Autophosphorylation of the DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit is required for rejoining of DNA double-strand breaks (original) (raw)
- Doug W. Chan1,2,5,
- Benjamin Ping-Chi Chen1,5,
- Sheela Prithivirajsingh3,
- Akihiro Kurimasa1,4,
- Michael D. Story3,
- Jun Qin2, and
- David J. Chen1,6
- 1Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA; 2Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA; 3Department of Experimental Radiotherapy, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
Abstract
Nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) is the predominant pathway that repairs DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) in mammalian cells. The DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), consisting of Ku and DNA-PK catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs), is activated by DNA in vitro and is required for NHEJ. We report that DNA-PKcs is autophosphorylated at Thr2609 in vivo in a Ku-dependent manner in response to ionizing radiation. Phosphorylated DNA-PKcs colocalizes with both γ-H2AX and 53BP1 after DNA damage. Mutation of Thr2609 to Ala leads to radiation sensitivity and impaired DSB rejoining. These findings establish that Ku-dependent phosphorylation of DNA-PKcs at Thr2609 is required for the repair of DSBs by NHEJ.
- nonhomologous end-joining
- DNA damage response
- autophosphorylation
- DNA-PK
- DNA-PKcs
- Ku
- radiation sensitivity
- ionizing radiation
Footnotes
↵4 Present address: Life Science Division, Tottori University, Tottori 683-8503, Japan.
↵5 These authors contributed equally to this work.
↵6 Corresponding author.
E-MAIL djchen{at}lbl.gov; FAX (510) 486-6816.
Article and publication are at http://www.genesdev.org/cgi/doi/10.1101/gad.1015202.
- Received June 13, 2002.
- Accepted July 25, 2002.
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press