Immune Modulatory Treatment of Trinitrobenzene Sulfonic Acid Colitis with Calcitriol Is Associated with a Change of a T Helper (Th) 1/Th17 to a Th2 and Regulatory T Cell Profile (original) (raw)
Research ArticleGASTROINTESTINAL, HEPATIC, PULMONARY, AND RENAL
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics January 2008, 324 (1) 23-33; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.107.127209
Abstract
A number of recent studies testify that calcitriol alone or in combination with corticosteroids exerts strong immune modulatory activity. As a new approach, we evaluated the protolerogenic potential of calcitriol and dexamethasone in acute T helper (Th)1-mediated colitis in mice. A rectal enema of trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) (100 mg/kg) was applied to BALB/c mice. Calcitriol and/or dexamethasone were administered i.p. from days 0 to 3 or 3 to 5 following the instillation of the haptenating agent. Assessment of colitis severity was performed daily. Colon tissue was analyzed macroscopically and microscopically, and myeloperoxidase activity, as well as cytokine levels [tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon-γ, interleukin (IL)-12p70, IL-1β, IL-10, IL-4] were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, T-bet, GATA family of transcription factors 3, a Th2 master regulator (GATA3), Foxp3, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4), IL-23p19 and IL-17 expression by immunoblot analysis. The combination of the steroids most effectively reduced the clinical and histopathologic severity of TNBS colitis. Th1-related parameters were down-regulated, whereas Th2 markers like IL-4 and GATA3 were up-regulated. Apart from known steroid effects, calcitriol in particular promoted regulatory T cell profiles as indicated by a marked increase of IL-10, TGFβ, FoxP3, and CTLA4. Furthermore, analysis of dendritic cell mediators responsible for a proinflammatory differentiation of T cells revealed a significant reduction of IL-12p70 and IL23p19 as well as IL-6 and IL-17. Thus, our data support a rationale for a steroid-sparing, clinical application of calcitriol derivatives in inflammatory bowel disease. Furthermore they suggest that early markers of inflammatory dendritic cell and Th17 differentiation qualify as new target molecules for both calcitriol and highly selective immune-modulating vitamin D analogs.
Footnotes
This work was supported by the Else Kroener-Fresenius-Foundation (Bad Homburg, Germany).
H.H.R. is supported by the Dr.-Hans-Schleussner-Foundation. C.D. is supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (GRK 757).
H.H.R. and J.M.S. contributed equally to this work.
Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at http://jpet.aspetjournals.org.
doi:10.1124/jpet.107.127209.
ABBREVIATIONS: Th, T helper; DC, dendritic cell; VDR, vitamin D receptor; GC, glucocorticoid; IL, interleukin; IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; CD, Crohn's disease; TNBS, trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid; BW, body weight; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; Dex, dexamethasone; GR, glucocorticoid receptor; IB, immunoblot; GATA3, GATA family of transcription factors 3, a Th2 master regulator; CTLA, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen.
- Received June 13, 2007.
- Accepted September 28, 2007.
The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
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