WordNet (original) (raw)
WordNet: a lexical database for English
Published: 01 November 1995 Publication History
Abstract
Because meaningful sentences are composed of meaningful words, any system that hopes to process natural languages as people do must have information about words and their meanings. This information is traditionally provided through dictionaries, and machine-readable dictionaries are now widely available. But dictionary entries evolved for the convenience of human readers, not for machines. WordNet1 provides a more effective combination of traditional lexicographic information and modern computing. WordNet is an online lexical database designed for use under program control. English nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs are organized into sets of synonyms, each representing a lexicalized concept. Semantic relations link the synonym sets [4].
References
[1]
Charles, W. G. The categorization of sentential contexts. J. Psycholinguistic Res. 17, 5 (Sept. 1988), 403-411.
[2]
Francis, W. N., and Kucera, H. Frequency Analysis of English Usage: Lexicon and Grammar. Houghton Mifflin, Boston, Mass., 1982.
[3]
Leacock, C., Towell, G., and Voorhees, E. M. Towards building contextual representations of word senses using statistical models. In Proceedings of the Workshop on the Acquisition of Lexical Knowledge from Text (Columbus, Ohio, June 21) ACL/SIGLEX, 1993, pp. 10-20.
[4]
Miller, G. A., Ed. WordNet: An on-line lexical database. International Journal of Lexicography 3, 4 (Winter 1990), 235-312.
[5]
Miller, G. A,. and Charles, W. G. Contextual correlates of semantic similarity. Language and Cognitive Processes 6, 1 (Feb. 1991), 1-28.
[6]
Miller, G. A., and Fellbaum, C. Semantic networks of english. In B. Levin and, S. Pinker Eds. Lexical and Conceptual Semantics. Blackwell, Cambridge and Oxford, England, 1992, pp. 197-229.
[7]
Miller, G. A., Leacock, C., Tengi, R., and Bunker, R. A semantic concordance. In Proceedings of the ARPA Human Language Technology Workshop (Princeton, NJ, March 21-23). 1993, pp. 303-308.
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Published In
Communications of the ACM Volume 38, Issue 11
Nov. 1995
102 pages
Copyright © 1995 ACM.
Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]
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Association for Computing Machinery
New York, NY, United States
Publication History
Published: 01 November 1995
Published in CACM Volume 38, Issue 11
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George A. Miller
Princeton Univ., Princeton, NJ