A Missed Opportunity for U.S. Perinatal Human... : Obstetrics & Gynecology (original) (raw)

Contents: Infectious Disease: Original Research

A Missed Opportunity for U.S. Perinatal Human Immunodeficiency Virus Elimination

Pre-exposure Prophylaxis During Pregnancy

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.

Corresponding author: Jenell S. Coleman, MD, MPH, 600 N Wolfe Street, Phipps Room 249B, Baltimore, MD 21287; email: [email protected].

Financial Disclosure The authors did not report any potential conflicts of interest.

The authors thank Amy Lee, DNP, Wahab Bell, CNM, and Lynn McDonald, DNP, for their assistance with data collection.

Each author has indicated that he or she has met the journal's requirements for authorship.

OBJECTIVE:

To estimate the proportion of women at increased risk of sexual human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition during pregnancy in a high HIV incidence urban setting to identify those who may be eligible for pre-exposure prophylaxis.

METHODS:

We conducted a retrospective cohort study of women who received prenatal care at a large academic center in 2012. Univariable analyses and multiple logistic regression models were built to identify correlates for pre-exposure prophylaxis eligibility.

RESULTS:

Among 1,637 pregnant women, mean age was 27.6 years (SD 6.3), 59.7% were African American, and 56.0% were single. Based on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's guidelines, more than 10% of women were at increased risk for HIV acquisition during pregnancy and eligible for pre-exposure prophylaxis. Younger [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 0.9/1-year increase, 95% CI 0.8–0.9], single (adjusted OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.2–4.8), African American women (adjusted OR 3.3, 95% CI 1.6–6.7) with higher parity (adjusted OR 1.3/one-child increase, 95% CI 1.1–1.5), and who smoked regularly during pregnancy (adjusted OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.0–3.0) had greater odds of being eligible for pre-exposure prophylaxis at any time during pregnancy.

CONCLUSIONS:

Pregnancy is a vulnerable period during which some heterosexual women in urban settings have a high risk for HIV acquisition and stand to benefit from pre-exposure prophylaxis.