Aberrant Food Choices after Satiation in Human Orexin-Deficient Narcolepsy Type 1 (original) (raw)
Journal Article
1Department of Neurology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
2Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
3Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
*Address correspondence to: Ruth J. van Holst, PhD, Kapittelweg 296525 EN Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Tel: +31-24-3668293; Email: [email protected]
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Lisa van der Cruijsen, MSc
2Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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4Sleep Medicine Center Kempenhaeghe, Heeze, The Netherlands
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Gert Jan Lammers, MD, PhD
5Sleep-Wake Center SEIN, Heemstede, The Netherlands
6Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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2Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
7Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Sebastiaan Overeem, MD, PhD
1Department of Neurology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
4Sleep Medicine Center Kempenhaeghe, Heeze, The Netherlands
8Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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2Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
DISCLOSURE STATEMENT
This was not an industry supported study. This study was supported by a VIDI grant from the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research awarded to Dr. Overeem (grant no. 016.116.371). Dr. Aarts was supported by a VENI grant from the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) (016.135.023). Dr. Overeem has received research support from UCB Pharma and is on the speakers bureau for UCB Pharma, Boehringer Ingelheim, and Novartis. Dr. Aarts has received research support from Wrigley (Mars Inc.) and Mead Johnson Nutrition. Dr. Lammers has received research support from UCB Pharma and consulted for UCB Pharma, Jazz, and Bioprojet. The other authors have indicated no financial conflicts of interest. The work was performed at the Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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Revision received:
01 June 2016
Published:
01 November 2016
Cite
Ruth Janke van Holst, Lisa van der Cruijsen, Petra van Mierlo, Gert Jan Lammers, Roshan Cools, Sebastiaan Overeem, Esther Aarts, Aberrant Food Choices after Satiation in Human Orexin-Deficient Narcolepsy Type 1, Sleep, Volume 39, Issue 11, 1 November 2016, Pages 1951–1959, https://doi.org/10.5665/sleep.6222
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Abstract
Study Objectives:
Besides influencing vigilance, orexin neurotransmission serves a variety of functions, including reward, motivation, and appetite regulation. As obesity is an important symptom in orexin-deficient narcolepsy, we explored the effects of satiety on food-related choices and spontaneous snack intake in patients with narcolepsy type 1 (n = 24) compared with healthy matched controls (n = 19). In additional analyses, we also included patients with idiopathic hypersomnia (n = 14) to assess sleepiness-related influences.
Methods:
Participants were first trained on a choice task to earn salty and sweet snacks. Next, one of the snack outcomes was devalued by having participants consume it until satiation (i.e., sensory-specific satiety). We then measured the selective reduction in choices for the devalued snack outcome. Finally, we assessed the number of calories that participants consumed spontaneously from ad libitum available snacks afterwards.
Results:
After satiety, all participants reported reduced hunger and less wanting for the devalued snack. However, while controls and idiopathic hypersomnia patients chose the devalued snack less often in the choice task, patients with narcolepsy still chose the devalued snack as often as before satiety. Subsequently, narcolepsy patients spontaneously consumed almost 4 times more calories during ad libitum snack intake.
Conclusions:
We show that the manipulation of food-specific satiety has reduced effects on food choices and caloric intake in narcolepsy type 1 patients. These mechanisms may contribute to their obesity, and suggest an important functional role for orexin in human eating behavior.
Clinical Trials Registration:
Study registered at Netherlands Trial Register. URL: www.trialregister.nl. Trial ID: NTR4508.
© 2016 Associated Professional Sleep Societies, LLC.
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