Ribosomal Heterogeneity from Chromatin Diminution in Ascaris lumbricoides (original) (raw)

Abstract

The genome of Ascaris lumbricoides encodes both germline- and soma-specific proteins homologous to the eukaryotic small ribosomal protein (Rp) S19. The two Ascaris homologs differ by 24 amino acid substitutions and are both components of the small ribosomal subunits. In oocytes, the germline RpS19 homolog (RpS19G) predominates. During chromatin diminution, however, the gene is eliminated from all presomatic cells, and RpS19G is replaced by the product of the somatic gene (RpS19S). Chromatin diminution in A. lumbricoides causes a change in the protein composition of ribosomes during development and represents an alternative means of gene regulation.

Access the full article

View all access options to continue reading this article.

References

AEBY, P, STRUCTURE AND GENOMIC ORGANIZATION OF PRORETROVIRUS-LIKE ELEMENTS PARTIALLY ELIMINATED FROM THE SOMATIC GENOME OF ASCARIS-LUMBRICOIDES, EMBO JOURNAL 5: 3353 (1986).

BAUMGARTNER, S, DROSOPHILA RIBOSOMAL-PROTEIN S19 CDNA SEQUENCE, NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH 21: 3897 (1993).

BRADSHAW, R.E., ISOLATION AND NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE OF THE RIBOSOMAL-PROTEIN S16-ENCODING GENE FROM ASPERGILLUS-NIDULANS, GENE 108: 157 (1991).

CHOMCZYNSKI, P, SINGLE-STEP METHOD OF RNA ISOLATION BY ACID GUANIDINIUM THIOCYANATE PHENOL CHLOROFORM EXTRACTION, ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY 162: 156 (1987).

DONOVAN, D.M., FUNCTIONAL-ANALYSIS OF A DUPLICATED LINKED PAIR OF RIBOSOMAL-PROTEIN GENES IN SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE, MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY 10: 6097 (1990).

ETTER, A, ELIMINATED CHROMATIN OF ASCARIS CONTAINS A GENE THAT ENCODES A PUTATIVE RIBOSOMAL-PROTEIN, PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 88: 1593 (1991).

FISHER, EMC, HOMOLOGOUS RIBOSOMAL-PROTEIN GENES ON THE HUMAN X-CHROMOSOME AND Y-CHROMOSOME - ESCAPE FROM X-INACTIVATION AND POSSIBLE IMPLICATIONS FOR TURNER SYNDROME, CELL 63: 1205 (1990).

GODAY, C, THE OCCURRENCE, ROLE AND EVOLUTION OF CHROMATIN DIMINUTION IN NEMATODES, PARASITOLOGY TODAY 9: 319 (1993).

GORENSTEIN, C, COORDINATE REGULATION OF SYNTHESIS OF EUKARYOTIC RIBOSOMAL-PROTEINS, PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 73: 1547 (1976).

GUNDERSON, J.H., STRUCTURALLY DISTINCT, STAGE-SPECIFIC RIBOSOMES OCCUR IN PLASMODIUM, SCIENCE 238: 933 (1987).

HAHN, S, ISOLATION OF THE GENE ENCODING THE YEAST TATA BINDING-PROTEIN TFIID - A GENE IDENTICAL TO THE SPT15 SUPPRESSOR OF TY ELEMENT INSERTIONS, CELL 58: 1173 (1989).

Harlow, E., Antibodies: A Laboratory Manual (1988).

KIMURA, J, PRIMARY STRUCTURES OF 3 HIGHLY ACIDIC RIBOSOMAL-PROTEINS S6, S12 AND S15 FROM THE ARCHAEBACTERIUM HALOBACTERIUM-MARISMORTUI, FEBS LETTERS 224: 65 (1987).

KONDOH, N, DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION OF S19 RIBOSOMAL-PROTEIN, LAMININ-BINDING PROTEIN, AND HUMAN LYMPHOCYTE ANTIGEN CLASS-I MESSENGER-RNAS ASSOCIATED WITH COLON-CARCINOMA PROGRESSION AND DIFFERENTIATION, CANCER RESEARCH 52: 791 (1992).

LUTSCH, G, IMMUNOELECTRON MICROSCOPIC STUDIES ON THE LOCATION OF RIBOSOMAL-PROTEINS ON THE SURFACE OF THE 40S RIBOSOMAL-SUBUNIT FROM RAT-LIVER, EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY 51: 140 (1990).

MOLENAAR, CMT, STRUCTURE AND ORGANIZATION OF 2 LINKED RIBOSOMAL-PROTEIN GENES IN YEAST, NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH 12: 7345 (1984).

MORITZ, K.B., COMPLEXITY OF GERM-LINE AND SOMATIC DNA IN ASCARIS, NATURE 259: 55 (1976).

MULLER, F, NEW TELOMERE FORMATION AFTER DEVELOPMENTALLY REGULATED CHROMOSOMAL BREAKAGE DURING THE PROCESS OF CHROMATIN DIMINUTION IN ASCARIS-LUMBRICOIDES, CELL 67: 815 (1991).

MULLER, F, NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE OF SATELLITE DNA CONTAINED IN THE ELIMINATED GENOME OF ASCARIS-LUMBRICOIDES, NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH 10: 7493 (1982).

NILSEN, T.W., TRANSSPLICING OF NEMATODE PREMESSENGER RNA, ANNUAL REVIEW OF MICROBIOLOGY 47: 413 (1993).

Poinar, G. O., The Natural History of Nematodes (1983).

Ramagopal, S., The Translational Apparatus: 713 (1993).

Sambrook, J., Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual (1989).

Spedding, G., Ribosomes and Protein Synthesis: 9 (1990).

SPICHER, A, EXTREMELY STABLE TRANSCRIPTS MAY COMPENSATE FOR THE ELIMINATION OF THE GENE FERT-1 FROM ALL ASCARIS-LUMBRICOIDES SOMATIC-CELLS, DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 164: 72 (1994).

STORTKUHL, K.F., ANALYSIS OF IMMUNOCYTOCHEMICAL STAINING PATTERNS IN THE ANTENNAL SYSTEM OF DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER, CELL AND TISSUE RESEARCH 275: 27 (1994).

STUDIER, F.W., USE OF BACTERIOPHAGE-T7 RNA-POLYMERASE TO DIRECT SELECTIVE HIGH-LEVEL EXPRESSION OF CLONED GENES, JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 189: 113 (1986).

SUZUKI, K, THE PRIMARY STRUCTURE OF RAT RIBOSOMAL-PROTEIN S19, BIOCHIMIE 72: 299 (1990).

Tobler, H., Line-Soma Differentiation (1986).

TOBLER, H, CHROMATIN DIMINUTION IN NEMATODE DEVELOPMENT, TRENDS IN GENETICS 8: 427 (1992).

WARNER, J.R., ABSENCE OF RIBOSOMAL-RNA SYNTHESIS, RIBOSOMAL-PROTEINS OF HELA-CELLS ARE SYNTHESIZED NORMALLY AND DEGRADED RAPIDLY, JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 115: 315 (1977).

WATANABE, M, FUNCTIONAL EQUIVALENCE OF HUMAN X-ENCODED AND Y-ENCODED ISOFORMS OF RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN-S4 CONSISTENT WITH A ROLE IN TURNER SYNDROME, NATURE GENETICS 4: 268 (1993).

WOLFFE, A.P., DEVELOPMENTAL REGULATION OF 2 5S RIBOSOMAL-RNA GENES, SCIENCE 241: 1626 (1988).