Divergent trends for gastric cancer incidence by anatomical subsite in US adults (original) (raw)

Divergent trends for gastric cancer incidence by anatomical subsite in US adults

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  1. M Constanza Camargo1,2,
  2. William F Anderson1,
  3. Jessica B King3,
  4. Pelayo Correa4,
  5. Cheryll C Thomas3,
  6. Philip S Rosenberg1,
  7. Christie R Eheman3,
  8. Charles S Rabkin1
  9. 1Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
  10. 2Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, USA
  11. 3Cancer Surveillance Branch, Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
  12. 4Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
  13. Correspondence to M Constanza Camargo, Infections and Immunoepidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 6120 Executive Blvd, Ste 6111, Rockville, MD 20852, USA; camargomc{at}mail.nih.gov

Abstract

Background and aim Age-specific analyses of non-cardia gastric cancer incidence reveal divergent trends among US whites: rates are declining in individuals aged 40 years and older but rising in younger persons. To investigate this heterogeneity further, incidence trends were evaluated by anatomical subsite.

Methods Gastric cancer incidence data for 1976–2007 were obtained from the US National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Program of Cancer Registries (NPCR). Incidence rates and estimated annual percentage change were calculated by age group (25–39, 40–59 and 60–84 years), race/ethnicity and subsite.

Results Based on data from the nine oldest SEER registries (covering ∼10% of the US population), rates for all non-cardia subsites decreased in whites and blacks, except for corpus cancer, which increased between 1976 and 2007 with estimated annual percentage changes of 1.0% (95% CI 0.1% to 1.9%) for whites and 3.5% (95% CI 1.8% to 5.2%) for blacks. In contrast, rates for all non-cardia subsites including corpus cancer declined among other races. In combined data from NPCR and SEER registries (covering 89% of the US population), corpus cancer significantly increased between 1999 and 2007 among younger and middle-aged whites; in ethnic-specific analyses, rates significantly increased among the same age groups in non-Hispanic whites and were stable among Hispanic whites. Age-specific rates for all subsites declined or were stable in this period among blacks and other races.

Conclusions Long- and short-term incidence trends for gastric cancers indicate a shifting distribution by anatomical subsite. Corpus cancer may have distinctive aetiology and changing risk factor exposures, warranting further investigation.

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