Growth and zinc homeostasis in the severely Zn-deficient rat | British Journal of Nutrition | Cambridge Core (original) (raw)
Abstract
Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.
1. Male weanling rats were fed on diets either adequate (55 mg/kg), or severely deficient (0.4 mg/kg) in zinc, either ad lib. or in restricted amounts in four experiments. Measurements were made of growth rates and Zn contents of muscle and several individual tissues.
2. Zn-deficient rats exhibited the expected symptoms of deficiency including growth retardation, cyclic changes in food intake and body-weight.
3. Zn deficiency specifically reduced whole body and muscle growth rates as indicated by the fact that (a) growth rates were lower in ad lib.-fed Zn-deficient rats compared with rats pair-fed on the control diet in two experiments, (b) Zn supplementation increased body-weights of Zn-deficient rats given a restricted amount of diet at a level at which they maintained weight if unsupplemented, (c) Zn supplementation maintained body-weights of Zn-deficient rats fed a restricted amount of diet at a level at which they lost weight if unsupplemented (d) since the ratio, muscle mass:body-weight was lower in the Zn-deficient rats than in the pair-fed control groups, the reduction in muscle mass was greater than the reduction in body-weight.
4. Zn concentrations were maintained in muscle, spleen and thymus, reduced in comparison to some but not all control groups in liver, kidney, testis and intestine, and markedly reduced in plasma and bone. In plasma, Zn concentrations varied inversely with the rate of change of body-weight during the cyclic changes in body-weight.
5. Calculation of the total Zn in the tissues examined showed a marked increase in muscle Zn with a similar loss from bone, indicating that Zn can be redistributed from bone to allow the growth of other tissues.
6. The magnitude of the increase in muscle Zn in the severely Zn-deficient rat, together with the magnitude of the total losses of muscle tissue during the catabolic phases of the cycling, indicate that in the Zn-deficient rat Zn may be highly conserved in catabolic states.
Type
Papers on General Nutrition
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1984
References
Bailey, N. T. J. (1981). Statistical Methods in Biology, 2nd ed., pp. 43–51. London: Hodder & Stoughton.Google Scholar
Brown, E. D., Chan, W. & Smith, J. C. (1978). Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Medicine 157, 211–214.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cassens, R. G., Hoekstra, W. G., Faltin, E. C. & Briskey, E. J. (1967). American Journal of Physiology 212, 688–492.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coates, M. E., O'Donoghue, P. N., Payne, P. R. & Ward, R. J. (1969). Dietary Standards for Laboratory Rats and Mice. Laboratory Animals Handbooks 2. London: Laboratory Animals Ltd.Google Scholar
Cuthbertson, D. P., Fell, G. S., Smith, C. M. & Tilstone, W. J. (1972). British Journal of Surgery 59, 925–931.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fell, G. S., Fleck, A., Cuthbertson, D. P., Queen, K., Morrison, C., Bessen, R. G. & Husain, S. L. (1973). Lancet i, 280–282.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fisher, R. A. & Yates, F. (1963). Statistical Tables for Biological, Agricultural and Medical Research, 6th ed. Edinburgh: Oliver & Boyd.Google Scholar
Fleming, C. R., Hodges, R. E. & Hurley, L. S. (1976). American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 29, 70–77.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Food and Nutrition Board (1974). Recommended Dietary Allowances, pp. 92–96. Washington, DC: National Academy of Science.Google Scholar
Georgievskii, V. I. (1982). In Mineral Nutrition of Animals, pp. 69–71 [Georgievskii, V. I., Annenkov, B. N. and Samokhin, V. T., editors]. London: Butterworths.Google Scholar
Giugliano, R. & Millward, D. J. (1984). Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 43, 76A–77A.Google Scholar
Halsted, J. A., Smith, J. C. S. & Irwin, M. I. (1974). Journal of Nutrition 104, 345–378.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hambidge, M. K. & Walravens, P. A. (1976). In Trace Elements in Human Health and Disease, vol 1, Zinc and Copper, pp. 21–34 [Prasad, A. S. and Oberleas, D., editors]. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Harland, B. F., Spivy-Fox, M. R. & Fry, B. E. (1975). Journal of Nutrition 105, 1509–1518.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jackson, M. J. (1980). Tissue zinc stores and whole body homeostatic mechanisms in man and the rat. PhD Thesis, University of London.Google Scholar
Jackson, M. J., Jones, D. A. & Edwards, R. H. T. (1982). Clinical Physiology 2, 333–343.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, S. A. (1969). In Mammalian Protein Metabolism, vol. 3, pp. 183–233 [Munro, H. N., editor]. New York and London: Acadmic Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mills, C. F. (1981). Progress in Clinical and Biological Research 77, 179–188.Google Scholar
Mills, C. F., Quarterman, J., Chesters, J. K., Williams, R. B. & Dalgarno, A. C. (1969). American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 22, 1240–1248.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O'Leary, M. J., McLain, C. J. & Hegarty, P. V. J. (1979): British Journal of Nutrition 42, 487–499.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Prasad, A. S. (1976). In Trace Elements in Human Health and Disease, vol. 1. Zinc and Copper, pp. 1–17. [Prasad, A. S. and Oberleas, D., editors]. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Prasad, A. S. (editor) (1978). In Trace Elements and Iron in Human Metabolism, pp. 251–346. New York and London: Plenum Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shrimpton, R. (1980). Studies on zinc nutrition in the Amazon Valley. PhD Thesis, University of London.Google Scholar
Underwood, E. J. (1977). Trace Elements In Human and Animal Nutrition, 4th ed. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Wilkins, P. J., Grey, P. C. & Dreosti, I. E. (1972). British Journal of Nutrition 27, 113–120.CrossRefGoogle Scholar