Diabetes & Metabolism Journal (original) (raw)

Table 1. Baseline characteristics of the study population according to u-NCR levels

Values are presented as mean±standard deviation, number (%), or median (interquartile range).

u-NCR, urinary N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase to creatinine ratio; Cr, creatinine; BMI, body mass index; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin; HOMA-β, homeostasis model assessment-β; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; CKD, chronic kidney disease; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; CKD-EPI, chronic kidney disease epidemiology collaboration; u-ACR, urinary albumin to creatinine ratio; u-PCR, urinary protein to creatinine ratio; CAP, controlled attenuation parameter; NLFS, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) liver fat score; FSI, Framingham steatosis index; LSM, liver stiffness measurement; FIB-4, Fibrosis-4-calculator; NFS, NAFLD fibrosis score; F0–1, no fibrosis and mild fibrosis; F2, significant fibrosis.

a

Statistical significance at P<0.05.

Table 2. Correlation between u-NCR and other parameters in type 2 diabetes mellitus

u-NCR, urinary N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase to creatinine ratio; BMI, body mass index; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin; HOMA-β, homeostasis model assessment-β; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; CKD-EPI, chronic kidney disease epidemiology collaboration; u-ACR, urinary albumin to creatinine ratio; u-PCR, urinary protein to creatinine ratio; NLFS, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) liver fat score; FSI, Framingham steatosis index; FIB-4, fibrosis-4-calculator; NFS, NAFLD fibrosis score.

a

Statistical significance at P<0.05,

b

Log transformed form.

Table 3. Multiple linear regression models for liver stiffness measurement according to u-NCR in insulin non-users (n=249)

Model 1 was adjusted for age, male sex, BMI, and duration of diabetes; Model 2 adjusted for Model 1 parameters plus hypertension, lipid medication; Model 3 adjusted for Model 2 parameters plus triglyceride, ALT, HOMA-IR; Model 4 adjusted for Model 3 parameters plus HbA1c, HOMA-β.

u-NCR, urinary N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase to creatinine ratio; STD, standardized; BMI, body mass index; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin; HOMA-β, homeostasis model assessment-β.

a

Statistical significance at P<0.05,

b

Log transformed form.