Brain systems for encoding and retrieval of auditory—verbal memory. An in vivo study in humans (original) (raw)

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1

MRC Cyclotron Unit, Hammersmith Hospital

London, UK

3

Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine

London, UK

Correspondence to: Paul Fletcher, MRC Cyclotron Unit, Hammersmith Hospital, Ducane Road, London W12 OHS, UK

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MRC Cyclotron Unit, Hammersmith Hospital

London, UK

2

Psychology Department, University College of London

London, UK

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MRC Cyclotron Unit, Hammersmith Hospital

London, UK

3

Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine

London, UK

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National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery

London, UK

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Psychology Department, University College of London

London, UK

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MRC Cyclotron Unit, Hammersmith Hospital

London, UK

4

National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery

London, UK

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MRC Cyclotron Unit, Hammersmith Hospital

London, UK

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Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine

London, UK

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National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery

London, UK

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Revision received:

03 October 1994

Accepted:

14 November 1994

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P. C. Fletcher, C. D. Frith, P. M. Grasby, T. Shallice, R. S. J. Frackowiak, R. J. Dolan, Brain systems for encoding and retrieval of auditory—verbal memory. An in vivo study in humans, Brain, Volume 118, Issue 2, April 1995, Pages 401–416, https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/118.2.401
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Abstract

Long-term auditory—verbal memory comprises, at a neuropsycho logical level, a number of distinct cognitive processes. In the present study we determined the brain systems engaged during encoding (experiment I) and retrieval (experiment 2) of episodic auditory-verbal material. In the separate experiments, PET measurements of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), an index of neural activity, were performed in normal volunteers during either the encoding or the retrieval of paired word associates. In experiment I, a dual task interference paradigm was used to isolate areas involved in episodic encoding from those which would be concurrently activated by other cognitive processes associated with the presentation of paired associates, notably priming. In experiment 2, we used the cued retrieval of paired associates from episodic or from semantic memory in order to isolate the neural correlates of episodic memories. Encoding of episodic memory was associated with activation of the left prefrontal cortex and the retrosplenial area of the cingulate cortex, while retrieval from episodic memory was associated with activation of the precuneus bilaterally and of the right prefrontal cortex. These results are compatible with the patterns of activation reported in a previous PET memory experiment in which encoding and retrieval were studied concurrently. They also indicate that separate brain systems are engaged during the encoding and retrieval phases of episodic auditory—verbal memory. Retrieval from episodic memory engages a different, but overlapping, system to that engaged by retrieval from semantic memory, a finding that lends functional anatomical support to this neuro-psychological distinction.

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Topic:

• cerebral blood flow
• mental processes
• prefrontal cortex
• brain
• memory
• episodic memory
• semantic memory
• precuneus
• cingulate cortex

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