Trilok Singh | University of Delhi (original) (raw)

Global Publications by Trilok Singh

Sooper Articles, 2022

In this article, I will explain the implications of the virtualization of global politics, how it... more In this article, I will explain the implications of the virtualization of global politics, how it is changing the way that political parties communicate with voters, how it is affecting the way that policy is made, how digital media including social media is changing the nature of politics and what this means for the future of democracy. From online campaigning to fake news to cyber warfare. The virtualization of politics is still in its early stages, but it is already having a major impact on the way elections are fought and won. We can only imagine what the future holds for this new form of digital campaigning.

Sooper Articles, 2022

The drawn out Ukraine-Russia struggle bringing about President Vladimir Putin requesting military... more The drawn out Ukraine-Russia struggle bringing about President Vladimir Putin requesting military activity against the adjoining nation, must be found in the background of three perspective changes that impacted the US-Russia relations after the coming of the Biden Administration. The upgraded US President contacted

Post A2Z, 2021

Post A2Z is a modern social media platform for sharing media content, an analogue of social netwo... more Post A2Z is a modern social media platform for sharing media content, an analogue of social networks. It is an Ultimate Hypertext Preprocessor (PHP) based Platform that supports a ‘friends system’ like the world's leading social networking sites (SNSs) where users can create individual public profiles, interact with real-life friends, and meet other people based on shared interests. Importantly, Post A2Z Application/Messenger or website helps you to chat, post, share and earn money. It also helps you keep updated with the latest news and events worldwide. It’s Marketplace has an integrated e-commerce channel to help buyers and sellers, this service is offered by Post A2Z at no cost. Thus, It is an advanced social media platform where you can connect with people, grow business and career worldwide. Additionally, the code structure of this platform has a full Application Programming Interface (API) system, which makes it unique and more powerful than other social networking scripts.

Sooper Articles, United Kingdom, 2019

Ahead of the Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi United State (US) visit showcased India's emergenc... more Ahead of the Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi United State (US) visit showcased India's emergence as a superpower by many fold. Here, The 'global community' witnessed that how Indian PM was welcomed and appreciated by top-up leaders of the US from Jam-Packed Stadium to United state general assembly (UNGA) at large. Further, The "Howdy Modi" event extravaganza at 'Houston' so meticulously planned and scripted became an powerful platform from where India's foreign, domestic and economic policies would be defined and reaffirmed by the PM for the benefit of the entire world and an assertion made of India's arrival as a superpower. Notably, The 2019 General Elections victory of Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) with a majority much bigger than what they got in 2014 parliamentary elections has largely impacted the globe.

Sooper Articles, United State, 2019

Ahead of Prime Minister Modi's and Trump's address in Houston on Sep 22, Indian-American artists ... more Ahead of Prime Minister Modi's and Trump's address in Houston on Sep 22, Indian-American artists from Texas & elsewhere performed cultural programmes, PM Modi presented with the keys to the Houston City by its Mayor Sylvester Turner on his arrival at the ''Howdy Modi'' mega event as the mark of respect and the long standing India-Houston ties worldwide.

Youth Darpan (New Delhi, India), 2019

Father of the Nation, Mahatma Gandhi Ji is ‘set to return to life’ in the form of a ‘hologram’ at... more Father of the Nation, Mahatma Gandhi Ji is ‘set to return to life’ in the form of a ‘hologram’ at UNESCO, ‘Paris’ to mark the “International Day of Non Violence 2019”. Further, The life size ‘3D hologram’ will ‘address audience’ to explain the Gandhi’s philosophy. As per the plans, the 3D hologram would speak for 2 to 3 minutes to set the tone for the ‘panel discussion’ and It would also indulge in a series of question answer session, during which he will answer 5 questions. “The talk will be extracted with due reference of his writings on Satyagraha, Ahinsa, Kindness, critical inquiry and education”.

Op India (New Delhi, India), 2019

On Aug 28, The annual 12th India Security Summit on ”Towards New National Cyber Security Strategy... more On Aug 28, The annual 12th India Security Summit on ”Towards New National Cyber Security Strategy”, was successfully organized by the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India (ASSOCHAM) on Aug 28, which creates a platform for the Central Ministries, State Governments, Academia, Industry and other global stakeholders to come together and deliberate on the way forward. Experienced cyberterrorists, who are very skilled in terms of hacking can cause massive damage to government systems, hospital records, and national security programs, which might leave a country, community or organization in turmoil and in fear of further attacks.

Sooper Articles (United Kingdom), 2019

Several facts suggested that the country has acquired a ‘top hosting position’ in ‘space technolo... more Several facts suggested that the country has acquired a ‘top hosting position’ in ‘space technology’ worldwide. In the wake of Chandrayaan 2, On Sep 07, The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has lauded India’s historic Chandrayaan-2 mission, adding that the Indian Space Research Organisation’s (ISRO) attempt to soft-land ‘Vikram module’ on the lunar South Pole has “inspired” it and the United State (US) space agency is looking forward to explore the “solar system” with its Indian counterpart. However, The US space agency offer for joint exploration came even as ISRO launch its first mission to study the sun (Aditya L-1 solar mission).

Youth Darpan (New Delhi, India), 2019

Ahead of the 100 days of Modi 2.0 administration, The Union Government of India has taken various... more Ahead of the 100 days of Modi 2.0 administration, The Union Government of India has taken various landmark and historic decisions at an unprecedented scale. As per the, Union Minister Prakash Javadekar released a booklet titled, "Jan Connect" and inaugurated exhibition on Furthering India’s Development - 100 days of "Bold Initiatives and Decisive Actions" by the government. In the wake of historic Chandrayaan 2 mission, The Minister also lauded the encouragement & sensitivity of PM Narendra Modi administration towards the dedicated scientists at Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and boost to the scientific community at large scale, The Information and Broadcasting Minister remarked on Sep 08.

IASmind.com (New Delhi, India), 2019

Expressing concern over the massive extraction of groundwater for agriculture, the Economic Surve... more Expressing concern over the massive extraction of groundwater for agriculture, the Economic Survey 2019 has recommended adoption of micro-irrigation systems (MI) to improve water use efficiency. It can be seen that the states with penetration and improved adoption of MI systems have almost 40 to 50% savings in energy and fertilizer consumption, remarked the survey presented in Parliament by Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman on July 4, this year.

Sooper Articles (United Kingdom), 2017

As​ ​ we​ ​ know​ ​ that,​ ​ rapid​ ​ rural​ ​ employment​ ​ growth​ ​ and​ ​ agriculture​ ​ grow... more As​ ​ we​ ​ know​ ​ that,​ ​ rapid​ ​ rural​ ​ employment​ ​ growth​ ​ and​ ​ agriculture​ ​ growth​ ​ were​ ​ always​ ​ the​ ​ main focus​ ​ of​ ​ India's​ ​ top​ ​ policy​ ​ makers.​ ​ In​ ​ order​ ​ to​ ​ this;​ ​ Education,​ ​ Health,​ ​ human​ ​ security​ ​ as​ ​ well​ ​ as cyber​ ​ security,​ ​ infrastructure​ ​ and​ ​ agricultural​ ​ structure​ ​ are​ ​ becomes​ ​ the​ ​ most​ ​ significant determinants​ ​ of​ ​ India's​ ​ growth/development​ ​ or​ ​ Rural​ ​ development​ ​ of​ ​ India.​ ​ We​ ​ "​ Need​ ​ for massive​ ​ increase​ ​ in​ ​ investments​ ​ for​ ​ Education,​ ​ health,​ ​ agriculture,​ ​ human​ ​ security​ ​ (Also, Cyber​ ​ Security)​ ​ and​ ​ Rural​ ​ infrastructure​ ​ by​ ​ simultaneously​ ​ improving​ ​ the​ ​ Institutions​ ​ For batter​ ​ delivery​ ​ systems.​ ​ Government​ ​ is​ ​ thinking​ ​ for​ ​ big​ ​ puss​ ​ to​ ​ health​ ​ and​ ​ education​ ​ in such​ ​ plans.​ ​ Significantly,​ ​ such​ ​ a​ ​ big​ ​ push​ ​ is​ ​ also​ ​ needed​ ​ for​ ​ agriculture​ ​ sector​ ​ for​ ​ food security,​ ​ sustainability,​ ​ livelihoods,​ ​ and​ ​ transformations​ ​ too".​ ​ ​ With​ ​ the​ ​ same​ ​ light,​ ​ we​ ​ need to​ ​ keep​ ​ in​ ​ mind​ ​ above​ ​ while​ ​ dealings​ ​ with​ ​ 'The​ ​ latest​ ​ story​ ​ of​ ​ India's​ ​ Rural​ ​ Transformation'.​ ​ ​ In this​ ​ very​ ​ writing​ ​ attempt​ ​ has​ ​ been​ ​ made​ ​ to​ ​ understand​ ​ the​ ​ changing​ ​ notion​ ​ of​ ​ rural​ ​ development and​ ​ assess​ ​ the​ ​ role​ ​ of​ ​ present​ ​ government​ ​ about​ ​ the​ ​ same..​ ​ However,​ ​ in​ ​ India​ ​ rural development​ ​ paradigm​ ​ differ​ ​ hugely​ ​ on​ ​ account​ ​ of​ ​ myriad​ ​ societal​ ​ and​ ​ economic​ ​ norms. Therefore,​ ​ there​ ​ are​ ​ hardly​ ​ any​ ​ universal​ ​ notion​ ​ of​ ​ rural​ ​ development​ ​ due​ ​ to​ ​ changing​ ​ context that​ ​ we​ ​ need​ ​ to​ ​ keep​ ​ in​ ​ mind​ ​ while​ ​ dealing​ ​ with​ ​ the​ ​ concept​ ​ of​ ​ ​ 'The​ ​ Latest​ ​ Story​ ​ of​ ​ India's Rural​ ​ Transformation'​ .. Preface In​ ​ India​ ​ the​ ​ rapid​ ​ growth​ ​ has​ ​ been​ ​ both​ ​ ​ " sustainable​ ​ and​ ​ inclusive " ​ ​ ​ but​ ​ it​ ​ poses​ ​ formidable challenge​ ​ for​ ​ existing​ ​ rural​ ​ panning​ ​ in​ ​ India​ ​ in​ ​ order​ ​ to​ ​ agriculture​ ​ and​ ​ such​ ​ other​ ​ schemes. Also,​ ​ The​ ​ process​ ​ of​ ​ urbanization​ ​ can​ ​ be​ ​ carried​ ​ out​ ​ by​ ​ creating​ ​ additional​ ​ space​ ​ for​ ​ them​ ​ who are​ ​ yet​ ​ to​ ​ become​ ​ the​ ​ part​ ​ of​ ​ process.​ ​ Redistribution​ ​ of​ ​ resources​ ​ and​ ​ people​ ​ has​ ​ to​ ​ be​ ​ there​ ​ in order​ ​ to​ ​ make​ ​ our​ ​ villages​ ​ more​ ​ equitable​ ​ that​ ​ can​ ​ be​ ​ done​ ​ only​ ​ when​ ​ there​ ​ is​ ​ a​ ​ equal​ ​ amount of​ ​ share​ ​ between​ ​ rural​ ​ and​ ​ urban​ ​ sphere.​ ​ Our​ ​ effort​ ​ is​ ​ here​ ​ to​ ​ assess​ ​ the​ ​ major​ ​ aspects​ ​ of Rural​ ​ panning​ ​ in​ ​ India.​ ​ ​ Hence,​ ​ ​ focus​ ​ is​ ​ on​ ​ reorientation​ ​ of​ ​ rural​ ​ planning​ ​ to​ ​ address​ ​ the​ ​ long standing​ ​ challenges​ ​ of​ ​ rural​ ​ areas,​ ​ which​ ​ are​ ​ likely​ ​ to​ ​ be​ ​ very​ ​ important​ ​ in​ ​ India's​ ​ current​ ​ stage of​ ​ rural​ ​ development.​ ​ The​ ​ faster​ ​ growing​ ​ States​ ​ had​ ​ formulated​ ​ laws​ ​ for​ ​ amalgamation​ ​ of​ ​ farm holdings​ ​ into​ ​ viable​ ​ units​ ​ for​ ​ investments,​ ​ productivity​ ​ and​ ​ growth.​ ​ Indian​ ​ farmers​ ​ were​ ​ always concerned​ ​ about​ ​ the​ ​ availability​ ​ of​ ​ adequate​ ​ credit​ ​ at​ ​ reasonable​ ​ cost​ ​ in​ ​ a​ ​ timely​ ​ manner.

Book Reviews by Trilok Singh

India's Journal, 2019

Go beyond defining mountains only by their height, though the summit of a peak is nothing more th... more Go beyond defining mountains only by their height, though the summit of a peak is nothing more than the point where it gives way to clouds and the sky; next, ponder over a paradigm shift in ancient Indian history in the modern day search for the mythical Sarasvati river; and finally, make your way through an emphatic and enhanced collection of stories about Tibetan refugees starting anew in India. The bookshelf has a mixed bag to offer this weekend. Immerse yourself as you acquire knowledge.

YOUTH DARPAN, 2018

The latest literature on, “Politics for a New India: A Nationalistic Perspective”, Edited by Prof... more The latest literature on, “Politics for a New India: A Nationalistic Perspective”, Edited by Prof. Shri Prakash Singh. This variety of literature offers a modest attempt to seek an identity for “Bharatiya Ways of Study” and move away from the ‘Western Domination’ in Social Science. This literature aims at setting an alternative discourse in Political Science as against hegemonic discourse to diversify the outlook amenable to the historical and cultural context of India. Many Experts believes that this book may be treated, but with precaution, as Indigenization of Political Science in India.

YOUTH DARPAN, 2018

The latest literature on "India After Modi: Populism and the Right" by Prof., Ajay Gudavarthy, at... more The latest literature on "India After Modi: Populism and the Right" by Prof., Ajay Gudavarthy, attempts has been made to understand the 'Populism' in depth and the 'politics of right' in a well documented and highly researched manners. The variety of topics offers a modest attempt to cycle several issues. Gudavarthy, turns relevantly on 'Indian Democracy' after Narendra Modi took over as the Prime Minister in 2014. The Author, is associate professor, Centre for Political Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University.

YOUTH DARPAN, 2019

India is highly vulnerable to terrorism and security concerns, frequent terror attacks in India r... more India is highly vulnerable to terrorism and security concerns, frequent terror attacks in India remains one of the important determinants in pulling its growth down, but it is not limited to India or few countries, now it has spread almost all over the world. Security issues today is a global menace, as inequality is there in every country, although in a different degree. Those who are dissatisfied with the authority adopt the method of violence to show their dissatisfaction. One more thing which can be seen today as a major cause of the same is religious intolerance. For an example recent terror attacks in Sri lanka after the pulwama attacks in India, and attacks on Charlie Hebdo office in Paris, frequent murders of bloggers in Bangladesh, the ongoing war in Syria etc. Even the most developed countries like U.S.A and Russia are also facing these kind of problems. Such wars not only affect the victim country but also its neighboring countries as they face the problem of unwanted refugees. Such terror attacks are done purposefully to attract the attention of authority, their objective is to capture political power.

Research Papers by Trilok Singh

India's Journal, 2017

In this very writing attempt has been made to understand the relevancy of Gandhi’s thoughts and h... more In this very writing attempt has been made to understand the relevancy of Gandhi’s thoughts and his vision about the same. However, in India Gandhian paradigm differ hugely on account of myriad Political, Societal and Economic norms. For me, Gandhi's greatness lies in the fact that his qualities can be admired at many different levels/layers. Gandhi, Inclusive growth and felt that Indian can only become a great nation when its teeming and impoverished rural masses become better off. He therefore focused on rural development and felt intuitively that future of India is an decentralized rural development. This vision which he stated in 1920’s is even more valid today.. More Significant episode from the life of Gandhi harbors a valuable message for us. By practicing it through the rest of her life, Kasturba had inadvertently demonstrated Swachhta Hi Vyavhaar, Cleanliness is Behaviour. It could be the message for the top-up campaign next year.

India's Journal, Jun 20, 2019

As per the recent data analysis by World Health Organisation (WHO), World Bank (WB) and United Na... more As per the recent data analysis by World Health Organisation (WHO), World Bank (WB) and United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF), and its comparative study with statistics for Bihar's "Muzaffarpur district" has remarked that when it comes to 'nutrition of child' and mother, most African countries were perform better than Muzaffarpur district. As per the report asserted, Not just in this case, Africa outperforms Bihar's Muzaffarpur even in checking the prevalence of wasting (being too thin for their height) among children. Moreover, WHO data for its Africa region proven that 43 African countries have lower prevalence of stunted children than this district. WHO estimates that every year nearly 2.7 million children die due to undernutrition worldwide. Despite this just 7.8% children (6-23 months) receive an adequate diet in Muzaffarpur district in Bihar.

This article examines how orthodox ideas of 'women empowerment' have changed for women living in ... more This article examines how orthodox ideas of 'women empowerment' have changed for women living in the context of insecurity, examining many facts related to declining ​ 'Child Sex Ratio' (CSR) in throughout India. The article explains, what kind of sex ratio we have in India, provides fluctuating official data of 'decreasing child sex ratio' in the country, reasons behind decreasing the CSR and wayout to equalise the same in India. It is observed that number of girls as against boys in certain states is declining which is a matter of great concern. The females are even coerced to give birth to male child. Notably, India has 63 million 'missing' women and 21 million unwanted girls. In such circumstances education of women needs to be used and effective means for their empowerment and education will prepare

Teaching Documents by Trilok Singh

Youth Darpan, (New Delhi, India), 2019

Every year our country celebrates Engineer’s Day on September 15, the birth anniversary of Moksha... more Every year our country celebrates Engineer’s Day on September 15, the birth anniversary of Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya (Bharat Ratna), the engineering pioneer of India. Popularly known as 'Sir MV' (15 September 1861 - 12 April 1962) and the 'builder of India'. A civil engineer and statesman, He was born on this day in 1861 in Muddenahalli village (Now Karnataka).

Unfortunately, He lost his father at the age of just 12. In 1881, he received Graduation degree from Central College, Bangalore (then affiliated to University of Madras). He then enrolled at College of Engineering, Pune and received LCE (Licentiate in Civil Engineering), which is equivalent to DCE (Diploma in Civil Engineering), from University of Bombay to which the college was affiliated then. He took a job with the PWD of Bombay (Mumbai) and later was invited to join the Indian Irrigation Commission.

During his service with Government of Mysore state, he was responsible for founding of (under the patronage of the Mysore government) Mysore Soap Factory, Parasitoid Laboratory, Mysore Iron & Steel Works (now known as Viswesvarayya Iron and Steel Limited) in Bhadravathi, Sri Jayachamarajendra Polytechnic Bangalore, Bangalore Agricultural University, State Bank of Mysore, Century Club, Mysore Chamber of Commerce (Federation of Karnataka Chambers of Commerce & Industry), apex Chamber of Commerce in Karnataka, University Visvesvaraya College of Engineering (Bangalore) and numerous other industrial ventures, As per available data.Significantly, Sir MV was awarded Nation's highest honour, for his exceptional contribution to the 'building of India' in 1955. Beside this, he was also awarded the British knighthood by King George V, which prefixed 'sir' to his name.. Greatly, He had designed and patented a system of automatic weir water floodgates that were first installed in 1903 at Khadakvasla Reservoir near Pune.

These 'gates' were employed to raise flood supply level of storage in reservoir to the highest level likely to be attained without causing any damage to the dam. Based on the success of these gates, the same system was installed at the Tigra Dam in Gwalior and Krishna Raja Sagara (KRS) Dam in Mysore, Karnataka.

Meanwhile, Vice President M Venkaiah Naidu and Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Sep 15 greeted engineers on "Engineers Day", describing them as those synonymous with diligence and determination. Engineers Day is observed to mark the birth anniversary of acclaimed civil engineer M Visvesvaraya. "Engineers are synonymous with diligence and determination. Human progress would be incomplete without their innovative zeal," the prime minister stated in a tweet. Greeting the "hardworking engineers", Narendra Modi also paid tributes to Visvesvaraya.Vice President Of India, V. Naidu greeted that, He was a civil engineer par excellence, who harnessed India''s water resources through dams. "M Visvesvaraya was a visionary. The nation is ever grateful to his invaluable contribution." I convey my warm greetings and good wishes to engineers on the occasion of Engineers Day celebrated as a mark of respect to Shri Visvesvaraya, The Vice President asserted. While Delhi Metro Rail Corporation (DMRC) asserted that, "A dream, an engineering marvel, that was envisioned 25 years ago for the people of Delhi & everyone who continues to come to this city with dreams. Delhi Metro wouldn't have been possible without the engineers involved, who made this ambitious project a success".

Moreover, Business tycoon and chairman of Mahindra Group Anand Mahindra also took to Twitter to cheer for engineers on this day by sharing a small video as a tribute. "Interesting that Engineer's Day is being celebrated today. He said that, "I guess the brains of Engineers truly are at work even on holidays!" Also, He shared a small video showing a little girl building a car race track from scratch all by herself". "At Mahindra, we celebrate all our past and present engineers, and as this film shows, we are cheering on all our future engineers as well!" Mr Anand Mahindra asserted.

In the early 20th century, Sir MV became the chief engineer of the Krishna Raja Sagara Dam project in Mysore, which was then the biggest in Asia. In 1909, the master-builder was appointed as the special consultant engineer to make Hyderabad flood-proof in the face of approaching floods. His work even prevented Visakhapatnam port from sea erosion as well. Also, He implemented an extremely intricate system of irrigation in 'Deccan' and 'encouraged private investment in industry' during his tenure as Diwan of Mysore. Thus, He was called "Father of Modern Mysore State".

IASmind.com, 2019

साल 1947 में जब भारत आजाद हुआ तो हमारे समक्ष भाषा को लेकर सबसे बड़ा सवाल था, क्योंकि भारत में सैक... more साल 1947 में जब भारत आजाद हुआ तो हमारे समक्ष भाषा को लेकर सबसे बड़ा सवाल था, क्योंकि भारत में सैकड़ों भाषाएं और बोलियां बोली जाती है। हालाँकि, संविधान सभा ने अपना "26 नवंबर 1949" को संविधान के अंतिम प्रारूप को मंजूरी दे दी। और 14 सितंबर 1949 को संविधान सभा ने एक मत से निर्णय लिया कि हिंदी ही भारत की राजभाषा होगी। इस प्रकार भारत में प्रत्येक वर्ष 14 सितम्बर को हिंदी दिवस मनाया जाता है और इस दिन हिंदी से सम्बंधित विभिन्न कार्यों को व्यापक स्तर पर भिन्न-भिन्न तरीकों से प्रोत्साहित किया जाता है।

डाउनलोड करें, वैश्विक परिदृश्य में हिंदी की प्रासंगिकता और स्वीकार्यता

केंद्रीय शासन व्यवस्था द्वारा भी इसे आधिकारिक रूप से व्यापक स्तर पर मनाया जाता है। हिंदी हमारी मातृभाषा है और इसे देश का प्रत्येक नागरिक अपने सम्मान के लिए बोलता है। दुर्भाग्यवश, आधुनिक समय में जिसमें कि तकनीकी विकास और आर्थिक उन्नति के द्वारा हिंदी की प्रासंगिकता और स्वीकार्यता लोगों में कम होती जा रही है। समकालीन परिदृश्य में, कुछ शोध अध्ययन यह भी इंगित करता है कि 'इंग्लिश/अंग्रेजी' को लोगों द्वारा, 'सभी क्षेत्रों' में सफलता की कुंजी माना जा रहा है परन्तु हमें ये नहीं भूलना चाहिए कि "मातृभाषा के द्वारा ज्ञान प्राप्त करके भी सफलता को अर्जित किया जा सकता है"। अतः किसी भी देश के लिए उसकी भाषा और संस्कृति बहुत महत्वपूर्ण और निर्णायक भूमिका निभाती है। 21वीं सदी में जैसे-जैसे हम आगे बढ़ रहे हैं, वैसे ही हिंदी के इस्तेमाल और प्रासंगिकता को बताने और इस भाषा को आगे प्रोत्साहित करने वाले भी दिन-प्रतिदिन बढ़ रहे हैं।

Sooper Articles, 2022

In this article, I will explain the implications of the virtualization of global politics, how it... more In this article, I will explain the implications of the virtualization of global politics, how it is changing the way that political parties communicate with voters, how it is affecting the way that policy is made, how digital media including social media is changing the nature of politics and what this means for the future of democracy. From online campaigning to fake news to cyber warfare. The virtualization of politics is still in its early stages, but it is already having a major impact on the way elections are fought and won. We can only imagine what the future holds for this new form of digital campaigning.

Sooper Articles, 2022

The drawn out Ukraine-Russia struggle bringing about President Vladimir Putin requesting military... more The drawn out Ukraine-Russia struggle bringing about President Vladimir Putin requesting military activity against the adjoining nation, must be found in the background of three perspective changes that impacted the US-Russia relations after the coming of the Biden Administration. The upgraded US President contacted

Post A2Z, 2021

Post A2Z is a modern social media platform for sharing media content, an analogue of social netwo... more Post A2Z is a modern social media platform for sharing media content, an analogue of social networks. It is an Ultimate Hypertext Preprocessor (PHP) based Platform that supports a ‘friends system’ like the world's leading social networking sites (SNSs) where users can create individual public profiles, interact with real-life friends, and meet other people based on shared interests. Importantly, Post A2Z Application/Messenger or website helps you to chat, post, share and earn money. It also helps you keep updated with the latest news and events worldwide. It’s Marketplace has an integrated e-commerce channel to help buyers and sellers, this service is offered by Post A2Z at no cost. Thus, It is an advanced social media platform where you can connect with people, grow business and career worldwide. Additionally, the code structure of this platform has a full Application Programming Interface (API) system, which makes it unique and more powerful than other social networking scripts.

Sooper Articles, United Kingdom, 2019

Ahead of the Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi United State (US) visit showcased India's emergenc... more Ahead of the Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi United State (US) visit showcased India's emergence as a superpower by many fold. Here, The 'global community' witnessed that how Indian PM was welcomed and appreciated by top-up leaders of the US from Jam-Packed Stadium to United state general assembly (UNGA) at large. Further, The "Howdy Modi" event extravaganza at 'Houston' so meticulously planned and scripted became an powerful platform from where India's foreign, domestic and economic policies would be defined and reaffirmed by the PM for the benefit of the entire world and an assertion made of India's arrival as a superpower. Notably, The 2019 General Elections victory of Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) with a majority much bigger than what they got in 2014 parliamentary elections has largely impacted the globe.

Sooper Articles, United State, 2019

Ahead of Prime Minister Modi's and Trump's address in Houston on Sep 22, Indian-American artists ... more Ahead of Prime Minister Modi's and Trump's address in Houston on Sep 22, Indian-American artists from Texas & elsewhere performed cultural programmes, PM Modi presented with the keys to the Houston City by its Mayor Sylvester Turner on his arrival at the ''Howdy Modi'' mega event as the mark of respect and the long standing India-Houston ties worldwide.

Youth Darpan (New Delhi, India), 2019

Father of the Nation, Mahatma Gandhi Ji is ‘set to return to life’ in the form of a ‘hologram’ at... more Father of the Nation, Mahatma Gandhi Ji is ‘set to return to life’ in the form of a ‘hologram’ at UNESCO, ‘Paris’ to mark the “International Day of Non Violence 2019”. Further, The life size ‘3D hologram’ will ‘address audience’ to explain the Gandhi’s philosophy. As per the plans, the 3D hologram would speak for 2 to 3 minutes to set the tone for the ‘panel discussion’ and It would also indulge in a series of question answer session, during which he will answer 5 questions. “The talk will be extracted with due reference of his writings on Satyagraha, Ahinsa, Kindness, critical inquiry and education”.

Op India (New Delhi, India), 2019

On Aug 28, The annual 12th India Security Summit on ”Towards New National Cyber Security Strategy... more On Aug 28, The annual 12th India Security Summit on ”Towards New National Cyber Security Strategy”, was successfully organized by the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India (ASSOCHAM) on Aug 28, which creates a platform for the Central Ministries, State Governments, Academia, Industry and other global stakeholders to come together and deliberate on the way forward. Experienced cyberterrorists, who are very skilled in terms of hacking can cause massive damage to government systems, hospital records, and national security programs, which might leave a country, community or organization in turmoil and in fear of further attacks.

Sooper Articles (United Kingdom), 2019

Several facts suggested that the country has acquired a ‘top hosting position’ in ‘space technolo... more Several facts suggested that the country has acquired a ‘top hosting position’ in ‘space technology’ worldwide. In the wake of Chandrayaan 2, On Sep 07, The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has lauded India’s historic Chandrayaan-2 mission, adding that the Indian Space Research Organisation’s (ISRO) attempt to soft-land ‘Vikram module’ on the lunar South Pole has “inspired” it and the United State (US) space agency is looking forward to explore the “solar system” with its Indian counterpart. However, The US space agency offer for joint exploration came even as ISRO launch its first mission to study the sun (Aditya L-1 solar mission).

Youth Darpan (New Delhi, India), 2019

Ahead of the 100 days of Modi 2.0 administration, The Union Government of India has taken various... more Ahead of the 100 days of Modi 2.0 administration, The Union Government of India has taken various landmark and historic decisions at an unprecedented scale. As per the, Union Minister Prakash Javadekar released a booklet titled, "Jan Connect" and inaugurated exhibition on Furthering India’s Development - 100 days of "Bold Initiatives and Decisive Actions" by the government. In the wake of historic Chandrayaan 2 mission, The Minister also lauded the encouragement & sensitivity of PM Narendra Modi administration towards the dedicated scientists at Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and boost to the scientific community at large scale, The Information and Broadcasting Minister remarked on Sep 08.

IASmind.com (New Delhi, India), 2019

Expressing concern over the massive extraction of groundwater for agriculture, the Economic Surve... more Expressing concern over the massive extraction of groundwater for agriculture, the Economic Survey 2019 has recommended adoption of micro-irrigation systems (MI) to improve water use efficiency. It can be seen that the states with penetration and improved adoption of MI systems have almost 40 to 50% savings in energy and fertilizer consumption, remarked the survey presented in Parliament by Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman on July 4, this year.

Sooper Articles (United Kingdom), 2017

As​ ​ we​ ​ know​ ​ that,​ ​ rapid​ ​ rural​ ​ employment​ ​ growth​ ​ and​ ​ agriculture​ ​ grow... more As​ ​ we​ ​ know​ ​ that,​ ​ rapid​ ​ rural​ ​ employment​ ​ growth​ ​ and​ ​ agriculture​ ​ growth​ ​ were​ ​ always​ ​ the​ ​ main focus​ ​ of​ ​ India's​ ​ top​ ​ policy​ ​ makers.​ ​ In​ ​ order​ ​ to​ ​ this;​ ​ Education,​ ​ Health,​ ​ human​ ​ security​ ​ as​ ​ well​ ​ as cyber​ ​ security,​ ​ infrastructure​ ​ and​ ​ agricultural​ ​ structure​ ​ are​ ​ becomes​ ​ the​ ​ most​ ​ significant determinants​ ​ of​ ​ India's​ ​ growth/development​ ​ or​ ​ Rural​ ​ development​ ​ of​ ​ India.​ ​ We​ ​ "​ Need​ ​ for massive​ ​ increase​ ​ in​ ​ investments​ ​ for​ ​ Education,​ ​ health,​ ​ agriculture,​ ​ human​ ​ security​ ​ (Also, Cyber​ ​ Security)​ ​ and​ ​ Rural​ ​ infrastructure​ ​ by​ ​ simultaneously​ ​ improving​ ​ the​ ​ Institutions​ ​ For batter​ ​ delivery​ ​ systems.​ ​ Government​ ​ is​ ​ thinking​ ​ for​ ​ big​ ​ puss​ ​ to​ ​ health​ ​ and​ ​ education​ ​ in such​ ​ plans.​ ​ Significantly,​ ​ such​ ​ a​ ​ big​ ​ push​ ​ is​ ​ also​ ​ needed​ ​ for​ ​ agriculture​ ​ sector​ ​ for​ ​ food security,​ ​ sustainability,​ ​ livelihoods,​ ​ and​ ​ transformations​ ​ too".​ ​ ​ With​ ​ the​ ​ same​ ​ light,​ ​ we​ ​ need to​ ​ keep​ ​ in​ ​ mind​ ​ above​ ​ while​ ​ dealings​ ​ with​ ​ 'The​ ​ latest​ ​ story​ ​ of​ ​ India's​ ​ Rural​ ​ Transformation'.​ ​ ​ In this​ ​ very​ ​ writing​ ​ attempt​ ​ has​ ​ been​ ​ made​ ​ to​ ​ understand​ ​ the​ ​ changing​ ​ notion​ ​ of​ ​ rural​ ​ development and​ ​ assess​ ​ the​ ​ role​ ​ of​ ​ present​ ​ government​ ​ about​ ​ the​ ​ same..​ ​ However,​ ​ in​ ​ India​ ​ rural development​ ​ paradigm​ ​ differ​ ​ hugely​ ​ on​ ​ account​ ​ of​ ​ myriad​ ​ societal​ ​ and​ ​ economic​ ​ norms. Therefore,​ ​ there​ ​ are​ ​ hardly​ ​ any​ ​ universal​ ​ notion​ ​ of​ ​ rural​ ​ development​ ​ due​ ​ to​ ​ changing​ ​ context that​ ​ we​ ​ need​ ​ to​ ​ keep​ ​ in​ ​ mind​ ​ while​ ​ dealing​ ​ with​ ​ the​ ​ concept​ ​ of​ ​ ​ 'The​ ​ Latest​ ​ Story​ ​ of​ ​ India's Rural​ ​ Transformation'​ .. Preface In​ ​ India​ ​ the​ ​ rapid​ ​ growth​ ​ has​ ​ been​ ​ both​ ​ ​ " sustainable​ ​ and​ ​ inclusive " ​ ​ ​ but​ ​ it​ ​ poses​ ​ formidable challenge​ ​ for​ ​ existing​ ​ rural​ ​ panning​ ​ in​ ​ India​ ​ in​ ​ order​ ​ to​ ​ agriculture​ ​ and​ ​ such​ ​ other​ ​ schemes. Also,​ ​ The​ ​ process​ ​ of​ ​ urbanization​ ​ can​ ​ be​ ​ carried​ ​ out​ ​ by​ ​ creating​ ​ additional​ ​ space​ ​ for​ ​ them​ ​ who are​ ​ yet​ ​ to​ ​ become​ ​ the​ ​ part​ ​ of​ ​ process.​ ​ Redistribution​ ​ of​ ​ resources​ ​ and​ ​ people​ ​ has​ ​ to​ ​ be​ ​ there​ ​ in order​ ​ to​ ​ make​ ​ our​ ​ villages​ ​ more​ ​ equitable​ ​ that​ ​ can​ ​ be​ ​ done​ ​ only​ ​ when​ ​ there​ ​ is​ ​ a​ ​ equal​ ​ amount of​ ​ share​ ​ between​ ​ rural​ ​ and​ ​ urban​ ​ sphere.​ ​ Our​ ​ effort​ ​ is​ ​ here​ ​ to​ ​ assess​ ​ the​ ​ major​ ​ aspects​ ​ of Rural​ ​ panning​ ​ in​ ​ India.​ ​ ​ Hence,​ ​ ​ focus​ ​ is​ ​ on​ ​ reorientation​ ​ of​ ​ rural​ ​ planning​ ​ to​ ​ address​ ​ the​ ​ long standing​ ​ challenges​ ​ of​ ​ rural​ ​ areas,​ ​ which​ ​ are​ ​ likely​ ​ to​ ​ be​ ​ very​ ​ important​ ​ in​ ​ India's​ ​ current​ ​ stage of​ ​ rural​ ​ development.​ ​ The​ ​ faster​ ​ growing​ ​ States​ ​ had​ ​ formulated​ ​ laws​ ​ for​ ​ amalgamation​ ​ of​ ​ farm holdings​ ​ into​ ​ viable​ ​ units​ ​ for​ ​ investments,​ ​ productivity​ ​ and​ ​ growth.​ ​ Indian​ ​ farmers​ ​ were​ ​ always concerned​ ​ about​ ​ the​ ​ availability​ ​ of​ ​ adequate​ ​ credit​ ​ at​ ​ reasonable​ ​ cost​ ​ in​ ​ a​ ​ timely​ ​ manner.

India's Journal, 2019

Go beyond defining mountains only by their height, though the summit of a peak is nothing more th... more Go beyond defining mountains only by their height, though the summit of a peak is nothing more than the point where it gives way to clouds and the sky; next, ponder over a paradigm shift in ancient Indian history in the modern day search for the mythical Sarasvati river; and finally, make your way through an emphatic and enhanced collection of stories about Tibetan refugees starting anew in India. The bookshelf has a mixed bag to offer this weekend. Immerse yourself as you acquire knowledge.

YOUTH DARPAN, 2018

The latest literature on, “Politics for a New India: A Nationalistic Perspective”, Edited by Prof... more The latest literature on, “Politics for a New India: A Nationalistic Perspective”, Edited by Prof. Shri Prakash Singh. This variety of literature offers a modest attempt to seek an identity for “Bharatiya Ways of Study” and move away from the ‘Western Domination’ in Social Science. This literature aims at setting an alternative discourse in Political Science as against hegemonic discourse to diversify the outlook amenable to the historical and cultural context of India. Many Experts believes that this book may be treated, but with precaution, as Indigenization of Political Science in India.

YOUTH DARPAN, 2018

The latest literature on "India After Modi: Populism and the Right" by Prof., Ajay Gudavarthy, at... more The latest literature on "India After Modi: Populism and the Right" by Prof., Ajay Gudavarthy, attempts has been made to understand the 'Populism' in depth and the 'politics of right' in a well documented and highly researched manners. The variety of topics offers a modest attempt to cycle several issues. Gudavarthy, turns relevantly on 'Indian Democracy' after Narendra Modi took over as the Prime Minister in 2014. The Author, is associate professor, Centre for Political Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University.

YOUTH DARPAN, 2019

India is highly vulnerable to terrorism and security concerns, frequent terror attacks in India r... more India is highly vulnerable to terrorism and security concerns, frequent terror attacks in India remains one of the important determinants in pulling its growth down, but it is not limited to India or few countries, now it has spread almost all over the world. Security issues today is a global menace, as inequality is there in every country, although in a different degree. Those who are dissatisfied with the authority adopt the method of violence to show their dissatisfaction. One more thing which can be seen today as a major cause of the same is religious intolerance. For an example recent terror attacks in Sri lanka after the pulwama attacks in India, and attacks on Charlie Hebdo office in Paris, frequent murders of bloggers in Bangladesh, the ongoing war in Syria etc. Even the most developed countries like U.S.A and Russia are also facing these kind of problems. Such wars not only affect the victim country but also its neighboring countries as they face the problem of unwanted refugees. Such terror attacks are done purposefully to attract the attention of authority, their objective is to capture political power.

India's Journal, 2017

In this very writing attempt has been made to understand the relevancy of Gandhi’s thoughts and h... more In this very writing attempt has been made to understand the relevancy of Gandhi’s thoughts and his vision about the same. However, in India Gandhian paradigm differ hugely on account of myriad Political, Societal and Economic norms. For me, Gandhi's greatness lies in the fact that his qualities can be admired at many different levels/layers. Gandhi, Inclusive growth and felt that Indian can only become a great nation when its teeming and impoverished rural masses become better off. He therefore focused on rural development and felt intuitively that future of India is an decentralized rural development. This vision which he stated in 1920’s is even more valid today.. More Significant episode from the life of Gandhi harbors a valuable message for us. By practicing it through the rest of her life, Kasturba had inadvertently demonstrated Swachhta Hi Vyavhaar, Cleanliness is Behaviour. It could be the message for the top-up campaign next year.

India's Journal, Jun 20, 2019

As per the recent data analysis by World Health Organisation (WHO), World Bank (WB) and United Na... more As per the recent data analysis by World Health Organisation (WHO), World Bank (WB) and United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF), and its comparative study with statistics for Bihar's "Muzaffarpur district" has remarked that when it comes to 'nutrition of child' and mother, most African countries were perform better than Muzaffarpur district. As per the report asserted, Not just in this case, Africa outperforms Bihar's Muzaffarpur even in checking the prevalence of wasting (being too thin for their height) among children. Moreover, WHO data for its Africa region proven that 43 African countries have lower prevalence of stunted children than this district. WHO estimates that every year nearly 2.7 million children die due to undernutrition worldwide. Despite this just 7.8% children (6-23 months) receive an adequate diet in Muzaffarpur district in Bihar.

This article examines how orthodox ideas of 'women empowerment' have changed for women living in ... more This article examines how orthodox ideas of 'women empowerment' have changed for women living in the context of insecurity, examining many facts related to declining ​ 'Child Sex Ratio' (CSR) in throughout India. The article explains, what kind of sex ratio we have in India, provides fluctuating official data of 'decreasing child sex ratio' in the country, reasons behind decreasing the CSR and wayout to equalise the same in India. It is observed that number of girls as against boys in certain states is declining which is a matter of great concern. The females are even coerced to give birth to male child. Notably, India has 63 million 'missing' women and 21 million unwanted girls. In such circumstances education of women needs to be used and effective means for their empowerment and education will prepare

Youth Darpan, (New Delhi, India), 2019

Every year our country celebrates Engineer’s Day on September 15, the birth anniversary of Moksha... more Every year our country celebrates Engineer’s Day on September 15, the birth anniversary of Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya (Bharat Ratna), the engineering pioneer of India. Popularly known as 'Sir MV' (15 September 1861 - 12 April 1962) and the 'builder of India'. A civil engineer and statesman, He was born on this day in 1861 in Muddenahalli village (Now Karnataka).

Unfortunately, He lost his father at the age of just 12. In 1881, he received Graduation degree from Central College, Bangalore (then affiliated to University of Madras). He then enrolled at College of Engineering, Pune and received LCE (Licentiate in Civil Engineering), which is equivalent to DCE (Diploma in Civil Engineering), from University of Bombay to which the college was affiliated then. He took a job with the PWD of Bombay (Mumbai) and later was invited to join the Indian Irrigation Commission.

During his service with Government of Mysore state, he was responsible for founding of (under the patronage of the Mysore government) Mysore Soap Factory, Parasitoid Laboratory, Mysore Iron & Steel Works (now known as Viswesvarayya Iron and Steel Limited) in Bhadravathi, Sri Jayachamarajendra Polytechnic Bangalore, Bangalore Agricultural University, State Bank of Mysore, Century Club, Mysore Chamber of Commerce (Federation of Karnataka Chambers of Commerce & Industry), apex Chamber of Commerce in Karnataka, University Visvesvaraya College of Engineering (Bangalore) and numerous other industrial ventures, As per available data.Significantly, Sir MV was awarded Nation's highest honour, for his exceptional contribution to the 'building of India' in 1955. Beside this, he was also awarded the British knighthood by King George V, which prefixed 'sir' to his name.. Greatly, He had designed and patented a system of automatic weir water floodgates that were first installed in 1903 at Khadakvasla Reservoir near Pune.

These 'gates' were employed to raise flood supply level of storage in reservoir to the highest level likely to be attained without causing any damage to the dam. Based on the success of these gates, the same system was installed at the Tigra Dam in Gwalior and Krishna Raja Sagara (KRS) Dam in Mysore, Karnataka.

Meanwhile, Vice President M Venkaiah Naidu and Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Sep 15 greeted engineers on "Engineers Day", describing them as those synonymous with diligence and determination. Engineers Day is observed to mark the birth anniversary of acclaimed civil engineer M Visvesvaraya. "Engineers are synonymous with diligence and determination. Human progress would be incomplete without their innovative zeal," the prime minister stated in a tweet. Greeting the "hardworking engineers", Narendra Modi also paid tributes to Visvesvaraya.Vice President Of India, V. Naidu greeted that, He was a civil engineer par excellence, who harnessed India''s water resources through dams. "M Visvesvaraya was a visionary. The nation is ever grateful to his invaluable contribution." I convey my warm greetings and good wishes to engineers on the occasion of Engineers Day celebrated as a mark of respect to Shri Visvesvaraya, The Vice President asserted. While Delhi Metro Rail Corporation (DMRC) asserted that, "A dream, an engineering marvel, that was envisioned 25 years ago for the people of Delhi & everyone who continues to come to this city with dreams. Delhi Metro wouldn't have been possible without the engineers involved, who made this ambitious project a success".

Moreover, Business tycoon and chairman of Mahindra Group Anand Mahindra also took to Twitter to cheer for engineers on this day by sharing a small video as a tribute. "Interesting that Engineer's Day is being celebrated today. He said that, "I guess the brains of Engineers truly are at work even on holidays!" Also, He shared a small video showing a little girl building a car race track from scratch all by herself". "At Mahindra, we celebrate all our past and present engineers, and as this film shows, we are cheering on all our future engineers as well!" Mr Anand Mahindra asserted.

In the early 20th century, Sir MV became the chief engineer of the Krishna Raja Sagara Dam project in Mysore, which was then the biggest in Asia. In 1909, the master-builder was appointed as the special consultant engineer to make Hyderabad flood-proof in the face of approaching floods. His work even prevented Visakhapatnam port from sea erosion as well. Also, He implemented an extremely intricate system of irrigation in 'Deccan' and 'encouraged private investment in industry' during his tenure as Diwan of Mysore. Thus, He was called "Father of Modern Mysore State".

IASmind.com, 2019

साल 1947 में जब भारत आजाद हुआ तो हमारे समक्ष भाषा को लेकर सबसे बड़ा सवाल था, क्योंकि भारत में सैक... more साल 1947 में जब भारत आजाद हुआ तो हमारे समक्ष भाषा को लेकर सबसे बड़ा सवाल था, क्योंकि भारत में सैकड़ों भाषाएं और बोलियां बोली जाती है। हालाँकि, संविधान सभा ने अपना "26 नवंबर 1949" को संविधान के अंतिम प्रारूप को मंजूरी दे दी। और 14 सितंबर 1949 को संविधान सभा ने एक मत से निर्णय लिया कि हिंदी ही भारत की राजभाषा होगी। इस प्रकार भारत में प्रत्येक वर्ष 14 सितम्बर को हिंदी दिवस मनाया जाता है और इस दिन हिंदी से सम्बंधित विभिन्न कार्यों को व्यापक स्तर पर भिन्न-भिन्न तरीकों से प्रोत्साहित किया जाता है।

डाउनलोड करें, वैश्विक परिदृश्य में हिंदी की प्रासंगिकता और स्वीकार्यता

केंद्रीय शासन व्यवस्था द्वारा भी इसे आधिकारिक रूप से व्यापक स्तर पर मनाया जाता है। हिंदी हमारी मातृभाषा है और इसे देश का प्रत्येक नागरिक अपने सम्मान के लिए बोलता है। दुर्भाग्यवश, आधुनिक समय में जिसमें कि तकनीकी विकास और आर्थिक उन्नति के द्वारा हिंदी की प्रासंगिकता और स्वीकार्यता लोगों में कम होती जा रही है। समकालीन परिदृश्य में, कुछ शोध अध्ययन यह भी इंगित करता है कि 'इंग्लिश/अंग्रेजी' को लोगों द्वारा, 'सभी क्षेत्रों' में सफलता की कुंजी माना जा रहा है परन्तु हमें ये नहीं भूलना चाहिए कि "मातृभाषा के द्वारा ज्ञान प्राप्त करके भी सफलता को अर्जित किया जा सकता है"। अतः किसी भी देश के लिए उसकी भाषा और संस्कृति बहुत महत्वपूर्ण और निर्णायक भूमिका निभाती है। 21वीं सदी में जैसे-जैसे हम आगे बढ़ रहे हैं, वैसे ही हिंदी के इस्तेमाल और प्रासंगिकता को बताने और इस भाषा को आगे प्रोत्साहित करने वाले भी दिन-प्रतिदिन बढ़ रहे हैं।

IASmind.com (New Delhi, India), 2019

टेलीविजन का आविष्कार यूँ तो 'जॉन एल बिलियर्ड' ने 1920 के दौर में ही कर दिया था। लेकिन भारत में यह... more टेलीविजन का आविष्कार यूँ तो 'जॉन एल बिलियर्ड' ने 1920 के दौर में ही कर दिया था। लेकिन भारत में यह तकनीक तब पहुंचा जब 15 सितम्बर 1959 को तत्कालीन राष्ट्रपति डॉ राजेन्द्र प्रसाद ने दिल्ली में एक प्रसारण सेवा "दूरदर्शन" का उद्घाटन किया। अतः दूरदर्शन पर आज ही के दिन यानी 15 सितंबर, 1959 को पहला प्रसारण हुआ था। आज दूरदर्शन अपने जीवन के 60 वर्ष (सितंबर, 2019 में ) पूर्ण कर चुका है। हालांकि, आरंभिक वर्षों में इसका विकास बहुत संकुचित था, तथा इसके दायरे में दिल्ली के आसपास के लगभग 40 किलोमीटर तक के ही इलाके आते थे। तब सरकार ने दिल्ली के निम्न और माध्यम वर्गीय क्षेत्र के 21 सामुदायिक केन्द्रों पर टीवी सेट रखवाकर इसके प्रसारण की विशेष व्यवस्था करवाई थी।

आरंभिक वर्षों में इसके पास केवल 180 टेलिविजन सेट्स थे। लेकिन 10 वर्षों के अंदर ही इसके टेलिविजन सेट्स की संख्या बढ़कर 1,250 हो गई और 1977 तक यह संख्या करीब 2.5 लाख तक पहुंच गई। 1972 तक टीवी सर्विस को मुंबई और अमृतसर तक विस्तार दिया गया। 1975 तक भारत के सिर्फ 7 शहरों में टीवी सर्विस उपलब्ध थी और भारत में टीवी का अकेला दूरदर्शन ही सर्विस प्रोवाइडर था। दूरदर्शन के लगभग 60 से ज्यादा चैनल्स हैं जिनमें डीडी1, डीडी2, डीडी दमन और दिउ, डीडी अरुणाचल प्रदेश, डीडी इंग्लिश, डीडी गोवा आदि शामिल है। और 'डीडी इंडिया' अभी लगभग 146 देशों में मौजूद है। साल 1982 में, 'रंगीन दूरदर्शन' की शुरूआत हुई और 3 नवंबर 2003 में दूरदर्शन का 24 घंटे लगातार चलने वाला समाचार चैनल बन गया।

महत्वपूर्ण रूप से, सांस्कृतिक चैनल जैसे ‘डीडी भारती’ को दूरदर्शन ने 26 जनवरी 2002 में आरंभ किया गया। सन 2004 में 16 दिसंबर को ‘डायरेक्ट टू होम’ सेवा को दर्शकों के टेलीविजन सेट पर मुफ्त में दिखाया गया, जिसकी सेवा आज भी बरकरार है। इस तरह बदलते परिदृश्य और दर्शकों की मांग को देखते हुए दूरदर्शन ने खुद को व्यापक स्तर से आगे विस्तार किया। इसके बढ़ते कदम को देखते हुए प्राइवेट चैनलों ने भी भारत में अपनी दस्तक दी। इस कदम में, 2 अक्तूबर सन् 1992 में पहली बार प्राइवेट चैनल ‘जी टीवी’ का प्रसारण हुआ। यह चैनल नए कार्यक्रमों के साथ दर्शकों के समक्ष आया। वर्तमान में, देखते ही देखते जी टीवी ने दूरदर्शन की लोकप्रियता जी टीवी ले जाने लगा। दूरदर्शन की ही तरह जी टीवी ने भी वक़्त के साथ अपने काफी चैनल शुरू कर दिए, इसके बाद दर्शकों ने दूरदर्शन देखना मानो छोड़ ही दिया हो। जैसे-जैसे वक़्त बीतता गया दूरदर्शन पीछे छूटता गया और आखिर में आज वक़्त कुछ ऐसा आ गया है कि 26 जनवरी और 15 अगस्त के अलावा शायद ही कोई दूरदर्शन देखता हो।

हालाँकि, जब 15 अगस्त 1965 को दूरदर्शन पर समाचारों का एक घंटे का नियमित हिंदी बुलेटिन शुरू हुआ तब इसके प्रति लोगों की दिलचस्पी बढ़ती दिखाई देने लगी। इसी दौरान दूरदर्शन पर नाटकों का प्रसारण भी शुरू किया गया। लेकिन इसकी लोकप्रियता में बढ़ोतरी तब हुई जब इसमें शिक्षा और सूचना के बाद 'मनोरंजन' भी जुड़ा। यथार्थ में, जब 2 अक्टूबर 1972 को दिल्ली के बाद मुंबई केंद्र शुरू हुआ तो 'मायानगरी' के कारण इसका फिल्मों से जुड़ना स्वाभाविक था। इस प्रकार समकालीन समय में, दूरदर्शन आगे चलकर जन-सामान्य की जिंदगी का अहम हिस्सा बन गया है। आज यह रोटी, कपड़ा और मकान के बाद लोगों की चौथी ऐसी आवश्यकता बन गया है कि जिसके बिना जिंदगी एक अधूरी सी कहानी प्रतीत होती है। डिजिटल क्रांति के इस युग में युवा पीढ़ी को दूरदर्शन का मतलब शायद ही पता हो, लेकिन पिछली पीढ़ी का इसके साथ गहरा नाता रहा है। अतः आने वाली पीढ़ियों को भी इससे ज्ञान अर्जित करना चाहिए।

कुछ बदलाव के परिणामस्वरूप, 1 अप्रैल, 1976 को टीवी सर्विसेज को रेडियो से अलग किया गया। हालाँकि, इससे पहले यह "ऑल इंडिया रेडियो" का हिस्सा था। इसके बाद ऑल इंडिया रेडियो और दूरदर्शन के कार्यालय का प्रबंधन दिल्ली में अलग-अलग महानिदेशकों द्वारा किया जाने लगा। 1982 में यह नैशनल ब्रॉडकास्टर के तौर पर सामने आया और देश के हर हिस्से में पहुंच गया। दूरदर्शन पर जिस कार्यक्रम का सबसे पहले प्रसारण किया गया वह "कृषि दर्शन" था। दूरदर्शन के कुछ लोकप्रिय टीवी शो इस प्रकार थे; रामायण, महाभारत, शक्तिमान, भारत एक खोज, चित्रहार, हम लोग, ये जो है जिंदगी, बुनियाद, करमचंद, ब्योमकेश बख्शी, विक्रम और बेताल, मालगुडी डेज, ओशिन, जंगल बुक, द पीकॉक कॉल्स और यूनिवर्सिटी गर्ल्स आदि।

समाचार, चित्रहार और फिल्मों के बाद दूरदर्शन में दर्शकों की दिलचस्पी तब बढ़ी जब दूरदर्शन पर 'सीरियल युग' का आरंभ हुआ। हालाँकि, सीरियल के इस नए मनोरंजन ने क्रांति का रूप तब लिया जब 7 जुलाई 1984 को ‘हम लोग’ का प्रसारण शुरू हुआ। आज हमारे पास विश्व स्तरीय तकनीक है तथा हम दुनियाभर में जाकर अपने एक से एक कार्यक्रम बनाते हैं और प्रकाशित करते हैँ। निजी चैनल जिन मुद्दों पर उदासीन रहते हैं वहां दूरदर्शन इन सभी मुद्दों पर बहुत कुछ प्रकाशित करते हैं, जैसे किसानों पर, स्वच्छता पर, बेटी बचाओ बेटी पढ़ाओ पर, कला और संस्कृति पर आदि। इसलिए दूरदर्शन आज महानगरों से लेकर छोटे नगरों, कस्बों और गाँवों तक पूरी तरह जुड़ा हुआ है। इसके द्वारा चलाये गए कार्यक्रम तकनीकी और कंटेंट दोनों में उत्तम हैं। बस समय के साथ-साथ इसके कार्यक्रमों की निर्माण गुणवत्ता में जो आधुनिकीकरण करना पड़े, उसे करना चाहिए। भारत में यह शिक्षा-प्रसार का बहुत बड़ा माध्यम हो सकता है। वास्तव में इसका प्रयोग आम जनता की "उन्नति और समृद्धि" के लिए ज्ञान की कुंजी के रूप में करना चाहिए, क्यूंकि इसके अनेक कार्यक्रम जन-जागरण करने में प्रबल रूप से सक्षम हैं।

लेखक: त्रिलोक सिंह, युथ दर्पण के सीईओ हैं। स्नाक्तोत्तर (राजनीती विज्ञान, किरोड़ी, दिल्ली विश्वविद्यालय)। वर्तमान में, ISOMES, न्यूज़ 24 में पोस्ट ग्रेजुएट जर्नलिज्म प्रोग्राम कर रहे हैं।

Legal Service India and Youth Darpan, 2020

नोवल कोरोनावायरस (कोविड-19) जैसी विश्व महामारी के खिलाफ जंग को सफल बनाने हेतु प्रधानमंत्री नरेंद्... more नोवल कोरोनावायरस (कोविड-19) जैसी विश्व महामारी के खिलाफ जंग को सफल बनाने हेतु प्रधानमंत्री नरेंद्र मोदी द्वारा 28 मार्च, 2020 को "प्राइम मिनिस्टर्स सिटीजन असिस्टेंस एंड रिलीफ इन इमरजेंसी सिचुएशन" (पीएम केयर्स फंड) की नींव रखी गई और लोगों से इसमें अपनी क्षमताओं के अनुसार दान करने की भी अपील की गई। उपरोक्त अपील के बाद कई उद्योग जगत से लेकर फ़िल्मी जगत, खेल जगत और आम लोगों द्वारा इस विपदा में "आर्थिक दान" करने की होड़ सी मच गई। हालाँकि, इसी के साथ-साथ कुछ राजनीतिक टीकाकारों के मध्य यह प्रश्न भी खड़े हुए कि आखिर जब "प्रधानमंत्री राष्ट्रीय राहत कोष" (पीएमएनआरएफ) पहले से ही था तो फिर अलग से "पीएम केयर्स फंड" बनाने की जरूरत क्यों पड़ी? यह प्रश्न इसलिए भी उठ खड़े हुए कि नए बने प्रधानमंत्री नागरिक सहायता और आपात राहत कोष (पीएम-केयर) को लेकर अभी बहुत सी बातें आधिकारिक तौर पर साफ नहीं की गई है।

गौरतलब है कि, 'प्रधानमंत्री राष्ट्रीय राहत कोष' के संचालन का अधिकार पूरी तरह पीएमओ (प्रधानमंत्री कार्यालय) को प्राप्त है। ऐतिहासिक तौर पर देखा जाए तो 1985 में तत्कालीन प्रधानमंत्री राजीव गांधी ने इसका संचालन पूरी तरह पीएमओ को दिया था। जबकि 'पीएम केयर' का संचालन सिर्फ पीएमओ नहीं करेगा, इसमें प्रधानमंत्री अध्यक्षता करेंगे लेकिन इस ट्रस्ट में प्रधानमंत्री, रक्षा मंत्री, गृह मंत्री और वित्त मंत्री भी शामिल हैं। इसके साथ-साथ विज्ञान, स्वास्थ्य, कानून, समाज सेवा क्षेत्र से जुड़े विशेषज्ञों को भी सदस्य के तौर पर नामित किया जाएगा। धनराशि के खर्च के बारे में प्रधानमंत्री, मंत्री और विशेषज्ञों की कमेटी फैसला करेगी। विभिन्न जानकारों का मानना है कि इससे पता चलता है कि पीएम केयर का संचालन और ज्यादा लोकतांत्रिक तरीके से होगा, क्योंकि इसमें प्रधानमंत्री ने मंत्रियों को भी शामिल किया है।

अन्य शब्दों में, केंद्रीय सरकार ने व्यापक तौर पर लोगों को प्रेरित करने के लिए एक अध्यादेश के माध्यम से 'पीएम केयर्स' में दिए जाने वाले अंशदान पर आयकर अधिनियम की धारा '35 सी' के तहत शत प्रतिशत "कर" छूट देने की सुविधा भी दे दी है, और यह सुविधा प्रधानमंत्री राष्ट्रीय आपदा कोष (पीएमएनआरएफ) के दानदाताओं को भी है। महत्वपूर्ण रूप से, पीएम केयर में दस रुपये भी दान किया जा सकता है। हालांकि, अभी पीएम केयर को लेकर काफ़ी आधिकारिक बातें साफ नहीं है, जैसे प्रधानमंत्री राष्ट्रीय राहत कोष की ऑडिट का अधिकार "भारत के नियन्त्रक एवं महालेखा परीक्षक" (सीएजी) को है तो फिर पीएम केयर की ऑडिट कौन करेगा? गौरतलब है कि, कुछ प्रावधान दोनों ही राहत फंड में कॉमन है। पीएमएनआरएफ या फिर पीएम केयर दोनों में दान करने पर भारतीय संविधान की धारा "80 जी" के तहत छूट मिलती है।

इस नए कोष के निर्माण को लेकर पूर्व केंद्रीय मंत्री शशि थरूर और इतिहासकार रामचंद्र गुहा ने यह प्रश्न उठाया है कि जब पहले से ही प्रधानमंत्री राष्ट्रीय आपदा कोष है तो फिर नया कोष पीएम केयर्स फंड बनाने की क्या जरूरत है? शशि थरूर ने कहा है कि प्रधानमंत्री को एक नया धर्मादा कोष जिसके नियम तक अस्पष्ट है, बनाने की बजाय क्यों नहीं पीएमएनआरएफ का ही नाम बदल कर पीएम केयर्स कर देना चाहिए था। कांग्रेस प्रवक्ता गौरव वल्लभ ने भी इस पर प्रश्न उठाते हुए कहा है कि जब पीएमएनआरएफ मे 3800 करोड़ रुपए बिना खर्च किए हुए हैं, तो पहले उन्हें उपयोग में लाया जाना चाहिए न कि नया कोष बनाकर लोगों से योगदान मांगा जाए। इस प्रकार, राजनीतिक टीकाकारों द्वारा दिए गए हालिया बयान यह इंगित करती है कि इस फंड की 'सीएजी' ऑडिट होगी इसलिए इस पर कोई भी बात करना उचित नहीं है लेकिन पब्लिक चैरिटेबल ट्रस्ट के सीएजी ऑडिट का कोई प्रावधान नहीं है, इसलिए यदि ऐसी कोई व्यवस्था बनाने का विचार है तो उस बारे में टैक्स छूट के लिए जारी किए गए अध्यादेश के साथ ही कोई प्रावधान करना चाहिए था।

वंही सुप्रीम कोर्ट के वकील विराग गुप्ता के अनुसार, कोरोना से खड़े हुए संकट के दौर में पीएम केयर को प्रधानमंत्री का एक अच्छा और सकारात्मक प्रयास बताते हैं। लेकिन उनका यह भी मानना है कि इसको लेकर उठ रहे विभिन्न सवालों का सरकार को जवाब देना चाहिए ताकि विभिन्न शंकाओं का समाधान हो सके। उनका कहना है कि सरकार से सवालों का उचित जवाब दिए जाने पर पीएम केयर की विश्वसनीयता और बढ़ जाएगी। इस फंड के लिए पब्लिक चैरिटेबल ट्रस्ट बनाया गया है जिसमें प्रधानमंत्री समेत कई अन्य मंत्री ट्रस्टी हैं। अतः इस रजिस्टर्ड ट्रस्ट डीड की कॉपी को सार्वजनिक कर दिया जाए तो अधिकांश अटकलों पर विराम लग जाएगा।

इस प्रकार, सरकार को आधिकारिक तौर पर यह भी स्पष्ट करना चाहिए कि प्रधानमंत्री राहत कोष में बड़े पैमाने पर रकम होने के बावजूद इस नए फंड को बनाने की जरूरत क्यों पड़ी? क्या कोविड-19 की महामारी खत्म होने के बाद इस फंड को समाप्त कर दिया जाएगा? हालिया मीडिया रिपोर्ट में विराग गुप्ता ने बताया कि, लोगों को यह जानने का भी अधिकार है कि सरकार के मंत्री इस ट्रस्ट के पदेन सदस्य हैं या व्यक्तिगत तौर पर ट्रस्टी हैं। यदि मंत्री लोग इस ट्रस्ट के अधीन ट्रस्टी हैं तो फिर भविष्य में मंत्रियों के विभाग में किसी परिवर्तन से ट्रस्टियों में भी बदलाव करना पड़ सकता है। दिलचस्प बात यह है की सुप्रीम कोर्ट और दिल्ली हाईकोर्ट के जजों ने भी इस फंड के लिए अपना योगदान दिया है। इसलिए भविष्य में इसे यदि कोई नई चुनौती दी गई तो अदालतों में कैसे सुनवाई हो सकेगी?

ऐतिहासिक तौर पर, जनवरी, 1948 में तत्कालीन प्रधानमंत्री जवाहर हाल नेहरू ने इसकी स्थापना की थी। तब इस फंड का गठन पाकिस्तान से विस्थापित लोगों की मदद करने के लिए हुई थी। जब नेहरू ने प्रधानमंत्री राष्ट्रीय राहत कोष की गठन की थी तब कांग्रेस के राष्ट्रीय अध्यक्ष भी फंड की प्रबंध समिति में होते थे। और 1985 से पहले कारपोरेट घरानों के प्रतिनिधियों को भी इसमें जगह मिलती थी। लेकिन राजीव गांधी ने बाद में केवल पीएमओ के अधीन इसका संचालन कर दिया था। बाद में कोष की धनराशि का व्यापक रूप से इस्तेमाल होने लगा। वर्तमान में, इसकी धनराशि का प्रयोग प्रमुख रूप से बाढ़, चक्रवात और भूकंप आदि जैसी प्राकृतिक आपदाओं में मृतकों के परिजनों, बड़ी दुर्घटनाओं और दंगों के पीड़ितों को तत्काल राहत पहुंचाने के लिए किया जाता है। इसके अलावा, हृदय शल्य-चिकित्सा, गुर्दा प्रत्यारोपण, कैंसर आदि के उपचार के लिए भी इस कोष से सहायता दी जाती है। कोष से धनराशि प्रधान मंत्री के अनुमोदन से वितरित की जाती है। लेकिन प्रधानमंत्री राष्ट्रीय राहत कोष का गठन संसद द्वारा नहीं किया गया है।

हालाँकि, जिस प्रकार इस नए कोष में आर्थिक योगदान देने के लिए बड़ी संख्या में उद्योग जगत, फिल्म जगत, खेल जगत और आम लोग खुले तौर पर सामने आ रहे हैं, उसे देखते हुए लगता है कि यह कोविड-19 के खिलाफ संघर्ष में वर्तमान सरकार के लिए आर्थिक संसाधन जुटाने में पीएम केयर्स कोष एक "ब्रह्मास्त्र" साबित हो सकता है। लेकिन दूसरी ओर इस नए कोष के निर्माण को लेकर कई सवाल भी उठ रहे हैं। महत्वपूर्ण रूप से, उपरोक्त विभिन्न सवालों के जवाब में सरकार की ओर से दिए गए बयान में इस नए कोष के गठन के औचित्य को सही ठहराते हुए कहा गया है कि इस विश्वव्यापी संकटकालीन युग में त्वरित और सामूहिक कार्यवाही की आवश्यकता होती है, जिससे पीड़ितों के कष्टों का निवारण हो सके, इससे होने वाली नुकसान की भरपाई हो सके तथा राहत कार्यों को और तेज किया जा सके। आधिकारिक बयान में बताया गया है कि प्रधानमंत्री कार्यालय को सभी क्षेत्रों से सरकार को आर्थिक योगदान देने के लिए लगातार अनुरोध मिल रहे हैं जिससे सरकार इस आपात संकट से निबट सके।

दुर्भाग्यवश, भारत में अब तक कोविड-19 के कुल मामलों की संख्या बढ़कर 6,412 हो गई है। इनमें से 5,709 कोविड-19 के सक्रिय मामले हैं, वहीं 503 व्यक्ति ठीक भी हो चुके हैं। लेकिन 199 लोग इस बीमारी के कारण अपनी जान गंवा चुके हैं। अप्रैल 10, 2020 को "स्वास्थ्य और परिवार कल्याण मंत्रालय" ने उपरोक्त जानकारी दी। वंही कोरोनावायरस महामारी से मरने वाले लोगों की वैश्विक संख्या 90 हजार के आंकड़े के पार हो गई है। अमेरिका की जॉन्स हॉपकिन्स यूनिवर्सिटी के सेंटर फॉर सिस्टम साइंस एंड इंजीनियरिंग (सीएसएसई) ने अप्रैल 10, 2020 को इस बात की जानकारी दी।

अतः कोविड-19 जैसी विश्व महामारी के खिलाफ जंग में भारत के समक्ष कोई "आर्थिक संकट" न आए इसलिए प्रधानमंत्री नरेंद्र मोदी ने यह सकारात्मक पहल की है। यह कोष सिर्फ कोरोना संक्रमण के खिलाफ जारी लड़ाई में आर्थिक संसाधन जुटाकर उसे जीतने के लिए है जबकि 'प्रधानमंत्री राष्ट्रीय आपदा कोष' हर तरह की आपदा के लिए है। अन्य शब्दों में, इससे प्राप्त धनराशि का उपयोग किसी अन्य तरह की आपदा में नहीं होगा, सभी धन 'कोरोना' से लड़ने में खर्च किया जाएगा। इसलिए समस्त राजनीतिक टीकाकारों को इस राष्ट्रीय संकट के युग में राजनीति न करके 'नोवल कोरोनावायरस' के खिलाफ जंग में देश और सरकार द्वारा सभी सकारात्मक प्रयासों-पहल का साथ देना चाहिए। साथ ही जबतक स्थिति सामान्य नहीं हो जाती देश के सभी लोगों को "सोशल डिस्टन्सिंग" के विकल्प को अपनाते हुए अपने-अपने घरों में ही रहना चाहिए।जय हिन्द।

लेखक: त्रिलोक सिंह, स्नातकोत्तर, राजनीतिक विज्ञान, किरोड़ी मल कॉलेज, दिल्ली विश्वविद्यालय। सीईओ/संस्थापक, युथ दर्पण मीडिया और आईएसमाइंड.कॉम। और ISOMES, न्यूज़ 24 कैंपस से पत्रकारिता और जनसंचार में स्नातकोत्तर कर रहे हैं। Copyright, TRILOKSINGH.ORG.

Last Update: अप्रैल 10, 2020, 12:59:32 PM IST.

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