Experimental studies on the transmission dynamics of the cercariae of Echinoparyphium recurvatum (Digenea: Echinostomatidae) | Parasitology | Cambridge Core (original) (raw)

Summary

Age-dependent survival and infectivity characteristics are described for the cercariae of Echinoparyphium recurvatum. At 18 °C the maximum life-span of the cercariae was 48 h and 50% survival occurred at 30·5 h. Infectivity of cercariae to the second intermediate host, Lymnaea peregra was maximal approximately 2 h after emission from the first intermediate host and it subsequently declined to zero at 19 h. It is suggested that the period of sub-maximal infectivity at the beginning of the cercarial life-span may represent a phase during which dispersal is an important function of the larvae. The relationship between infective stage density and establishment success was linear up to densities equivalent to 5000 cercariae/1. At higher cercarial densities the proportion of parasites establishing in second intermediate hosts declined progressively with increasing cercarial density. The mean number of parasites establishing/host increased linearly with increasing host size.

References

Anderson, R. M. (1976). Dynamic aspects of parasite population ecology. In Ecological Aspects of Parasitology (ed. Kennedy, C. R.), pp. 431–62. Amsterdam: North Holland Publishing Company.Google Scholar

Anderson, R. M. & Lethbridge, R. C. (1975). An experimental study of the survival characteristics, activity and energy reserves of the hexacanths of Hymenolepis diminuta. Parasitology 71, 137–52.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Anderson, R. M., Mercer, J. G., Wilson, R. A. & Carter, N. P. (1982). Transmission of Schistosoma mansoni from man to snail: experimental studies of miracidial survival and infectivity in relation to larval age, water temperature, host size and host age. Parasitology 85, 339–60.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Anderson, R. M. & Whitfield, P. J. (1975). Survival characteristics of the free-living cercarial population of the ectoparasitic digenean, Transversotrema patialense. Parasitology 70, 295–310.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Anderson, R. M., Whitfield, P. J. & Dobson, A. P. (1978). Experimental studies of infection dynamics: infection of the definitive host by cercariae of Transversotrema patialense. Parasitology 77, 189–200.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Anderson, R. M., Whitfield, P. J. & Mills, C. A. (1977). An experimental study of the population dynamics of an ectoparasitic digenean, Transversotrema patialense: the cercarial and adult stages. Journal of Animal Ecology 46, 555–80.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Bundy, D. A. P. (1981). Survival characteristics of the free-living miracidial population of Transversotrema patialense (Soparkar) (Digenea: Transversotrematidae). Journal of Parasitology 67–531.Google Scholar

Campbell, W. C. & Todd, A. C. (1955). Behaviour of the miracidium of Fascioloides magna (Bassi, 1875) Ward 1917 in the presence of a snail host. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society 74, 342–6.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Carter, N. P., Anderson, R. M. & Wilson, R. A. (1982). Transmission of Schistosoma mansoni from man to snail: laboratory studies on the influence of snail and miracidial densities on transmission success. Parasitology 85, 361–72.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Croll, N. A. & Matthews, B. E. (1973). Activity, ageing and penetration of hookworm larvae. Parasitology 66, 279–90.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

H.M.S.O. (1969). Fish Toxicity Tests. H.M.S.O. Leaflet, No. Dd. 139779 K36 12/69.Google Scholar

Keymer, A. E. (1981). Population dynamics of Hymenolepis diminuta in the intermediate host. Journal of Animal Ecology 50, 941–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Keymer, A. E. & Anderson, R. M. (1979). The dynamics of infection of Tribolium confusum by Hymenolepis diminuta: the influence of infective-stage density and spatial distribution. Parasitology 79, 195–207.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Llewellyn, J. (1972). Behaviour of monogeneans. In Behavioural Aspects of Parasite Transmission, (ed. Canning, E. U. and Wright, C. A.), pp. 19–30. London: Academic Press.Google Scholar

May, R. M. & Anderson, R. M. (1978). Regulation and stability of host–parasite population interactions. II. Destabilizing processes. Journal of Animal Ecology 47, 249–68.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Scott, M. E. (1982). Reproductive potential of Gyrodactylus bullatarudis (Monogenea) in isolated guppies (Poecilia reticulata). Parasitology 85, 217–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Stirewalt, M. A. & Fregeau, W. A. (1968). Effect of selected experimental conditions on penetration and maturation of cercariae of Schistosoma mansoni in Mice. II. Parasite-related conditions. Experimental Parasitology 22, 73–95.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Ulmer, M. J. (1971). Site finding behaviour in helminths in intermediate and definitive hosts. In Ecology and Physiology of Parasites, (ed. Fallis, A. M.), pp. 123–160. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar