AC133 Antigen, CD133, Prominin-1, Prominin-2, Etc.: Prominin Family Gene Products in Need of a Rational Nomenclature (original) (raw)

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Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics

, Pfotenhauerstrasse 108, Dresden,

Germany

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Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics

, Pfotenhauerstrasse 108, Dresden,

Germany

Medical Clinic and Polyclinic I, Technical University Dresden

, Dresden,

Germany

Correspondence: Denis Corbeil, Ph.D., Medical Clinic and Polyclinic I, Technical University Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, D-01307 Dresden, Germany. Telephone: 49-351-210-1488; Fax: 49-351-210-1489; e-mail: corbeil@mpi-cbg.de

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Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics

, Pfotenhauerstrasse 108, Dresden,

Germany

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Christine A. Fargeas, Denis Corbeil, Wieland B. Huttner, AC133 Antigen, CD133, Prominin-1, Prominin-2, Etc.: Prominin Family Gene Products in Need of a Rational Nomenclature, Stem Cells, Volume 21, Issue 4, July 2003, Pages 506–508, https://doi.org/10.1634/stemcells.21-4-506
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The pentaspan membrane glycoprotein prominin was first characterized in 1997 in two independent studies [1, 2]. The interest in this molecule has grown exponentially, since it appears to be an important cell surface marker [3, 4] widely used to identify and isolate stem cells from various sources, including the hematopoietic and central nervous systems [5, 6]. Lately, several sequences related to prominin, including splice variants, have been reported, with sometimes confusing, if not whimsical, designations (Table 1). We therefore wish to contribute to the clarification of this issue by proposing a revised and simplified nomenclature for the members of the growing prominin family, including splice variants.

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Prominin/CD133

Prominin was originally identified in mouse neuroepithelial stem cells [1]. Its exact function being unknown, this glycoprotein was named prominin because of its notable subcellular localization in plasma membrane protrusions (from the Latin word prominere, to be prominent). In humans, this protein was originally identified as an antigenic marker expressed on hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells and referred to as AC133 antigen [2, 5]. Although this antigen displayed an identical membrane topology to mouse prominin (Fig. 1) [1, 2], there was uncertainty as to their relationship [7, 8] because of, among other reasons, the low level of amino acid identity and the unfaithful detection in certain tissues of the human gene products by the AC133 antibody (Miltenyi Biotech; Gladbach, Germany; http//www.miltenyibiotech.com), which binds to a glycosylation-dependent epitope [2]. Once it was demonstrated that both mouse prominin and the human AC133 antigen show similar cellular distribution and subcellular localization [9], it was proposed that the AC133 antigen be referred to as “prominin (mouse)-like 1” (PROML1) [9] until the completion of the sequencing of the human genome. It is now clear that the human genome does not contain any open reading frame more closely related to mouse prominin than PROML1. Hence in the meantime, human prominin was also assigned the designation “CD133” [10].

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