Neutral atmosphere near the icy surface of Jupiter’s moon Ganymede (original) (raw)
References
Anzai, K., Kato, H., Hoshino, M., Tanaka, H., Itikawa, Y., Campbell, L., Brunger, M.J., Buckman, S.J., Cho, H., Blanco, F., Garcia, G., Limao-Vieira, P., and Ingrolfsson, O., Cross section data sets for electron collisions with H2, O2, CO, CO2, N2O and H2O, Eur. Phys. J. D 2012, vol. 66, pp. 36–55. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Bagenal, F., Empirical model of the Io plasma torus: Voyager measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 1994, vol. 99, pp. 11043–11062. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Balakrishnan, N., Kharchenko, V., and Dalgarno, A., Slowing of energetic O(3P) atoms in collisions with N2, J. Geophys. Res., 1998, vol. 103, pp. 23393–23398. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Barth, C.A., Hord, C.W., Stewart, A.I.F., Pryor, W.R., Simmons, K.E., McClintock, W.E., Ajello, J.M., Naviaux, K.L., and Aiello, J.J., Galileo ultraviolet spectrometer observations of atomic hydrogen in the atmosphere of Ganymede, Geophys. Rev. Lett., 1997, vol. 24, pp. 2147–2150. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Burger, M.H., Wagner, R., Jaumann, R., and Cassidy, T.A., Effects of the external environment on icy satellites, Space Sci. Rev., 2010, vol. 153, pp. 347–372. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Carlson, R.W., A tenuous carbon dioxide atmosphere on Jupiter’s moon Callisto, Science, 1999, vol. 283, p. 821. ADS Google Scholar
Cassidy, T.A., Johnson, R.E., and Tucke, O.J., Trace constituents of Europa’s atmosphere, Icarus, 2009, vol. 201, pp. 182–190. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Cassidy, T., Coll, P., Raulin, F., Carlson, R.W., Johnson, R.E., Loeffler, M.J., Hand, K.P., and Baragiola, R.A., Radiolysis and photolysis of icy satellite surfaces: experiments and theory, Space Sci. Rev., 2010, vol. 153, pp. 297–314. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Cooper, J.F., Johnson, R.E., Mauk, B.H., and Gehrels, N., Energetic electron and ion irradiation of the icy Galilean satellites, Icarus, 2001, vol. 149, pp. 133–159. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Dols, V.J., Bagenal, F., Cassidy, T.A., Crary, F.J., and Delamere, P.A., Europa’s atmospheric neutral escape: importance of symmetrical O2 charge exchange, Icarus, 2016, vol. 264, pp. 387–397. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Feldman, P.D., McGrath, M.A., Strobel, D.F., Moos, H.W., Retherford, K.D., and Wolven, B.C., HST/STIS ultraviolet imaging of polar Aurora on Ganymede, Astrophys. J., 2000, vol. 535, pp. 1085–1090. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Frank, L.A., Paterson, W.R., and Ackerson, K.L., Outflow of hydrogen from Ganymede, Geophys. Rev. Lett., 1997, vol. 24, pp. 2151–2154. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Grasset, O., Dougherty, M.K., Coustenis, A., Bunce, E.J., Erd, C., Titov, D., Blanc, M., Coates, A., Drossart, P., Fletcher, L.N., Hussmann, H., Jaumann, R., Krupp, N., Lebreton, J.-P., Prieto-Ballesteros, O., Tortora, P., Tosi, F., and van Hoolst, T., JUpiter ICy moons Explorer (JUICE): an ESA mission to orbit Ganymede and to characterize the Jupiter system, Planet. Space Sci., 2013, vol. 78, pp. 1–21. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Gurnett, D.A., Kurth, W.S., Roux, A., Bolton, S.J., and Kennel, C.F., Evidence for a magnetosphere at Ganymede from plasma-wave observations by the Galileo spacecraft, Nature, 1996, vol. 384, pp. 535–537. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Hall, D.T., Strobel, D.F., Feldman, P.D., McGrath, M.A., and Weaver, H.A., Detection of an oxygen atmosphere on Jupiter’s moon Europa, Nature, 1995, vol. 373, pp. 677–679. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Hall, D.T., Feldman, P.D., McGrath, M.A., and Strobel, D.F., The far-ultraviolet oxygen airglow of Europa and Ganymede, Astrophys. J., 1998, vol. 499, pp. 475–481. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Hansen, C.J., Shemansky, D.E., and Hendrix, A.R., Cassini UVIS observations of Europa’s oxygen atmosphere and torus, Icarus, 2004, vol. 176, pp. 305–315. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Huebner W.F., Keady J.J., Lyon S.P. Solar photo rates for planetary atmospheres and atmospheric pollutants, Astrophys. Space Sci., 1992, vol. 195, pp. 1–294. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Ip, W.-H., Europa’s oxygen exosphere and its magnetospheric interaction, Icarus, 1996, vol. 120, pp. 317–325. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Ip, W.-H., Williams, D.J., McEntire, R.W., and Mauk, B., Ion sputtering and surface erosion at Europa, Geophys. Rev. Lett., 1998, vol. 25, pp. 829–832. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Itikawa, Y., Cross sections for electron collisions with oxygen molecules, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 2009, vol. 38, pp. 1–20. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Johnson, R.E., Lanzerotti, L.J., Brown, W.L., and Armstrong, T.P., Erosion of Galilean satellites by magnetospheric particles, Science, 1981, vol. 212, pp. 1027–1030. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Johnson, R.E., Lanzerotti, L.J., and Brown, W.L., Planetary applications of condensed gas sputtering, Nucl. Instrum. Methods, 1982, vol. 198, pp. 147–157. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Johnson, R.E., Boring, J.W., Reimann, C.T., Barton, L.A., Sieveka, J.W., Garrett, J.W., Farmer, K.R., Brown, W.L., and Lanzerotti, L., Plasma ion-induced molecular ejection on the Galilean satellites: energies of the ejected molecules, Geophys. Rev. Lett., 1983, vol. 10, pp. 892–985. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Johnson, R.E., Energetic Charged Particle Interaction with Atmospheres and Surfaces, New York: Springer-Verlag, 1990. Book Google Scholar
Johnson, R.E., Plasma-induced sputtering of an atmosphere, Space Sci. Rev., 1994, vol. 69, pp. 215–253. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Johnson, R.E., Sputtering and desorption from icy surfaces, in Solar System Ices, Dordrecht: WKAP, Astrophys. and Space Sci. Library 1998, pp. 303–331. Chapter Google Scholar
Johnson, R.E., Surface chemistry in the Jovian magnetosphere radiation environment, in Chemical Dynamics in Extreme Environments, Dessler, R., Ed., Singapore: World Sci. Adv. Ser. Phys. Chem. 2001, pp. 390–419. Chapter Google Scholar
Johnson, R.E., Surface boundary layer atmospheres, in Atmospheres in the Solar System: Comparative Aeronomy, Mendillo, M., Nagy, A., and Waite, J.H., Eds., AGU, Geophys. 2002, pp. 203–219. Chapter Google Scholar
Johnson, R.E., Quickenden, T.I., Cooper, P.D., McKinley, A.J., and Freeman, A.C., The production of oxidants in Europa’s surface, Astrobiology, 2003, vol. 3, pp. 823–850. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Johnson, R.E., Carlson, R.W., Cooper, J.F., Paranicas, C., Moore, M.H., and Wong, M.C., Radiation effects on the surfaces of the Galilean satellites, in Jupiter: Satellites, Atmosphere, Magnetosphere, Bagenal, F., Ed., Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge Planetary Sci. 2004, vol. 1, pp. 485–512. Google Scholar
Johnson, R.E., Smith, H.T., Tucker, O.J., Burger, M.H., Liu, M., and Tokar, R., The Enceladus and OH torii at Saturn, Astrophys. J., 2006, vol. 644, pp. L137–L139. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Johnson, R.E., Combi, M.R., Fox, J.L., Ip, W-H., Leblanc, F., McGrath, M.A., Shematovich, V.I., Strobel, D.F., and Waite, J.H., Jr., Exospheres and atmospheric escape, Space Sci. Rev., 2008, vol. 139, pp. 355–397. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Kharchenko, V., Dalgarno, A., Zygelman, B., and Yee, J.-H., Energy transfer in collisions of oxygen atoms in the terrestrial atmosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 2000, vol. 103, pp. 24899–24906. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Kivelson, M.G., Khurana, K.K., Coroniti, F.V., Joy, S., Russell, C.T., Walker, R.J., Warnecke, J., Bennett, L., and Polanskey, C., Magnetic field and magnetosphere of Ganymede, Geophys. Rev. Lett., 1997, vol. 24, pp. 2155–2159. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Kivelson, M.G., Khurana, K.K., and Volwerk, M., The permanent and inductive moments of ganymede, Icarus, 2002, vol. 157, pp. 507–522. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Kliore, A.J., Hinson, D.P., Fraser, F.M., Nagy, A.F., and Cravens, T.E., The ionosphere of Europa from Galileo radio occultations, Science, 1997, vol. 227, pp. 355–358. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Kliore, A.J., Satellite atmospheres and magnetospheres, in Highlights of Astronomy, Anderson, J., Ed., Dordrecht: Kluwer, 1998, vol. 11, p. 1065. Chapter Google Scholar
Marconi, M.L., Dagum, L., and Smyth, W.H., Hybrid fluid/kinetic approach to planetary atmospheres: an example of an intermediate mass body, Astrophys. J., 1996, vol. 469, pp. 393–401. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Marconi, M.L., A kinetic model of Ganymede’s atmosphere, Icarus, 2007, vol. 190, pp. 155–174. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Marov, M.Ya., Shematovich, V.I., and Bisikalo, D.V., Non-equilibrium aeronomic processes. A kinetic approach to the mathematical models, Space Sci. Rev., 1996, vol. 76, nos. 1-2, pp. 1–200. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Mauk, B.H., Mitchell, D.G., Krimigis, S.M., Roelof, E.C., and Paranicas, C.P., Energetic neutral atoms from a trans-Europa gas torus at Jupiter, Nature, 2003, vol. 421, pp. 920–922. ArticleADS Google Scholar
McGrath, M.A., Lellouch, E., Strobel, D.F., Feldman, P.D., and Johnson, R.E., Satellite atmospheres, in Jupiter. The Planet, Satellites and Magnetosphere, Bagenal, F., Dowling, T.E., and McKinnon, W.B., Eds., Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge Planetary Science 2004, vol. 1, pp. 457–483. Google Scholar
Nagy, A.F., Kim, J., Cravens, T.E., and Kliore, A.J., Hot corona at Europa, Geophys. Rev. Lett., 1998, vol. 22, pp. 4153–4155. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Orton, G.S., Spencer, J.R., Travi, L.D., Martin, T.Z., and Tamppari, L.K., Galileo photopolarimeter-radiometer observations of Jupiter and the Galilean satellites, Science, 1996, vol. 274, pp. 389–392. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Pappalardo, R.T., Senske, D.A., Prockter, L.M., Paczkowski, B., Vance, S., Goldstein, B., Magner, T., and Cooke, B., Science and reconnaissance from the Europa Clipper mission concept: exploring Europa’s habitability, LPI Contribut., 2015, no. 1832, p. 2673. ADS Google Scholar
Paranicas, C., Paterson, W.R., Cheng, A.F., Mauk, B.H., McEntire, R.W., Frank, L.A., and Williams, D.J., Energetic particle observations near Ganymede, J. Geophys. Res., 1999, vol. 404, pp. 17459–17469. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Paranicas, C., Ratliff, J.M., Mauk, B.H., Cohen, C., and Johnson, R.E., The ion environment near Europa and its role in surface energetics, Geophys. Rev. Lett., 2002, vol. 29, pp. 1810–1814. Article Google Scholar
Plainaki, C., Milillo, A., Mura, A., Orsini, S., Massetti, S., and Cassidy, T., The role of sputtering and radiolysis in the generation of Europa exosphere, Icarus, 2013, vol. 218, pp. 956–966. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Plainaki, C., Milillo, A., Massetti, S., Mura, A., Jia, X., Orsini, S., Mangano, V., De Angelis, E., and Rispoli, R., The H2O and O2 exospheres of Ganymede: the result of a complex interaction between the Jovian magnetospheric ions and the icy Moon, Icarus, 2015, vol. 245, pp. 306–319. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Purves, N.G. and Pilcher, C.B., Thermal migration of water on the Galilean satellites, Icarus, 1980, vol. 43, pp. 51–55. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Richards, P.G., Fenelly, J.A., and Torr, D.G., EUVAC: a solar flux model for aeronomic calculations, J. Geophys. Res., 1994, vol. 99, pp. 8981–8990. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Roth, L., Saur, J., Retherford, K.D., Strobel, D.F., Feldman, P.D., McGrath, M.A., and Nimmo, F., Transient water vapor at Europa’s south pole, Science, 2014, vol. 343, pp. 171–174. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Saur, J., Strobel, D.F., and Neubauer, F.M., Interaction of the Jovian magnetosphere with Europa: constraints on the atmosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 1998, vol. 103, pp. 19947–19962. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Schreier, R., Eviator, A., Vasiliunas, V.M., and Richardson, J.D., Modeling the Europa plasma torus, J. Geophys. Res., 1993, vol. 98, pp. 21231–21242. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Shemansky, D.E., Matheson, P., Hall, D.T., Hu, H.-T., and Tripp, T.M., Detection of the hydroxyl radical in the Saturn magnetosphere, Nature, 1992, vol. 363, p. 329. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Shematovich, V.I., Bisikalo, D.V., and Gerard, J.-C., A kinetic model of the formation of the hot oxygen geocorona. I. Quiet geomagnetic conditions, J. Geophys. Res., 1994, vol. 99, pp. 217–226. Article Google Scholar
Shematovich, V.I., Gerard, J.-C., Bisikalo, D.V., and Hubert, B., Thermalization of O(1D) atoms in the thermosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 1999, vol. 104, pp. 4287–4295. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Shematovich, V.I. and Johnson, R.E., Near-surface oxygen atmosphere at Europa, Adv. Space Res., 2001, vol. 27, pp. 1881–1888. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Shematovich, V.I., Johnson, R.E., Michael, M., and Luhmann, J.G., Nitrogen loss from Titan, J. Geophys. Res., 2003, vol. 108, pp. 5087–5099. Article Google Scholar
Shematovich, V.I., Stochastic models of hot planetary and satellite coronas, Solar Syst. Res., 2004, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 28–38. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Shematovich, V.I., Johnson, R.E., Cooper, J.F., and Wong, M.C., Surface-bounded atmosphere of Europa, Icarus, 2005, vol. 173, pp. 480–498. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Shematovich, V.I., Stochastic models of hot planetary and satellite coronas: atomic oxygen in Europa’s corona, Solar Syst. Res., 2006, vol. 40, no. 3, pp. 195–212. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Shematovich, V.I., Ionization chemistry in H2O-dominated atmospheres of icy moons, Solar Syst. Res., 2008, vol. 42, no. 6, pp. 473–487. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Shematovich, V.I., Gas envelopes of ice satellites, Mekhan., Upr. Inf., 2015, vol. 7, no. 3(56), pp. 270–310. Google Scholar
Shi, M., Baragiola, R.A., Grosjean, D.E., Johnson, R.E., Jurac, S., and Schou, J., Sputtering of water ice surfaces and the production of extended neutral atmospheres, J. Geophys. Res., 1995, vol. 100, pp. 26387–26395. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Smith, R.S. and Kay, B.D., Adsorption, desorption and crystallization kinetics in nanoscale water films, Recent Res. Devel. Phys. Chem., 1997, vol. 1, pp. 209–219. Google Scholar
Smyth, W.H. and Marconi, M.L., Europa’s atmosphere, gas tori, and magnetospheric implications, Icarus, 2006, vol. 181, pp. 510–526. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Spencer, J.R., Tamppari, L.K., Martin, T.Z., and Travis, L.D., Temperatures on Europa from Galileo PPR: nighttime thermal anomalies, Science, 1999, vol. 284, pp. 1514–1516. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Torr, M.R., Torr, D.G., and Hinteregger, H.E., Solar flux variability in the Schumann-Runge continuum as a function of solar cycle 21, J. Geophys. Res., 1980, vol. 85, pp. 6063–6068. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Turc, L., Leclercq, L., Leblanc, F., Modolo, R., and Chaufray, J.-Y., Modelling Ganymede’s neutral environment: a 3D test-particle simulation, Icarus, 2014, vol. 229, pp. 157–169. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Westley, M.S., Baragiola, R.A., Johnson, R.E., and Baratta, G.A., Ultraviolet desorption from water ice, Planet. Space Sci., 1995, vol. 43, pp. 1311–1315. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Wong, M.C., Marconi, M.L., and Johnson, R.E., Model calculations for Ganymede’s atmosphere, Proc. AGU Spring Meeting, Boston, MA, 1999, abstract P32B-09. Google Scholar
Yung, Y.I. and McElroy, M.B., Stability of an oxygen atmosphere on Ganymede, Icarus, 1977, vol. 30, pp. 97–103. ArticleADS Google Scholar
Zhang, P., Kharchenko, V., Jamieson, M.J., and Dalgarno, A., Energy relaxation in collisions of hydrogen and deuterium with oxygen atoms, J. Geophys. Res., 2009, vol. 114, p. A07101. ADS Google Scholar