The t-complex-encoded guanine nucleotide exchange factor Fgd2 reveals that two opposing signaling pathways promote transmission ratio distortion in the mouse (original) (raw)
- Hermann Bauer1,
- Nathalie Véron1,
- Jürgen Willert1, and
- Bernhard G. Herrmann1,2,3
- 1 Max-Planck-Institute for Molecular Genetics, Department of Developmental Genetics, Berlin 14195, Germany;
- 2 Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Institute of Medical Genetics, CBF, Berlin 12200, Germany
Abstract
Transmission ratio distortion (TRD), the preferential inheritance of the t haplotype from t/+ males, is caused by the cooperative effect of four _t-complex distorter_s (_Tcd_1–4) and the single t-complex responder (Tcr) on sperm motility. Here we show that Fgd2, encoding a Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor, maps to the Tcd2 region. The t allele of Fgd2 is overexpressed in testis compared with wild type. A loss-of-function allele of Fgd2 generated by gene targeting reduces the transmission ratio of the t haplotype th49, directly demonstrating the role of Fgd2 as Distorter. Fgd2 identifies a second Rho G protein signaling pathway promoting TRD.
Footnotes
↵3 Corresponding author.
↵3 E-MAIL herrmann{at}molgen.mpg.de; FAX 49-30-8413-1229.Supplemental material is available at http://www.genesdev.org.
Article is online at http://www.genesdev.org/cgi/doi/10.1101/gad.414807
- Received October 17, 2006.
- Accepted November 24, 2006.
Copyright © 2007, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press