The extraretinal signal for the visual perception of direction (original) (raw)
Abstract
The dependence of the perception of direction on two kinds of extraretinal signals was measured by asking Ss to indicate the position of a fixation target relative to the subjective straight ahead. Outflow was studied by making such localizations while the fixating eye was loaded by means of weights attached to a suction contact lens. Inflow was studied by making such localizations with brief test flashes to a passively rotated eye while the other eye fixated. Shifts in the perceived direction, of the fixation target were in line with predictions from outflow theory and not influenced by conflicting inflow signals.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
References
- ALPERN, M. Types of movement. In H. Davsod (Ed.),The eye. New York: Academic Press, 1962. Pp. 91–93.
Google Scholar - BRINDLEY, G. S., & MERTON, P. A. The absence of position sense in the human eye. Journal of Physiology, 1960, 153, 127–130.
PubMed Google Scholar - HELMHOLTZ, H. von.Treatise on physiological optics. (Trans. J. P. C. Southall) Vol. 3. New York: Dover, 1962. Pp. 242–246.
Google Scholar - IRVINE, S. R., & LUDVIGH, E. J. Is ocular proprioceptive sense concerned in vision? Archives of Ophthomology, 1936, 15, 1037–1049.
Google Scholar - KELLER, E. L., & ROBINSON, D. A. Absence of a stretch reflex in extraocular muscles of the monkey. Journal of Neurophysiology, 1971, 34, 908–919.
PubMed Google Scholar - KORNMULLER, A. E. Eine experimentelle Anästhesie der äusseren Augenmuskeln am Menschen und ihre Auswirkungen. Journal of Psychology & Neurology, Leipzig, 1931, 41, 354–366.
Google Scholar - MATIN, L., MATIN, E., & PEARCE, D. Visual perception of direction when voluntary saccades occur. I. Relation of visual direction of a fixation target extinguished before a saccade to a flash presented during the saccade. Perception & Psychophysics, 1969, 5, 65–80.
Google Scholar - PUCKETT, J. Dew., & STEINMAN, R. M. Tracking eye movements with and without saccadic correction. Vision Research, 1969, 9, 695–703.
Article PubMed Google Scholar - ROBINSON, D. A. The mechanics of human saccadic eye movement. Journal of Physiology, 1964, 174, 245–264.
PubMed Google Scholar - ROBINSON, D. A. The oculomotor control system: A review. Proceedings of the I.E.E.E., 1968, 56, 1032–1049.
Google Scholar - SHERRINGTON, C. S. Observations on the sensual role of the proprioceptive nerve-supply of the extrinsic ocular muscles. Brain, 1918, 41, 332–343.
Article Google Scholar - SKAVENSKI, A. A. Extraretinal correction and memory for target position. Vision Research, 1971, 11, 743–746.
Article PubMed Google Scholar - SKAVENSKI, A. A. Inflow as a source of extraretinal eye position information. Vision Research, 1972, 12, 221–229.
Article PubMed Google Scholar - SKAVENSKI, A. A., & STEINMAN, R. M., Control of eye position in the dark. Vision Research, 1970, 10, 193–203.
Article PubMed Google Scholar - STEINMAN, R. M., CUNITZ, R. J., TIMBERLAKE, G. T., & HERMAN, M. Voluntary control of microsaccades during maintained monocular fixation. Science, 1967, 155, 1577–1579.
Article PubMed Google Scholar
Author information
Author notes
- Alexander A. Skavenski
Present address: School of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, 21205, Baltimore, Maryland
Authors and Affiliations
- University of Maryland, 20742, College Park, Maryland
Alexander A. Skavenski, Genevieve Haddad & Robert M. Steinman
Authors
- Alexander A. Skavenski
- Genevieve Haddad
- Robert M. Steinman
Additional information
Supported by Grant EY325 from the National Eye Institute. Address reprint requests to R. M. Steinman, Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742. The authors thank Dr. David A. Robinson for his helpful criticisms and suggestions. Most of the information contained in this paper was reported at the A.R.V.O. meeting of April 1971 at Sarasota, Florida.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Skavenski, A.A., Haddad, G. & Steinman, R.M. The extraretinal signal for the visual perception of direction.Perception & Psychophysics 11, 287–290 (1972). https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03210380
- Accepted: 22 September 1971
- Issue date: July 1972
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03210380