface and soluble TNF-alpha production by acute ethanol exposure. PLoS One 7: e29890.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
- Wang X, Loram LC, Ramos K, de Jesus AJ, Thomas J, Cheng K et al (2012). Morphine activates neuroinflammation in a manner parallel to endotoxin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 109: 6325–6330.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
- Watkins LR, Hutchinson MR, Johnston IN, Maier SF (2005). Glia: novel counter-regulators of opioid analgesia. Trends Neurosci 28: 661–669.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
- Wong CS, Chang YC, Yeh CC, Huang GS, Cherng CH (2002). Loss of intrathecal morphine analgesia in terminal cancer patients is associated with high levels of excitatory amino acids in the CSF. Can J Anaesth 49: 561–565.
Article PubMed Google Scholar
- Zalevsky J, Secher T, Ezhevsky SA, Janot L, Steed PM, O'Brien C et al (2007). Dominant-negative inhibitors of soluble TNF attenuate experimental arthritis without suppressing innate immunity to infection. J Immunol 179: 1872–1883.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar