Cardiovascular Prevention and Pharmacotherapy (original) (raw)

Fig. 1. Paradigm shift of diabetes care from glucocentric to organ protection. UKPDS, UK Prospective Diabetes Study; ACCORD, Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes; ADVANCE, Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Preterax and Diamicron Modified Release Controlled Evaluation; VADT, Veterans Affairs Diabetes Trial; EMPA-REG, Empagliflozin Cardiovascular Outcome Event Trial in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Diabetes Mellitus Patients-Removing Excess Glucose; LEADER, Liraglutide Effect and Action in Diabetes; A1c, glycated hemoglobin; HF, heart failure; eASCVD, established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease; CKD, chronic kidney disease. a)Major recommendations for choosing a glucose-lowering agent after diabetes education for lifestyle modification and initial treatment with metformin otherwise severe hyperglycemia in 2007, 2011, and 2021 (from left to right, Ko et al. [12], Ko et al. [26], and Hur et al. [34], respectively). Adapted from Won et al. [27], available under the the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License.