Effects of Whey Protein Supplementation Associated With Resistance Training on Muscular Strength, Hypertrophy, and Muscle Quality in Preconditioned Older Women (original) (raw)
Ahtiainen, J.P., Pakarinen, A., Alen, M., Kraemer, W.J., & Hakkinen, K. (2003). Muscle hypertrophy, hormonal adaptations and strength development during strength training in strength-trained and untrained men. _European Journal of Applied Physiology, 89(6), 555–563. PubMed ID: 12734759 doi:10.1007/s00421-003-0833-3 Ahtiainen, J.P., Pakarinen, A., Alen, M., Kraemer, W.J., & Hakkinen, K. (2003). Muscle hypertrophy, hormonal adaptations and strength development during strength training in strength-trained and untrained men. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 89(6), 555–563. PubMed ID: 12734759 doi:10.1007/s00421-003-0833-3 )| false
American College of Sports Medicine. (2009). American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Progression models in resistance training for healthy adults. _Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 41(3), 687–708. doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181915670 American College of Sports Medicine. (2009). American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Progression models in resistance training for healthy adults. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 41(3), 687–708. doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181915670 )| false
Brady, A.O., Straight, C.R., & Evans, E.M. (2014). Body composition, muscle capacity, and physical function in older adults: An integrated conceptual model. _Journal of Aging and Physical Activity, 22(3), 441–452. PubMed ID: 23945551 doi:10.1123/JAPA.2013-0009 Brady, A.O., Straight, C.R., & Evans, E.M. (2014). Body composition, muscle capacity, and physical function in older adults: An integrated conceptual model. Journal of Aging and Physical Activity, 22(3), 441–452. PubMed ID: 23945551 doi:10.1123/JAPA.2013-0009 )| false
Burd, N.A., Tang, J.E., Moore, D.R., & Phillips, S.M. (2009). Exercise training and protein metabolism: Influences of contraction, protein intake, and sex-based differences. _Journal of Applied Physiology, 106(5), 1692–1701. PubMed ID: 19036897 doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.91351.2008 Burd, N.A., Tang, J.E., Moore, D.R., & Phillips, S.M. (2009). Exercise training and protein metabolism: Influences of contraction, protein intake, and sex-based differences. Journal of Applied Physiology, 106(5), 1692–1701. PubMed ID: 19036897 doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.91351.2008 )| false
Cermak, N.M., Res, P.T., de Groot, L.C., Saris, W.H., & van Loon, L.J. (2012). Protein supplementation augments the adaptive response of skeletal muscle to resistance-type exercise training: A meta-analysis. _The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 96(6), 1454–1464. PubMed ID: 23134885 doi:10.3945/ajcn.112.037556 Cermak, N.M., Res, P.T., de Groot, L.C., Saris, W.H., & van Loon, L.J. (2012). Protein supplementation augments the adaptive response of skeletal muscle to resistance-type exercise training: A meta-analysis. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 96(6), 1454–1464. PubMed ID: 23134885 doi:10.3945/ajcn.112.037556 )| false
Churchward-Venne, T.A., Burd, N.A., Mitchell, C.J., West, D.W., Philp, A., Marcotte, G.R., … Phillips, S.M. (2012). Supplementation of a suboptimal protein dose with leucine or essential amino acids: Effects on myofibrillar protein synthesis at rest and following resistance exercise in men. _The Journal of Physiology, 590(11), 2751–2765. PubMed ID: 22451437 doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2012.228833 Churchward-Venne, T.A., Burd, N.A., Mitchell, C.J., West, D.W., Philp, A., Marcotte, G.R., … Phillips, S.M. (2012). Supplementation of a suboptimal protein dose with leucine or essential amino acids: Effects on myofibrillar protein synthesis at rest and following resistance exercise in men. The Journal of Physiology, 590(11), 2751–2765. PubMed ID: 22451437 doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2012.228833 )| false
Clark, B.C., & Manini, T.M. (2010). Functional consequences of sarcopenia and dynapenia in the elderly. _Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care, 13(3), 271–276. PubMed ID: 20154609 doi:10.1097/MCO.0b013e328337819e Clark, B.C., & Manini, T.M. (2010). Functional consequences of sarcopenia and dynapenia in the elderly. Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care, 13(3), 271–276. PubMed ID: 20154609 doi:10.1097/MCO.0b013e328337819e )| false
Cohen, J. (1992). A power primer. _Psychological Bulletin, 112(1), 155–159. PubMed ID: 19565683 doi:10.1037/0033-2909.112.1.155 Cohen, J. (1992). A power primer. Psychological Bulletin, 112(1), 155–159. PubMed ID: 19565683 doi:10.1037/0033-2909.112.1.155 )| false
Dangin, M., Boirie, Y., Guillet, C., & Beaufrere, B. (2002). Influence of the protein digestion rate on protein turnover in young and elderly subjects. _The Journal of Nutrition, 132(10), 3228S–3233S. PubMed ID: 12368423 doi:10.1093/jn/131.10.3228S Dangin, M., Boirie, Y., Guillet, C., & Beaufrere, B. (2002). Influence of the protein digestion rate on protein turnover in young and elderly subjects. The Journal of Nutrition, 132(10), 3228S–3233S. PubMed ID: 12368423 doi:10.1093/jn/131.10.3228S )| false
Devries, M.C., & Phillips, S.M. (2015). Supplemental protein in support of muscle mass and health: Advantage whey. _Journal of Food Science, 80(Suppl. 1), A8–A15. doi:10.1111/1750-3841.12802 Devries, M.C., & Phillips, S.M. (2015). Supplemental protein in support of muscle mass and health: Advantage whey. Journal of Food Science, 80(Suppl. 1), A8–A15. doi:10.1111/1750-3841.12802 )| false
Finger, D., Goltz, F.R., Umpierre, D., Meyer, E., Rosa, L.H., & Schneider, C.D. (2015). Effects of protein supplementation in older adults undergoing resistance training: A systematic review and meta-analysis. _Sports Medicine, 45(2), 245–255. PubMed ID: 25355074 doi:10.1007/s40279-014-0269-4 Finger, D., Goltz, F.R., Umpierre, D., Meyer, E., Rosa, L.H., & Schneider, C.D. (2015). Effects of protein supplementation in older adults undergoing resistance training: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Medicine, 45(2), 245–255. PubMed ID: 25355074 doi:10.1007/s40279-014-0269-4 )| false
Garber, C.E., Blissmer, B., Deschenes, M.R., Franklin, B.A., Lamonte, M.J., Lee, I.M., … American College of Sports Medicine. (2011). American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Quantity and quality of exercise for developing and maintaining cardiorespiratory, musculoskeletal, and neuromotor fitness in apparently healthy adults: Guidance for prescribing exercise. _Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 43(7), 1334–1359. PubMed ID: 21694556 doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e318213fefb Garber, C.E., Blissmer, B., Deschenes, M.R., Franklin, B.A., Lamonte, M.J., Lee, I.M., … American College of Sports Medicine. (2011). American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Quantity and quality of exercise for developing and maintaining cardiorespiratory, musculoskeletal, and neuromotor fitness in apparently healthy adults: Guidance for prescribing exercise. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 43(7), 1334–1359. PubMed ID: 21694556 doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e318213fefb )| false
Hughes, V.A., Frontera, W.R., Wood, M., Evans, W.J., Dallal, G.E., Roubenoff, R., & Fiatarone Singh, M.A. (2001). Longitudinal muscle strength changes in older adults: Influence of muscle mass, physical activity, and health. _The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 56(5), B209–B217. doi:10.1093/gerona/56.5.B209 Hughes, V.A., Frontera, W.R., Wood, M., Evans, W.J., Dallal, G.E., Roubenoff, R., & Fiatarone Singh, M.A. (2001). Longitudinal muscle strength changes in older adults: Influence of muscle mass, physical activity, and health. The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 56(5), B209–B217. doi:10.1093/gerona/56.5.B209 )| false
Jager, R., Kerksick, C.M., Campbell, B.I., Cribb, P.J., Wells, S.D., Skwiat, T.M., … Antonio, J. (2017). International Society of Sports nutrition position stand: Protein and exercise. _Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 14, 20. PubMed ID: 28642676 doi:10.1186/s12970-017-0177-8 Jager, R., Kerksick, C.M., Campbell, B.I., Cribb, P.J., Wells, S.D., Skwiat, T.M., … Antonio, J. (2017). International Society of Sports nutrition position stand: Protein and exercise. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 14, 20. PubMed ID: 28642676 doi:10.1186/s12970-017-0177-8 )| false
Kim, J., Wang, Z., Heymsfield, S.B., Baumgartner, R.N., & Gallagher, D. (2002). Total-body skeletal muscle mass: Estimation by a new dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry method. _The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 76(2), 378–383. PubMed ID: 12145010 doi:10.1093/ajcn/76.2.378 Kim, J., Wang, Z., Heymsfield, S.B., Baumgartner, R.N., & Gallagher, D. (2002). Total-body skeletal muscle mass: Estimation by a new dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry method. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 76(2), 378–383. PubMed ID: 12145010 doi:10.1093/ajcn/76.2.378 )| false
Malafarina, V., Uriz-Otano, F., Iniesta, R., & Gil-Guerrero, L. (2013). Effectiveness of nutritional supplementation on muscle mass in treatment of sarcopenia in old age: A systematic review. _Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 14(1), 10–17. PubMed ID: 22980996 doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2012.08.001 Malafarina, V., Uriz-Otano, F., Iniesta, R., & Gil-Guerrero, L. (2013). Effectiveness of nutritional supplementation on muscle mass in treatment of sarcopenia in old age: A systematic review. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 14(1), 10–17. PubMed ID: 22980996 doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2012.08.001 )| false
Manini, T.M., & Clark, B.C. (2012). Dynapenia and aging: An update. _The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 67(1), 28–40. PubMed ID: 21444359 doi:10.1093/gerona/glr010 Manini, T.M., & Clark, B.C. (2012). Dynapenia and aging: An update. The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 67(1), 28–40. PubMed ID: 21444359 doi:10.1093/gerona/glr010 )| false
Miller, P.E., Alexander, D.D., & Perez, V. (2014). Effects of whey protein and resistance exercise on body composition: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. _Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 33(2), 163–175. PubMed ID: 24724774 doi:10.1080/07315724.2013.875365 Miller, P.E., Alexander, D.D., & Perez, V. (2014). Effects of whey protein and resistance exercise on body composition: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 33(2), 163–175. PubMed ID: 24724774 doi:10.1080/07315724.2013.875365 )| false
Moore, D.R., Churchward-Venne, T.A., Witard, O., Breen, L., Burd, N.A., Tipton, K.D., & Phillips, S.M. (2015). Protein ingestion to stimulate myofibrillar protein synthesis requires greater relative protein intakes in healthy older versus younger men. _The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 70(1), 57–62. PubMed ID: 25056502 doi:10.1093/gerona/glu103 Moore, D.R., Churchward-Venne, T.A., Witard, O., Breen, L., Burd, N.A., Tipton, K.D., & Phillips, S.M. (2015). Protein ingestion to stimulate myofibrillar protein synthesis requires greater relative protein intakes in healthy older versus younger men. The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 70(1), 57–62. PubMed ID: 25056502 doi:10.1093/gerona/glu103 )| false
Morton, R.W., Murphy, K.T., McKellar, S.R., Schoenfeld, B.J., Henselmans, M., Helms, E., … Phillips, S.M. (2018). A systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression of the effect of protein supplementation on resistance training-induced gains in muscle mass and strength in healthy adults. _British Journal of Sports Medicine, 52(6):376–384. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2017-097608 Morton, R.W., Murphy, K.T., McKellar, S.R., Schoenfeld, B.J., Henselmans, M., Helms, E., … Phillips, S.M. (2018). A systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression of the effect of protein supplementation on resistance training-induced gains in muscle mass and strength in healthy adults. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 52(6):376–384. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2017-097608 )| false
Naclerio, F., & Larumbe-Zabala, E. (2016). Effects of whey protein alone or as part of a multi-ingredient formulation on strength, fat-free mass, or lean body mass in resistance-trained individuals: A meta-analysis. _Sports Medicine, 46(1), 125–137. PubMed ID: 26403469 doi:10.1007/s40279-015-0403-y
PubMed Naclerio, F., & Larumbe-Zabala, E. (2016). Effects of whey protein alone or as part of a multi-ingredient formulation on strength, fat-free mass, or lean body mass in resistance-trained individuals: A meta-analysis. Sports Medicine, 46(1), 125–137. PubMed ID: 26403469 doi:10.1007/s40279-015-0403-y26403469 )| false
Pasiakos, S.M., McLellan, T.M., & Lieberman, H.R. (2015). The effects of protein supplements on muscle mass, strength, and aerobic and anaerobic power in healthy adults: A systematic review. _Sports Medicine, 45(1), 111–131. PubMed ID: 25169440 doi:10.1007/s40279-014-0242-2 Pasiakos, S.M., McLellan, T.M., & Lieberman, H.R. (2015). The effects of protein supplements on muscle mass, strength, and aerobic and anaerobic power in healthy adults: A systematic review. Sports Medicine, 45(1), 111–131. PubMed ID: 25169440 doi:10.1007/s40279-014-0242-2 )| false
Pennings, B., Koopman, R., Beelen, M., Senden, J.M., Saris, W.H., & van Loon, L.J. (2011). Exercising before protein intake allows for greater use of dietary protein-derived amino acids for de novo muscle protein synthesis in both young and elderly men. _The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 93(2), 322–331. PubMed ID: 21084649 doi:10.3945/ajcn.2010.29649 Pennings, B., Koopman, R., Beelen, M., Senden, J.M., Saris, W.H., & van Loon, L.J. (2011). Exercising before protein intake allows for greater use of dietary protein-derived amino acids for de novo muscle protein synthesis in both young and elderly men. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 93(2), 322–331. PubMed ID: 21084649 doi:10.3945/ajcn.2010.29649 )| false
Phillips, S.M. (2015). Nutritional supplements in support of resistance exercise to counter age-related sarcopenia. _Advances in Nutrition, 6(4), 452–460. PubMed ID: 26178029 doi:10.3945/an.115.008367 Phillips, S.M. (2015). Nutritional supplements in support of resistance exercise to counter age-related sarcopenia. Advances in Nutrition, 6(4), 452–460. PubMed ID: 26178029 doi:10.3945/an.115.008367 )| false
Phillips, S.M., Tang, J.E., & Moore, D.R. (2009). The role of milk- and soy-based protein in support of muscle protein synthesis and muscle protein accretion in young and elderly persons. _Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 28(4), 343–354. PubMed ID: 20368372 doi:10.1080/07315724.2009.10718096 Phillips, S.M., Tang, J.E., & Moore, D.R. (2009). The role of milk- and soy-based protein in support of muscle protein synthesis and muscle protein accretion in young and elderly persons. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 28(4), 343–354. PubMed ID: 20368372 doi:10.1080/07315724.2009.10718096 )| false
Phillips, S.M., Tipton, K.D., Ferrando, A.A., & Wolfe, R.R. (1999). Resistance training reduces the acute exercise-induced increase in muscle protein turnover. _The American Journal of Physiology, 276(1 Pt. 1), E118–E124. PubMed ID: 9886957 Phillips, S.M., Tipton, K.D., Ferrando, A.A., & Wolfe, R.R. (1999). Resistance training reduces the acute exercise-induced increase in muscle protein turnover. The American Journal of Physiology, 276(1 Pt. 1), E118–E124. PubMed ID: 9886957 )| false
Ribeiro, A.S., Avelar, A., Schoenfeld, B.J., Fleck, S.J., Souza, M.F., Padilha, C.S., & Cyrino, E.S. (2015). Analysis of the training load during a hypertrophy-type resistance training programme in men and women. _European Journal of Sport Science, 15(4), 256–264. PubMed ID: 25068761 doi:10.1080/17461391.2014.940559 Ribeiro, A.S., Avelar, A., Schoenfeld, B.J., Fleck, S.J., Souza, M.F., Padilha, C.S., & Cyrino, E.S. (2015). Analysis of the training load during a hypertrophy-type resistance training programme in men and women. European Journal of Sport Science, 15(4), 256–264. PubMed ID: 25068761 doi:10.1080/17461391.2014.940559 )| false
Santos, L., Ribeiro, A.S., Schoenfeld, B.J., Nascimento, M.A., Tomeleri, C.M., Souza, M.F., … Cyrino, E.S. (2017). The improvement in walking speed induced by resistance training is associated with increased muscular strength but not skeletal muscle mass in older women. _European Journal of Sport Science, 17(4), 488–494. PubMed ID: 28068193 doi:10.1080/17461391.2016.1273394 Santos, L., Ribeiro, A.S., Schoenfeld, B.J., Nascimento, M.A., Tomeleri, C.M., Souza, M.F., … Cyrino, E.S. (2017). The improvement in walking speed induced by resistance training is associated with increased muscular strength but not skeletal muscle mass in older women. European Journal of Sport Science, 17(4), 488–494. PubMed ID: 28068193 doi:10.1080/17461391.2016.1273394 )| false
Tang, J.E., Moore, D.R., Kujbida, G.W., Tarnopolsky, M.A., & Phillips, S.M. (2009). Ingestion of whey hydrolysate, casein, or soy protein isolate: Effects on mixed muscle protein synthesis at rest and following resistance exercise in young men. _Journal of Applied Physiology, 107(3), 987–992. PubMed ID: 19589961 doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00076.2009
PubMed Tang, J.E., Moore, D.R., Kujbida, G.W., Tarnopolsky, M.A., & Phillips, S.M. (2009). Ingestion of whey hydrolysate, casein, or soy protein isolate: Effects on mixed muscle protein synthesis at rest and following resistance exercise in young men. Journal of Applied Physiology, 107(3), 987–992. PubMed ID: 19589961 doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00076.200919589961 )| false
Tang, J.E., Perco, J.G., Moore, D.R., Wilkinson, S.B., & Phillips, S.M. (2008). Resistance training alters the response of fed state mixed muscle protein synthesis in young men. _American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, 294(1), R172–R178. PubMed ID: 18032468 doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00636.2007 Tang, J.E., Perco, J.G., Moore, D.R., Wilkinson, S.B., & Phillips, S.M. (2008). Resistance training alters the response of fed state mixed muscle protein synthesis in young men. American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, 294(1), R172–R178. PubMed ID: 18032468 doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00636.2007 )| false
Thomas, D.K., Quinn, M.A., Saunders, D.H., & Greig, C.A. (2016). Protein supplementation does not significantly augment the effects of resistance exercise training in older adults: A systematic review. _Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 17(10), 959.e1–959.e9. doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2016.07.002 Thomas, D.K., Quinn, M.A., Saunders, D.H., & Greig, C.A. (2016). Protein supplementation does not significantly augment the effects of resistance exercise training in older adults: A systematic review. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 17(10), 959.e1–959.e9. doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2016.07.002 )| false
Thomas, D.T., Erdman, K.A., & Burke, L.M. (2016). Position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Dietitians of Canada, and the American College of Sports Medicine: Nutrition and Athletic Performance. _Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 116(3), 501–528. PubMed ID: 26920240 doi:10.1016/j.jand.2015.12.006 Thomas, D.T., Erdman, K.A., & Burke, L.M. (2016). Position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Dietitians of Canada, and the American College of Sports Medicine: Nutrition and Athletic Performance. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 116(3), 501–528. PubMed ID: 26920240 doi:10.1016/j.jand.2015.12.006 )| false
Wall, B.T., Cermak, N.M., & van Loon, L.J. (2014). Dietary protein considerations to support active aging. _Sports Medicine, 44(Suppl. 2), 185–194. doi:10.1007/s40279-014-0258-7 Wall, B.T., Cermak, N.M., & van Loon, L.J. (2014). Dietary protein considerations to support active aging. Sports Medicine, 44(Suppl. 2), 185–194. doi:10.1007/s40279-014-0258-7 )| false
Welle, S., & Thornton, C.A. (1998). High-protein meals do not enhance myofibrillar synthesis after resistance exercise in 62- to 75-yr-old men and women. _The American Journal of Physiology, 274(4 Pt. 1), E677–E683. PubMed ID: 9575829 Welle, S., & Thornton, C.A. (1998). High-protein meals do not enhance myofibrillar synthesis after resistance exercise in 62- to 75-yr-old men and women. The American Journal of Physiology, 274(4 Pt. 1), E677–E683. PubMed ID: 9575829 )| false