Plasma Levels of Bacterial DNA Correlate with Immune Activation and the Magnitude of Immune Restoration in Persons with Antiretroviral-Treated HIV Infection (original) (raw)

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1Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio;

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1Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio;

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5University of San Francisco, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California

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1Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio;

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1Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio;

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1Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio;

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2Rush Medical School, Chicago, Illinois;

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5University of San Francisco, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California

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5University of San Francisco, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California

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3Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, and

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03 November 2008

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Wei Jiang, Michael M. Lederman, Peter Hunt, Scott F. Sieg, Kathryn Haley, Benigno Rodriguez, Alan Landay, Jeffrey Martin, Elizabeth Sinclair, Ava I. Asher, Steven G. Deeks, Daniel C. Douek, Jason M. Brenchley, Plasma Levels of Bacterial DNA Correlate with Immune Activation and the Magnitude of Immune Restoration in Persons with Antiretroviral-Treated HIV Infection, The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 199, Issue 8, 15 April 2009, Pages 1177–1185, https://doi.org/10.1086/597476
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Abstract

The significance of elevated plasma levels of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in persons with chronic HIV infection remains undefined. We measured LPS levels by use of limulus lysate assay, and DNA sequences encoding bacterial ribosomal 16S RNA (16S rDNA) were assessed by quantitative polymerase chain reactions in plasma samples obtained from 242 donors. Plasma levels of 16S rDNA were significantly higher in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–infected subjects than in uninfected subjects, and they correlated with LPS levels. Higher levels of 16S rDNA were associated with higher levels of T cell activation and with lower levels of CD4 T cell restoration during antiretroviral therapy. Antiretroviral therapy reduces but does not fully normalize plasma levels of bacterial 16S rDNA, an index of microbial translocation from the gastrointestinal tract. High levels of 16S rDNA during therapy are strongly associated with reduced increases in the CD4+ T lymphocyte count, irrespective of plasma HIV RNA levels. These findings are consistent with the importance of microbial translocation in immunodeficiency and T cell homeostasis in chronic HIV infection

© 2009 by the Infectious Diseases Society of America

Topic:

• hiv
• dna, bacterial
• dna, ribosomal
• plasma
• t-lymphocytes
• translocation (genetics)
• hiv, chronic infection with
• blood hiv rna
• hiv infections
• t-cell activation
• anti-retroviral agents

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