Veterinary World -August2014-Abstract-15 (original) (raw)
Veterinary WorldOpen access and peer reviewed journalISSN (Online): 2231-0916ISSN (Print): 0972-8988 Home l Editorial boardl Instructions for authorsl Reviewer guidelinel Open access policyl Archivesl FAQOpen Access Copyright: The authors. This article is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. Research(Published online: 27-08-2014)15.Prevalence of snail�s intermediate host infected with different trematodes cercariae in and around Ranchi- M. N. Tigga, R. K. Bauri, A. R. Deb and S. S. Kullu Veterinary World, 7(8): 630-634 doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2014.630-634 M. N. Tigga: Division of Veterinary Parasitology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India; marynisha28@gmail.comR. K. Bauri: Division of Veterinary Parasitology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India; drrkbauri@gmail.comA. R. Deb: Division of Veterinary Parasitology, Ranchi Veterinary College, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India; asitranjandeb@gmail.comS. S. Kullu Division of Animal Nutrition, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India; singrayishere@gmail.com Received: 11-05-2014, Revised: 12-07-2014, Accepted: 18-07-2014, Published online: 27-08-2014 Corresponding author: Ram Krishna Bauri, email: drrkbauri@gmail.comAbstract **Aim:**The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of snail�s intermediate host affected with larval stages of different trematodes. Materials and Methods: Snails were collected from ponds, tanks, ditches, canals and crop fields in and around Ranchi. They were transported to the laboratory in water containers and maintained in small aquaria, supplemented with natural food stuff. Then, snails were screened randomly for their infection with different trematodes by cercarial shedding method. **Result:**A total of 600 snails of different species mainly Indoplanorbis, Gyraulus, Lymnaea spp. and Vivipara were screened by cercarial shedding method out of which 44 (7.33%) were found positive for different trematodes cercariae. The percentage of infection in Indoplanorbis spp., Lymneae spp. and Gyraulus spp. were 7.22%, 8.60%, and 14.67%, respectively. Prevalence was higher in Gyraulus whereas, Vivipara did not show any infection with trematodes cercariae. Conclusion: The present study reveals that Indoplanorbis_spp., Lymnaea_ spp_._ and Gyraulus spp. are common snails found in and around Ranchi. These snails act as intermediate hosts having infective stages of parasites. Keywords: intermediate host, snails, Lymneae,Indoplanorbis, Gyraulus, Vivipara.References 1. Elsheikha, H.M. and Elshazly, A. (2008) Host-dependent variations in the seasonal prevalence and intensity of heterophyid encysted metacercaria (Digenea: Heterophyidae) in brackish water fish in Egypt. Vet. Parasitol., 153: 65�-72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2008.01.026 PMid:18339484 2. Soldanova, M., Selbach, C., Sures, B., Kostadinova, A. and P�rez-del-Olmo, A. (2010) Larval trematode communities in Radix auricularia and Lymnaea L. stagnalis in a reservoir system of the Ruhr River. Parasit. Vectors, 3: 56-68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-3-56 PMid:20576146 PMCid:PMC2910012 3. Liu, L., Mondal, M. M., Idris, M. A., Lokman, H. S., Rajapakse, P. V. J., Satrija, F., Diaz, J. L., Upatham, E. S. and Attwood, S. W. (2010) The phylogeography of Indoplanorbis exustus (Gastropoda: Planorbidae) in Asia". Parasit. Vectors, 3: 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-3-57 PMid:20602771 PMCid:PMC2914737 4. Fingerut, J., Zimmer, C., and Zimmer, R. (2003) Patterns and processes of larval emergence in an Estuarine parasite system. Biol. Bull., 205(2): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1543232 PMid:14583509 5. Graham, A. L. (2003) Effects of snail size and age on the prevalence and intensity of avian schistosome infections. J. Parasitol., 89(3): 458-63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1645/0022-3395(2003)089[0458:EOSSAA]2.0.CO;2 6. Gupta, R.P., Yadav, C.L. and Ruprah, N.S. (1987) Studies on the bionomics of some aquatic snails and their cercarial fauna of Haryana state. Indian Vet. Med. J., 11(6): 77-83. 7. Rao, N.V. S. (1989) Hand Book of Fresh Water Molluscs of India. Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta. 8. Jithendran, K.P. and Krishna, L. (1990) Fresh water aquatic snails with larval trematodes in Kangara Valley, Himachal Pradesh. J. Vet. Parasitol., 4(2): 51-53. 9. Islam, Z., Alam, M.Z., Akter, S., Roy, B.C. and Mondal, M.M.H. (2012) Distribution patterns of vector snails and Trematode cercaria in their vectors in some selected areas of Mymensingh. J. Environ. Sci. Nat. Resour., 5(2): 37-46. 10. Jayawardena, U.A., Rajakaruna, R. S. and Amerasinghe, P.H. (2010) Cercariae of trematodes in freshwater snails in three climatic zones in Sri Lanka. Cey. J. Sci. (Bio. Sci.), 39 (2): 95-108. 11. Chontananarth, T. and. Wongsawad, C. (2013) Epidemiology of cercarial stage of trematodes in freshwater snails from Chiang Mai province, Thailand. Asian Pac. J. Trop. Biomed., 3(3): 237-243. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2221-1691(13)60058-1 12. Imani-Baran, A., Yakhchali, M., Viayeh, R.M., and Farhangpajuh, F. (2011) Prevalence of Cercariae infection in Lymnaea auricularia (Linnaeus, 1758) in North West of Iran. Vet. Res. Forum., 2(2): 121-127. 13. Sharif, M., Daryani, A., and Karimi, S.A. (2010) A faunistic survey of cercariae isolated from lymnaeid snails in central areas Mazandaran, Iran. Pak. J. Biol. Sci., 13(4): 158-163. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2010.158.163 PMid:20437681 14. Yadav, C.L., Vatsya, S., Garg, R., Kumar, R.R., Banerjee, P.S. and Rajesh, G. (2007) Seasonal prevalence of Fasciola gigantica infection in sheep and goats in western Uttar Pradesh. J. Parasit. Dis., 31: 141-144. 15. Singh, A., Srivastava, S., Shekhar, C. and Singh, J. (2009) Prevalence of trematodes in bovines and snails. Indian Vet. J., 86: 206-207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12262-009-0062-z PMid:23133156 PMCid:PMC3452625 16. Loy, C. and Haas, W. (2001) Prevalence of cercariae from Lymnaea stagnalis snails in a pond system in Southern Germany. Parasitol. Res., 87(10): 878-82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004360100462 PMid:11688896 17. Pfukenyi, D.M., Monrad, J., Mukaratirwa, S., Willingham, A. L. and Monrad, D.J. (2005) Epidemiological studies of amphistome infection in cattle in the highvelved & lowvelved communal grazing areas of Zimbabwe. Onderst. J. Vet. Res., 72: 67-68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/ojvr.v72i1.224 18. Garg, R., Yadav, C.L., Kumar, R.R., Banerjee, P.S., Vatsya, S. and Godara, R. (2009) The epidemiology of fasciolosis in ruminants in different geo-climatic regions of north India. Trop. Anim. Health. Prod., 41: 1695-1700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11250-009-9367-y PMid:19455400 19. Prasad, K.D. (1973) Studies on the control of paramphistomiasis in goats. (M.V.Sc. Thesis, RAU, Pussa, Bihar. 20. Sahai, B.N. (1984) Studies on amphistomiasis and their control in Bihar. Final Annual Progress Report of the Ad-Hoc I.C.A.R. Scheme Submitted to B.A.U., Kanke, Ranchi. p1-149. 21. Rajkhowa, C., Gogoi, A.R., Borkakoty, M.R., Sharma, P.C. and Das, M.R. (1991) Cercarial fauna and their pattern in seasonal liberation from Indoplanorbis exustus in Assam. Indian J. Parasitol., 5(1): 49-52. 22. Kumar, R.R. (2002) Prevalence and control of aquatic snails vectors of helminth parasites in some areas of Jharkhand. (M.V.Sc. Thesis, BAU, Ranchi, Jharkhand). 23. Van, K.V., Dalsgaard, A., Blair, D. and Le, T.H. (2009) Haplorchis pumilio and H. taichui in Vietnam discriminated using ITS-2 DNA sequence data from adult and larvae. Exp. Parasitol., 123(2): 146-151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.exppara.2009.06.011 PMid:19545564 24. Kozak, M. and Wedrychowicz, H. (2010) The performance of a PCR assay for field studies on the prevalence of Fasciola hepatica infection in Galba truncatula intermediate host snails. Vet. Parasitol., 168(1-2): 25-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2009.10.014 PMid:19939569 25. Caron, Y., Righi, S., Lempereur, L., Saegerman, C. and Losson, B. (2011) An optimized DNA extraction and multiplex PCR for the detection of Fasciola spp. in lymnaeid snails. Vet. Parasitol, 178(1-2): 93-99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.12.020 PMid:21242033
Veterinary World Open access and peer reviewed journal ISSN (Online): 2231-0916 ISSN (Print): 0972-8988 Home l Editorial board l Instructions for authors l Reviewer guideline l Open access policy l Archives l FAQ Open Access Copyright: The authors. This article is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. Research (Published online: 27-08-2014) 15. Prevalence of snail�s intermediate host infected with different trematodes cercariae in and around Ranchi- M. N. Tigga, R. K. Bauri, A. R. Deb and S. S. Kullu Veterinary World, 7(8): 630-634 
doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2014.630-634 M. N. Tigga: Division of Veterinary Parasitology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India; marynisha28@gmail.com R. K. Bauri: Division of Veterinary Parasitology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India; drrkbauri@gmail.com A. R. Deb: Division of Veterinary Parasitology, Ranchi Veterinary College, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India; asitranjandeb@gmail.com S. S. Kullu Division of Animal Nutrition, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India; singrayishere@gmail.com Received: 11-05-2014, Revised: 12-07-2014, Accepted: 18-07-2014, Published online: 27-08-2014 Corresponding author: Ram Krishna Bauri, email: drrkbauri@gmail.com Abstract **Aim:**The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of snail�s intermediate host affected with larval stages of different trematodes. Materials and Methods: Snails were collected from ponds, tanks, ditches, canals and crop fields in and around Ranchi. They were transported to the laboratory in water containers and maintained in small aquaria, supplemented with natural food stuff. Then, snails were screened randomly for their infection with different trematodes by cercarial shedding method. **Result:**A total of 600 snails of different species mainly Indoplanorbis, Gyraulus, Lymnaea spp. and Vivipara were screened by cercarial shedding method out of which 44 (7.33%) were found positive for different trematodes cercariae. The percentage of infection in Indoplanorbis spp., Lymneae spp. and Gyraulus spp. were 7.22%, 8.60%, and 14.67%, respectively. Prevalence was higher in Gyraulus whereas, Vivipara did not show any infection with trematodes cercariae. Conclusion: The present study reveals that Indoplanorbis_spp., Lymnaea_ spp_._ and Gyraulus spp. are common snails found in and around Ranchi. These snails act as intermediate hosts having infective stages of parasites. Keywords: intermediate host, snails, Lymneae,Indoplanorbis, Gyraulus, Vivipara. References 1. Elsheikha, H.M. and Elshazly, A. (2008) Host-dependent variations in the seasonal prevalence and intensity of heterophyid encysted metacercaria (Digenea: Heterophyidae) in brackish water fish in Egypt. Vet. Parasitol., 153: 65�-72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2008.01.026 PMid:18339484 2. Soldanova, M., Selbach, C., Sures, B., Kostadinova, A. and P�rez-del-Olmo, A. (2010) Larval trematode communities in Radix auricularia and Lymnaea L. stagnalis in a reservoir system of the Ruhr River. Parasit. Vectors, 3: 56-68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-3-56 PMid:20576146 PMCid:PMC2910012 3. Liu, L., Mondal, M. M., Idris, M. A., Lokman, H. S., Rajapakse, P. V. J., Satrija, F., Diaz, J. L., Upatham, E. S. and Attwood, S. W. (2010) The phylogeography of Indoplanorbis exustus (Gastropoda: Planorbidae) in Asia". Parasit. Vectors, 3: 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-3-57 PMid:20602771 PMCid:PMC2914737 4. Fingerut, J., Zimmer, C., and Zimmer, R. (2003) Patterns and processes of larval emergence in an Estuarine parasite system. Biol. Bull., 205(2): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1543232 PMid:14583509 5. Graham, A. L. (2003) Effects of snail size and age on the prevalence and intensity of avian schistosome infections. J. Parasitol., 89(3): 458-63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1645/0022-3395(2003)089[0458:EOSSAA]2.0.CO;2 6. Gupta, R.P., Yadav, C.L. and Ruprah, N.S. (1987) Studies on the bionomics of some aquatic snails and their cercarial fauna of Haryana state. Indian Vet. Med. J., 11(6): 77-83. 7. Rao, N.V. S. (1989) Hand Book of Fresh Water Molluscs of India. Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta. 8. Jithendran, K.P. and Krishna, L. (1990) Fresh water aquatic snails with larval trematodes in Kangara Valley, Himachal Pradesh. J. Vet. Parasitol., 4(2): 51-53. 9. Islam, Z., Alam, M.Z., Akter, S., Roy, B.C. and Mondal, M.M.H. (2012) Distribution patterns of vector snails and Trematode cercaria in their vectors in some selected areas of Mymensingh. J. Environ. Sci. Nat. Resour., 5(2): 37-46. 10. Jayawardena, U.A., Rajakaruna, R. S. and Amerasinghe, P.H. (2010) Cercariae of trematodes in freshwater snails in three climatic zones in Sri Lanka. Cey. J. Sci. (Bio. Sci.), 39 (2): 95-108. 11. Chontananarth, T. and. Wongsawad, C. (2013) Epidemiology of cercarial stage of trematodes in freshwater snails from Chiang Mai province, Thailand. Asian Pac. J. Trop. Biomed., 3(3): 237-243. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2221-1691(13)60058-1 12. Imani-Baran, A., Yakhchali, M., Viayeh, R.M., and Farhangpajuh, F. (2011) Prevalence of Cercariae infection in Lymnaea auricularia (Linnaeus, 1758) in North West of Iran. Vet. Res. Forum., 2(2): 121-127. 13. Sharif, M., Daryani, A., and Karimi, S.A. (2010) A faunistic survey of cercariae isolated from lymnaeid snails in central areas Mazandaran, Iran. Pak. J. Biol. Sci., 13(4): 158-163. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2010.158.163 PMid:20437681 14. Yadav, C.L., Vatsya, S., Garg, R., Kumar, R.R., Banerjee, P.S. and Rajesh, G. (2007) Seasonal prevalence of Fasciola gigantica infection in sheep and goats in western Uttar Pradesh. J. Parasit. Dis., 31: 141-144. 15. Singh, A., Srivastava, S., Shekhar, C. and Singh, J. (2009) Prevalence of trematodes in bovines and snails. Indian Vet. J., 86: 206-207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12262-009-0062-z PMid:23133156 PMCid:PMC3452625 16. Loy, C. and Haas, W. (2001) Prevalence of cercariae from Lymnaea stagnalis snails in a pond system in Southern Germany. Parasitol. Res., 87(10): 878-82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004360100462 PMid:11688896 17. Pfukenyi, D.M., Monrad, J., Mukaratirwa, S., Willingham, A. L. and Monrad, D.J. (2005) Epidemiological studies of amphistome infection in cattle in the highvelved & lowvelved communal grazing areas of Zimbabwe. Onderst. J. Vet. Res., 72: 67-68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/ojvr.v72i1.224 18. Garg, R., Yadav, C.L., Kumar, R.R., Banerjee, P.S., Vatsya, S. and Godara, R. (2009) The epidemiology of fasciolosis in ruminants in different geo-climatic regions of north India. Trop. Anim. Health. Prod., 41: 1695-1700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11250-009-9367-y PMid:19455400 19. Prasad, K.D. (1973) Studies on the control of paramphistomiasis in goats. (M.V.Sc. Thesis, RAU, Pussa, Bihar. 20. Sahai, B.N. (1984) Studies on amphistomiasis and their control in Bihar. Final Annual Progress Report of the Ad-Hoc I.C.A.R. Scheme Submitted to B.A.U., Kanke, Ranchi. p1-149. 21. Rajkhowa, C., Gogoi, A.R., Borkakoty, M.R., Sharma, P.C. and Das, M.R. (1991) Cercarial fauna and their pattern in seasonal liberation from Indoplanorbis exustus in Assam. Indian J. Parasitol., 5(1): 49-52. 22. Kumar, R.R. (2002) Prevalence and control of aquatic snails vectors of helminth parasites in some areas of Jharkhand. (M.V.Sc. Thesis, BAU, Ranchi, Jharkhand). 23. Van, K.V., Dalsgaard, A., Blair, D. and Le, T.H. (2009) Haplorchis pumilio and H. taichui in Vietnam discriminated using ITS-2 DNA sequence data from adult and larvae. Exp. Parasitol., 123(2): 146-151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.exppara.2009.06.011 PMid:19545564 24. Kozak, M. and Wedrychowicz, H. (2010) The performance of a PCR assay for field studies on the prevalence of Fasciola hepatica infection in Galba truncatula intermediate host snails. Vet. Parasitol., 168(1-2): 25-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2009.10.014 PMid:19939569 25. Caron, Y., Righi, S., Lempereur, L., Saegerman, C. and Losson, B. (2011) An optimized DNA extraction and multiplex PCR for the detection of Fasciola spp. in lymnaeid snails. Vet. Parasitol, 178(1-2): 93-99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.12.020 PMid:21242033