Discriminating features of echolocation clicks of melon-headed whales (Peponocephala electra), bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus), and Gray’s spinner dolphins (Stenella longirostris longirostris) (original) (raw)
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October 18 2010
Simone Baumann-Pickeringa)
Scripps Institution of Oceanography,
University of California
, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0205
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Scripps Institution of Oceanography,
University of California
, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0205
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Scripps Institution of Oceanography,
University of California
, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0205
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Department of Computer Science,
San Diego State University
, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, California 92182-7720
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Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen
, Zool. Institut, Abt. Tierphysiologie, Auf der Morgenstelle 28, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. On leave from: Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Zoologisches Institut, Abteilung Tierphysiologie, Auf der Morgenstell 28, 72076 Tübingen, Germany. Electronic mail: sbaumann@ucsd.edu
J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 128, 2212–2224 (2010)
Spectral parameters were used to discriminate between echolocation clicks produced by three dolphin species at Palmyra Atoll: melon-headed whales (Peponocephala electra), bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) and Gray’s spinner dolphins (Stenella longirostris longirostris). Single species acoustic behavior during daytime observations was recorded with a towed hydrophone array sampling at 192 and 480 kHz. Additionally, an autonomous, bottom moored High-frequency Acoustic Recording Package (HARP) collected acoustic data with a sampling rate of 200 kHz. Melon-headed whale echolocation clicks had the lowest peak and center frequencies, spinner dolphins had the highest frequencies and bottlenose dolphins were nested in between these two species. Frequency differences were significant. Temporal parameters were not well suited for classification. Feature differences were enhanced by reducing variability within a set of single clicks by calculating mean spectra for groups of clicks. Median peak frequencies of averaged clicks (group size 50) of melon-headed whales ranged between 24.4 and 29.7 kHz, of bottlenose dolphins between 26.7 and 36.7 kHz, and of spinner dolphins between 33.8 and 36.0 kHz. Discriminant function analysis showed the ability to correctly discriminate between 93% of melon-headed whales, 75% of spinner dolphins and 54% of bottlenose dolphins.
Topics
Bioacoustics of mammals, Hydrophone, Musical instruments, Acoustic modeling, simulation and analysis, Animal echolocation, Animal sounds, Amplifiers, General procedures and instrumentation, Signal processing, Statistical analysis
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