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Papers by Juan Pablo
Corporate scandals, financial crises, and/or management decisions driven exclusively by sharehold... more Corporate scandals, financial crises, and/or management decisions driven exclusively by shareholders’ interests have led to massive layouts. For-profit organizations and employment relationships based on transactional exchanges have been losing credibility. Hence, non-profit organizations, social enterprises, and ideologically driven work contracts are calling the attention of researchers from different disciplines. This paper presents an empirical research on the psychological ideological contents of the employee–employer relationship. The study was conducted in 19 organizations pertaining to the social enterprise sector. Using an exploratory structural equation modeling, the ideological components of the psychological contract and some of its behavioral and attitudinal consequences were explored. The findings suggest that, within social enterprises, the ideological components of the employee–employer relationship have a positive influence on both perceptions of respect and job satisfaction. Finally, theoretical and practical implications, as well as directions for future research on psychological contracts in the social enterprise sector, are presented.
Objective: Although relief from suffering is essential in healthcare and palliative care, few eff... more Objective: Although relief from suffering is essential in healthcare and palliative care, few
efforts have aimed at defining, operationalizing, and developing standards for its detection,
assessment, and relief. In order to accurately explore and identify factors that contribute to
suffering, more attention needs to be focused on quality assessment and measurement, not only
for assessment purposes but also to test the effectiveness of interventions in relieving suffering.
The scope of the present paper is to discuss the strategies that aid in the detection and
assessment of the suffering experience in patients with chronic illnesses and/or in palliative
care settings, and the dilemmas commonly encountered regarding the quality of available
assessment measures.
Method: A general description of instruments available for suffering assessment is provided.
Matters regarding the accuracy of the measures are discussed. Finally, some dilemmas
regarding the quality of the measures to screen for and assess suffering are presented.
Results: There have been some achievements toward adequate suffering assessment.
However, a more robust theoretical background is needed, and empirical evidence aimed at
supporting it is required. In addition, further examination of the psychometric characteristics of
instruments in different populations and cultural contexts is needed.
Significance of results: An interesting number of assessment measures are now available for
use in the palliative care setting, employing innovative approaches. However, further
examination and validation in different contexts is required to find high-quality tools for
detection of suffering and assessment of the results of intervention.
This paper reports a cross-country study on the ideological aspects of the psychological contract... more This paper reports a cross-country study on the ideological aspects of the psychological contract. The
study was conducted among Colombian (N = 335) and Italian (N = 327) employees working in social enterprises. The aim
of the study was threefold: first, we wanted to establish the relevance of ideological contracts among social enterprises,
which are value-driven organizations; second, the study was aimed at establishing the degree of invariance of a measure
that assesses the ideological obligations of employers and employees; third, a mediated model of organizational and
employee ideological obligations was tested using employee pride as the outcome. Findings provide support for the
study’s hypotheses and objectives. We discuss the implications of our findings for our understanding of the ideological
dimension of psychological contracts among social enterprises
This article reports the results of a study inquiring about the role of education-related factors... more This article reports the results of a study inquiring about the role of education-related factors in the development of cultural intelligence. Five hundred fifty-seven students of a Colombian international business (IB) undergraduate program participated in the study. The psychometric properties of the measures were assessed by conducting exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, and by calculating the corresponding reliability coefficients. T-tests and ANOVA analyses were carried out to test the hypotheses of the study. The results of the study suggest that second language proficiency, multicultural team membership, and participation in curricular and extracurricular activities promote the development of the cultural intelligence of undergraduate IB students
Resumen Objetivo: determinar las propiedades psicométricas de dos escalas utilizadas para evaluar... more Resumen Objetivo: determinar las propiedades psicométricas de dos escalas utilizadas para evaluar las actitudes en torno a los cuidados paliativos: La Escala de Confort en Cuidados Paliativos (ECCP) de Pereira et al., y la Escala de Tanatofobia (ET) de Merrill et al. Método: Participaron 77 alumnos de 7 cursos virtuales de aspectos psicosociales en cuidados paliativos entre 2010 y 2013. Estos respondieron las escalas de medida antes y después del curso. Se examinó la validez y la fiabilidad de la ECCP y de la ET a través de un análisis de componentes principales, el coefi-ciente de consistencia interna y el test-retest. Se realizó una comparación de los resultados pre-curso y post-curso para determinar cam-bios en las actitudes evaluadas. Resultados: El análisis de componentes principales se ajustó satisfactoriamente a los datos y se extrajeron 3 componentes: dos para la ECCP y uno para la ET, explicando el 55,37% de la varianza. El Alfa de Cronbach fue satisfactorio en todos los casos. Las co-rrelaciones test-retest en t1 y t2 no resultaron significativas, esto indica que la relación entre la primera y la segunda medición en las esca-las no fue estrecha. Los cursos ocasionaron un Abstract Objective: To determine the psychometric properties of two scales designed to examine attitudes regarding palliative care: Comfort Scale in Palliative Care (CSPC, Pereira et al.) and Tanatophobia Scale (TS, Merrill et al.) Method: Seventy-seven students who completed an online course on psychosocial aspects of palliative care offered by the Latin American Association of Palliative Care participated in the study. They also completed the scales before and after the course. Construct validity and reliability of the CSPC and the TS were assessed using a Principal Components Analysis, internal reliability coefficient and test-retest reliability. Further, comparative statistics between the pre-course and post-course results were obtained in order to determine changes in attitudes. Results: The Principal Components Analysis showed satisfactory fit to the data. 3 components were extracted: two for the CSPC and one for the TS, which explained 55.37% of the variance. Internal consistency coefficients were satisfactory in all cases and Cronbach´s Alphas were satisfactory for all the scales, particularly for the CSPC. Test-retest reliability in t1 and t2 was found to be
Resumen " Análisis de las relaciones establecidas por algunos sujetos con culturas organizacional... more Resumen " Análisis de las relaciones establecidas por algunos sujetos con culturas organizacionales de empresas multinacionales extranjeras operando en Medellín " , es una investigación social cualitativa acerca del impacto cultural que, a través de su influencia organizacional, tienen algunas multinacionales en Antioquia. Toma como principales referentes teóricos algunos conceptos psicoanalíticos como subjetividad, identificación y sujeto. Al final del escrito, antecedidas por una descripción del correspondiente análisis de la información, se presentan algunas consideraciones preliminares acerca de las relaciones que establecen los entrevistados con las culturas organizacionales de algunas multinacionales. Abstract "Analysis of the relationship established by some subjects with the organizational cultures of foreign multinationals operating in Medellin", is a qualitative social research about the cultural impact that some multinationals have in Antioquia through its organizational influence. As main theoretical reference, it takes some psychoanalytic concepts such as subjectivity, identification and subject. At the
Adesão à causa, atitudes e comportamentos positivos nas organizações híbridas colombianas Adhesió... more Adesão à causa, atitudes e comportamentos positivos nas organizações híbridas colombianas Adhesión a la causa, actitudes y comportamientos positivos en organizaciones híbridas colombianas ABSTRACT Socially oriented ventures have provided livelihoods and social recognition to disadvantaged communities in different corners of the world. In some cases, these ventures are the result of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) programs. In Latin America, this type of undertaking has responded positively to unmet social needs. The social cause drives these organizations and their human resources and they give high value to organizational cause-fit. This paper presents empirical evidence of the effects of perceived cause-fit on several worker attitudes and behaviors. Psychological contract theory was adopted as theoretical background. Employees working in a hybrid (for-profit/socially oriented) Colombian organization created by a CSR program participated in the survey. Data provided by 218 employees were analyzed using PLS structural equation modeling. The results suggest the ideological components of the employee-employer relationship predict positive attitudes and cooperative organizational behaviors towards hybrid organizations. RESUMO Empreendimentos orientados ao social fornecem sustento e reconhecimento social para comunidades des-favorecidas em diferentes partes do mundo. Em alguns casos, estes empreendimentos são o resultado de programas de Responsabilidade social empresarial (RSE). Na América Latina este tipo de empreendimento tem respondido positivamente às necessidades sociais. A causa social dirige essas organizações e seus recursos humanos, e valoriza a adesão à causa organizacional. O artigo apresenta uma evidência empírica em relação aos efeitos percebidos de adesão à causa sobre as atitudes e comportamentos dos trabalhadores. O estudo foi baseado na teoria do contrato psicológico. Empregados de uma empresa colombiana híbrida (fins lucrativos/orientação social) criada a partir de uma iniciativa da RSE participaram da investigação. Os dados foram analisados através da modelação por equações estruturais (PLS). Os resultados indicam que os componentes ideológicos da relação empregado-empregador tem atitudes positivas e comportamentos cooperativos paras as organizações híbridas. PALAVRAS-CHAVE | Organizações híbridas, Responsabilidade Social Empresarial, missão social, comporta-mentos colaborativos, empreendedorismo social. RESUMEN Las empresas orientadas hacia lo social proveen reconocimiento social y sustento para comunidades en situación de desventaja. En algunos casos, estas empresas son el resultado de programas de Responsabili-dad Social Empresarial (RSE). En América Latina, este tipo de emprendimiento ha respondido positivamente a necesidades sociales. Los recursos humanos de dichas empresas están altamente motivados por la misión social de la organización y le dan mucho valor al grado en el cual la empresa se ajusta a esta. El presente artículo presenta una investigación empírica acerca del ajuste de dichas organizaciones a su misión social y el efecto que este tiene sobre las actitudes y comportamientos de los trabajadores. El estudio se basó en la teoría del contrato psicológico. Los empleados de una empresa colombiana híbrida (ánimo de lucro/ orientación social) creada a partir de una iniciativa de RSE participaron en la investigación. Los datos fueron analizados a través de la modelación por ecuaciones estructurales (PLS). Los resultados indican que el ajuste de las organizaciones híbridas a su misión social tiene efectos positivos sobre la satisfacción de los trabajadores y sobre comportamientos colaborativos hacia la empresa.
Antecedentes das intenções da rotatividade nas cooperativas colombianas Antecedents of turnover i... more Antecedentes das intenções da rotatividade nas cooperativas colombianas Antecedents of turnover intentions in Colombian cooperatives RESUMEN El artículo describe un estudio cuantitativo sobre las intenciones de dejar la organización por parte de los trabajadores de algunas cooperativas colombianas. Las 3 empresas participantes fueron crea-das con el fin de dar empleo a la población femenina local golpeada por la violencia política. Este tipo de empresas, de estructura cooperativista y organizadas alrededor de una misión social fundamental , enfrentan problemas de reclutamiento y retención de personal. 332 trabajadores participaron en la investigación. Para el análisis de datos se utilizó la metodología SEM. Los resultados indican que el intercambio líder-miembro tiene un efecto negativo indirecto sobre las intenciones de dejar la organi-zación. En congruencia con la investigación precedente, esta relación aparece mediada por el apoyo organizacional percibido. Se encontró que la implicación en el trabajo también mediaba el efecto de la relación líder-miembro sobre las intenciones de dejar la organización. Algunas limitaciones del estudio, consideraciones prácticas/teóricas son presentadas al final del artículo. PALABRAS-CLAVE | Intenciones de dejar la organización, cooperativas, Colombia, intercambio líder-miembro. RESUMO O artigo descreve um estudo quantitativo sobre as intenções da rotatividade por parte dos trabalha-dores de algumas cooperativas colombianas. As três empresas participantes foram criadas com o ob-jetivo de fornecer emprego para a população feminina local vitimada pela violência política. Este tipo de empresa, de estrutura cooperativista e organizada ao redor de uma missão social fundamental, enfrenta problemas de recrutamento e retenção de pessoal. 332 trabalhadores participaram da pes-quisa. Para a análise de dados, a metodologia foi a Modelagem por Equações Estruturais. Os resul-tados indicam que o intercâmbio líder-membro possui um efeito negativo indireto sobre as intenções da rotatividade. Em congruência com pesquisa precedente, esta relação parece mediada pelo apoio organizacional percebido. Descobriu-se que a inserção no trabalho também mediava o efeito da rela-ção líder-membro sobre as intenções da rotatividade. Algumas limitações do estudo e considerações práticas e teóricas são apresentadas no final do artigo. ABSTRACT This paper presents a study on the intentions to quit of employees working in Colombian cooperatives. These enterprises were created to include woman affected by political violence into the labor market. According to some scholars, cooperative enterprises driven by a fundamental social mission face retention and recruitment problems. 332 workers participated in the survey. Structural Equation Modeling was used for data analyses. The findings suggest that within this type of enterprise, leader-member exchange has a negative indirect effect on turnover intentions. Consistent with previous research, this relationship is mediated by perceived organizational support. Moreover, the relationship between leader member exchange and turnover intentions is also mediated by job-embeddedness. The limitations of the study as well as practical and theoretical implications are presented at the end of the paper.
Resumen Con este escrito se trata de poner en cuestión los fundamentos teóricos a partir de los c... more Resumen Con este escrito se trata de poner en cuestión los fundamentos teóricos a partir de los cuales se ha generado una serie de herramientas que se utilizan con frecuencia en el ámbito de los negocios internacionales. Al tratar de facilitar los encuentros interculturales, algunas posturas teóricas —ilustradas con el nombre y la obra de Geert Hofstede— se basan en nociones de cultura que solo dan cuenta parcial, cuando mucho, del fenómeno al que este concepto se refiere. Después de proponer un debate en torno a la noción descriptiva de cultura en que dichas posiciones se apoyan, se pretende demostrar, desde nociones como sujeto, identificación y cultura, con un enfoque teórico diverso, las limitaciones que en términos de validez y confiabilidad presentan las herramientas en mención. Abstract This paper questions the theoretical background that constitutes the basis of well known instruments frequently used in international business. Some theoretical approaches that aim to facilitate intercultural encounters-represented by the work of Geert Hofstede – are based on a descriptive notion of culture, which is just partially useful in the comprehension of the cultural phenomenon. A debate about the descriptive concept of culture is proposed. Taking into account notions such as individual, identification, and culture, and diverse theoretical points of view, the author shows the limitations of the instruments mentioned in terms of validity and reliability.
Compromiso con el trabajo como mediador entre participación percibida, aporte de supervisor y com... more Compromiso con el trabajo como mediador entre participación percibida, aporte de supervisor y comportamientos altruistas: resultados empíricos desde el sector italiano de empresas sociales a b s t R a C t This research note presents an empirical study conducted in a number of social cooperatives (SCoops). Democratic governance has been identified as a defining aspect of this kind of social enterprise. Using the work and organizational psychology approach, the authors studied the effects of democratic governance and supervisor support on workers' engagement and organizational citizenship behaviors. The convenience sample technique was used for gathering the data. Data was collected with a self-administered questionnaire. The sample consisted of 258 participants from three different Scoops situated in northern Italy. Statistical analysis results suggest that worker's perceived participation and supervisor support enhance work engagement, and subsequently , altruistic behaviors. Finally, the authors comment on the limitations of the study giving methodological suggestions for future empirical research.
Context: Suffering is a complex experience. Identifying its predictors is useful to signal at-ris... more Context: Suffering is a complex experience. Identifying its predictors is useful to signal at-risk patients. Objective: To identify suffering predictors in patients with advanced cancer in palliative care. Methods: A total of 98 patients participated in the study. A semistructured interview examining suffering levels and physical, psychological, social, and spiritual aspects was used. Instruments included Pictorial Representation of Illness and Self Measure (PRISM), Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS), Detection of emotional distress (DED), and Structured Interview of Symptoms and Concern (SISC). Variance-based structural equation model was used for the data analysis. Results: All measures were valid and reliable. The structural model explained 64% of the variance. Suffering levels were directly determined by psychological and adjustment problems and indirectly determined by physical, psychological, and spiritual aspects and coping strategies. Conclusion: Our study supports the proposed theoretical model and signals the important mediating effect of psychological and spiritual variables between physical symptoms and suffering.
miscs by Juan Pablo
Purpose The purpose of this article is to show how a group of Colombian millennials perceive diff... more Purpose The purpose of this article is to show how a group of Colombian millennials perceive different aspects of working life and how their ideas about job satisfaction, professional expectations and levels of autonomy are related to contemporary demands about inclusion, diversity, equity, autonomy and control.Design/methodology/approach With this objective, 167 semi-structured interviews were conducted with millennials who work at 10 Colombian companies from the manufacturing and service sectors, located in the five main cities of the country. With a qualitative approach, in the interviews, the research team used a strategy inspired by the technique of generating visual structures associated with grounded theory.Findings It is concluded that new generations of Colombian workers know of the importance of rewards and autonomy in work and are more critical and less passive in the face of unhealthy working conditions. At the same time, their conduct and speeches are the consequence of the characteristics of the Colombian labour market. The document responds to the need to deepen the debates on welfare and happiness in organizations and to include the demands of millennials in the reflective and political horizon of the ideas of healthy employment and decent work. In practice, this article seeks to demystify ideas about millennials in Colombia and critically contribute to reflection on intergenerational relations in organizations and salary and welfare models. As a Latin American case, it is an original contribution that avoids the common places and the frivolity with which the insertion of the new generations into the working world has been analysed.Practical implications In practice, this paper seeks to demystify ideas about millennials in Colombia and critically contribute to reflection on intergenerational relations in organizations and salary and welfare models.Originality/value As a Latin American case, it is an original contribution that avoids the common places and the frivolity with which the insertion of the new generations into the working world has been analysed.
articles by Juan Pablo
Corporate scandals, financial crises, and/or management decisions driven exclusively by sharehold... more Corporate scandals, financial crises, and/or management decisions driven exclusively by shareholders’ interests have led to massive layouts. For-profit organizations and employment relationships based on transactional exchanges have been losing credibility. Hence, non-profit organizations, social enterprises, and ideologically driven work contracts are calling the attention of researchers from different disciplines. This paper presents an empirical research on the psychological ideological contents of the employee–employer relationship. The study was conducted in 19 organizations pertaining to the social enterprise sector. Using an exploratory structural equation modeling, the ideological components of the psychological contract and some of its behavioral and attitudinal consequences were explored. The findings suggest that, within social enterprises, the ideological components of the employee–employer relationship have a positive influence on both perceptions of respect and job satisfaction. Finally, theoretical and practical implications, as well as directions for future research on psychological contracts in the social enterprise sector, are presented.
Objective: Although relief from suffering is essential in healthcare and palliative care, few eff... more Objective: Although relief from suffering is essential in healthcare and palliative care, few
efforts have aimed at defining, operationalizing, and developing standards for its detection,
assessment, and relief. In order to accurately explore and identify factors that contribute to
suffering, more attention needs to be focused on quality assessment and measurement, not only
for assessment purposes but also to test the effectiveness of interventions in relieving suffering.
The scope of the present paper is to discuss the strategies that aid in the detection and
assessment of the suffering experience in patients with chronic illnesses and/or in palliative
care settings, and the dilemmas commonly encountered regarding the quality of available
assessment measures.
Method: A general description of instruments available for suffering assessment is provided.
Matters regarding the accuracy of the measures are discussed. Finally, some dilemmas
regarding the quality of the measures to screen for and assess suffering are presented.
Results: There have been some achievements toward adequate suffering assessment.
However, a more robust theoretical background is needed, and empirical evidence aimed at
supporting it is required. In addition, further examination of the psychometric characteristics of
instruments in different populations and cultural contexts is needed.
Significance of results: An interesting number of assessment measures are now available for
use in the palliative care setting, employing innovative approaches. However, further
examination and validation in different contexts is required to find high-quality tools for
detection of suffering and assessment of the results of intervention.
This paper reports a cross-country study on the ideological aspects of the psychological contract... more This paper reports a cross-country study on the ideological aspects of the psychological contract. The
study was conducted among Colombian (N = 335) and Italian (N = 327) employees working in social enterprises. The aim
of the study was threefold: first, we wanted to establish the relevance of ideological contracts among social enterprises,
which are value-driven organizations; second, the study was aimed at establishing the degree of invariance of a measure
that assesses the ideological obligations of employers and employees; third, a mediated model of organizational and
employee ideological obligations was tested using employee pride as the outcome. Findings provide support for the
study’s hypotheses and objectives. We discuss the implications of our findings for our understanding of the ideological
dimension of psychological contracts among social enterprises
This article reports the results of a study inquiring about the role of education-related factors... more This article reports the results of a study inquiring about the role of education-related factors in the development of cultural intelligence. Five hundred fifty-seven students of a Colombian international business (IB) undergraduate program participated in the study. The psychometric properties of the measures were assessed by conducting exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, and by calculating the corresponding reliability coefficients. T-tests and ANOVA analyses were carried out to test the hypotheses of the study. The results of the study suggest that second language proficiency, multicultural team membership, and participation in curricular and extracurricular activities promote the development of the cultural intelligence of undergraduate IB students
Resumen Objetivo: determinar las propiedades psicométricas de dos escalas utilizadas para evaluar... more Resumen Objetivo: determinar las propiedades psicométricas de dos escalas utilizadas para evaluar las actitudes en torno a los cuidados paliativos: La Escala de Confort en Cuidados Paliativos (ECCP) de Pereira et al., y la Escala de Tanatofobia (ET) de Merrill et al. Método: Participaron 77 alumnos de 7 cursos virtuales de aspectos psicosociales en cuidados paliativos entre 2010 y 2013. Estos respondieron las escalas de medida antes y después del curso. Se examinó la validez y la fiabilidad de la ECCP y de la ET a través de un análisis de componentes principales, el coefi-ciente de consistencia interna y el test-retest. Se realizó una comparación de los resultados pre-curso y post-curso para determinar cam-bios en las actitudes evaluadas. Resultados: El análisis de componentes principales se ajustó satisfactoriamente a los datos y se extrajeron 3 componentes: dos para la ECCP y uno para la ET, explicando el 55,37% de la varianza. El Alfa de Cronbach fue satisfactorio en todos los casos. Las co-rrelaciones test-retest en t1 y t2 no resultaron significativas, esto indica que la relación entre la primera y la segunda medición en las esca-las no fue estrecha. Los cursos ocasionaron un Abstract Objective: To determine the psychometric properties of two scales designed to examine attitudes regarding palliative care: Comfort Scale in Palliative Care (CSPC, Pereira et al.) and Tanatophobia Scale (TS, Merrill et al.) Method: Seventy-seven students who completed an online course on psychosocial aspects of palliative care offered by the Latin American Association of Palliative Care participated in the study. They also completed the scales before and after the course. Construct validity and reliability of the CSPC and the TS were assessed using a Principal Components Analysis, internal reliability coefficient and test-retest reliability. Further, comparative statistics between the pre-course and post-course results were obtained in order to determine changes in attitudes. Results: The Principal Components Analysis showed satisfactory fit to the data. 3 components were extracted: two for the CSPC and one for the TS, which explained 55.37% of the variance. Internal consistency coefficients were satisfactory in all cases and Cronbach´s Alphas were satisfactory for all the scales, particularly for the CSPC. Test-retest reliability in t1 and t2 was found to be
Resumen " Análisis de las relaciones establecidas por algunos sujetos con culturas organizacional... more Resumen " Análisis de las relaciones establecidas por algunos sujetos con culturas organizacionales de empresas multinacionales extranjeras operando en Medellín " , es una investigación social cualitativa acerca del impacto cultural que, a través de su influencia organizacional, tienen algunas multinacionales en Antioquia. Toma como principales referentes teóricos algunos conceptos psicoanalíticos como subjetividad, identificación y sujeto. Al final del escrito, antecedidas por una descripción del correspondiente análisis de la información, se presentan algunas consideraciones preliminares acerca de las relaciones que establecen los entrevistados con las culturas organizacionales de algunas multinacionales. Abstract "Analysis of the relationship established by some subjects with the organizational cultures of foreign multinationals operating in Medellin", is a qualitative social research about the cultural impact that some multinationals have in Antioquia through its organizational influence. As main theoretical reference, it takes some psychoanalytic concepts such as subjectivity, identification and subject. At the
Adesão à causa, atitudes e comportamentos positivos nas organizações híbridas colombianas Adhesió... more Adesão à causa, atitudes e comportamentos positivos nas organizações híbridas colombianas Adhesión a la causa, actitudes y comportamientos positivos en organizaciones híbridas colombianas ABSTRACT Socially oriented ventures have provided livelihoods and social recognition to disadvantaged communities in different corners of the world. In some cases, these ventures are the result of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) programs. In Latin America, this type of undertaking has responded positively to unmet social needs. The social cause drives these organizations and their human resources and they give high value to organizational cause-fit. This paper presents empirical evidence of the effects of perceived cause-fit on several worker attitudes and behaviors. Psychological contract theory was adopted as theoretical background. Employees working in a hybrid (for-profit/socially oriented) Colombian organization created by a CSR program participated in the survey. Data provided by 218 employees were analyzed using PLS structural equation modeling. The results suggest the ideological components of the employee-employer relationship predict positive attitudes and cooperative organizational behaviors towards hybrid organizations. RESUMO Empreendimentos orientados ao social fornecem sustento e reconhecimento social para comunidades des-favorecidas em diferentes partes do mundo. Em alguns casos, estes empreendimentos são o resultado de programas de Responsabilidade social empresarial (RSE). Na América Latina este tipo de empreendimento tem respondido positivamente às necessidades sociais. A causa social dirige essas organizações e seus recursos humanos, e valoriza a adesão à causa organizacional. O artigo apresenta uma evidência empírica em relação aos efeitos percebidos de adesão à causa sobre as atitudes e comportamentos dos trabalhadores. O estudo foi baseado na teoria do contrato psicológico. Empregados de uma empresa colombiana híbrida (fins lucrativos/orientação social) criada a partir de uma iniciativa da RSE participaram da investigação. Os dados foram analisados através da modelação por equações estruturais (PLS). Os resultados indicam que os componentes ideológicos da relação empregado-empregador tem atitudes positivas e comportamentos cooperativos paras as organizações híbridas. PALAVRAS-CHAVE | Organizações híbridas, Responsabilidade Social Empresarial, missão social, comporta-mentos colaborativos, empreendedorismo social. RESUMEN Las empresas orientadas hacia lo social proveen reconocimiento social y sustento para comunidades en situación de desventaja. En algunos casos, estas empresas son el resultado de programas de Responsabili-dad Social Empresarial (RSE). En América Latina, este tipo de emprendimiento ha respondido positivamente a necesidades sociales. Los recursos humanos de dichas empresas están altamente motivados por la misión social de la organización y le dan mucho valor al grado en el cual la empresa se ajusta a esta. El presente artículo presenta una investigación empírica acerca del ajuste de dichas organizaciones a su misión social y el efecto que este tiene sobre las actitudes y comportamientos de los trabajadores. El estudio se basó en la teoría del contrato psicológico. Los empleados de una empresa colombiana híbrida (ánimo de lucro/ orientación social) creada a partir de una iniciativa de RSE participaron en la investigación. Los datos fueron analizados a través de la modelación por ecuaciones estructurales (PLS). Los resultados indican que el ajuste de las organizaciones híbridas a su misión social tiene efectos positivos sobre la satisfacción de los trabajadores y sobre comportamientos colaborativos hacia la empresa.
Antecedentes das intenções da rotatividade nas cooperativas colombianas Antecedents of turnover i... more Antecedentes das intenções da rotatividade nas cooperativas colombianas Antecedents of turnover intentions in Colombian cooperatives RESUMEN El artículo describe un estudio cuantitativo sobre las intenciones de dejar la organización por parte de los trabajadores de algunas cooperativas colombianas. Las 3 empresas participantes fueron crea-das con el fin de dar empleo a la población femenina local golpeada por la violencia política. Este tipo de empresas, de estructura cooperativista y organizadas alrededor de una misión social fundamental , enfrentan problemas de reclutamiento y retención de personal. 332 trabajadores participaron en la investigación. Para el análisis de datos se utilizó la metodología SEM. Los resultados indican que el intercambio líder-miembro tiene un efecto negativo indirecto sobre las intenciones de dejar la organi-zación. En congruencia con la investigación precedente, esta relación aparece mediada por el apoyo organizacional percibido. Se encontró que la implicación en el trabajo también mediaba el efecto de la relación líder-miembro sobre las intenciones de dejar la organización. Algunas limitaciones del estudio, consideraciones prácticas/teóricas son presentadas al final del artículo. PALABRAS-CLAVE | Intenciones de dejar la organización, cooperativas, Colombia, intercambio líder-miembro. RESUMO O artigo descreve um estudo quantitativo sobre as intenções da rotatividade por parte dos trabalha-dores de algumas cooperativas colombianas. As três empresas participantes foram criadas com o ob-jetivo de fornecer emprego para a população feminina local vitimada pela violência política. Este tipo de empresa, de estrutura cooperativista e organizada ao redor de uma missão social fundamental, enfrenta problemas de recrutamento e retenção de pessoal. 332 trabalhadores participaram da pes-quisa. Para a análise de dados, a metodologia foi a Modelagem por Equações Estruturais. Os resul-tados indicam que o intercâmbio líder-membro possui um efeito negativo indireto sobre as intenções da rotatividade. Em congruência com pesquisa precedente, esta relação parece mediada pelo apoio organizacional percebido. Descobriu-se que a inserção no trabalho também mediava o efeito da rela-ção líder-membro sobre as intenções da rotatividade. Algumas limitações do estudo e considerações práticas e teóricas são apresentadas no final do artigo. ABSTRACT This paper presents a study on the intentions to quit of employees working in Colombian cooperatives. These enterprises were created to include woman affected by political violence into the labor market. According to some scholars, cooperative enterprises driven by a fundamental social mission face retention and recruitment problems. 332 workers participated in the survey. Structural Equation Modeling was used for data analyses. The findings suggest that within this type of enterprise, leader-member exchange has a negative indirect effect on turnover intentions. Consistent with previous research, this relationship is mediated by perceived organizational support. Moreover, the relationship between leader member exchange and turnover intentions is also mediated by job-embeddedness. The limitations of the study as well as practical and theoretical implications are presented at the end of the paper.
Resumen Con este escrito se trata de poner en cuestión los fundamentos teóricos a partir de los c... more Resumen Con este escrito se trata de poner en cuestión los fundamentos teóricos a partir de los cuales se ha generado una serie de herramientas que se utilizan con frecuencia en el ámbito de los negocios internacionales. Al tratar de facilitar los encuentros interculturales, algunas posturas teóricas —ilustradas con el nombre y la obra de Geert Hofstede— se basan en nociones de cultura que solo dan cuenta parcial, cuando mucho, del fenómeno al que este concepto se refiere. Después de proponer un debate en torno a la noción descriptiva de cultura en que dichas posiciones se apoyan, se pretende demostrar, desde nociones como sujeto, identificación y cultura, con un enfoque teórico diverso, las limitaciones que en términos de validez y confiabilidad presentan las herramientas en mención. Abstract This paper questions the theoretical background that constitutes the basis of well known instruments frequently used in international business. Some theoretical approaches that aim to facilitate intercultural encounters-represented by the work of Geert Hofstede – are based on a descriptive notion of culture, which is just partially useful in the comprehension of the cultural phenomenon. A debate about the descriptive concept of culture is proposed. Taking into account notions such as individual, identification, and culture, and diverse theoretical points of view, the author shows the limitations of the instruments mentioned in terms of validity and reliability.
Compromiso con el trabajo como mediador entre participación percibida, aporte de supervisor y com... more Compromiso con el trabajo como mediador entre participación percibida, aporte de supervisor y comportamientos altruistas: resultados empíricos desde el sector italiano de empresas sociales a b s t R a C t This research note presents an empirical study conducted in a number of social cooperatives (SCoops). Democratic governance has been identified as a defining aspect of this kind of social enterprise. Using the work and organizational psychology approach, the authors studied the effects of democratic governance and supervisor support on workers' engagement and organizational citizenship behaviors. The convenience sample technique was used for gathering the data. Data was collected with a self-administered questionnaire. The sample consisted of 258 participants from three different Scoops situated in northern Italy. Statistical analysis results suggest that worker's perceived participation and supervisor support enhance work engagement, and subsequently , altruistic behaviors. Finally, the authors comment on the limitations of the study giving methodological suggestions for future empirical research.
Context: Suffering is a complex experience. Identifying its predictors is useful to signal at-ris... more Context: Suffering is a complex experience. Identifying its predictors is useful to signal at-risk patients. Objective: To identify suffering predictors in patients with advanced cancer in palliative care. Methods: A total of 98 patients participated in the study. A semistructured interview examining suffering levels and physical, psychological, social, and spiritual aspects was used. Instruments included Pictorial Representation of Illness and Self Measure (PRISM), Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS), Detection of emotional distress (DED), and Structured Interview of Symptoms and Concern (SISC). Variance-based structural equation model was used for the data analysis. Results: All measures were valid and reliable. The structural model explained 64% of the variance. Suffering levels were directly determined by psychological and adjustment problems and indirectly determined by physical, psychological, and spiritual aspects and coping strategies. Conclusion: Our study supports the proposed theoretical model and signals the important mediating effect of psychological and spiritual variables between physical symptoms and suffering.
Purpose The purpose of this article is to show how a group of Colombian millennials perceive diff... more Purpose The purpose of this article is to show how a group of Colombian millennials perceive different aspects of working life and how their ideas about job satisfaction, professional expectations and levels of autonomy are related to contemporary demands about inclusion, diversity, equity, autonomy and control.Design/methodology/approach With this objective, 167 semi-structured interviews were conducted with millennials who work at 10 Colombian companies from the manufacturing and service sectors, located in the five main cities of the country. With a qualitative approach, in the interviews, the research team used a strategy inspired by the technique of generating visual structures associated with grounded theory.Findings It is concluded that new generations of Colombian workers know of the importance of rewards and autonomy in work and are more critical and less passive in the face of unhealthy working conditions. At the same time, their conduct and speeches are the consequence of the characteristics of the Colombian labour market. The document responds to the need to deepen the debates on welfare and happiness in organizations and to include the demands of millennials in the reflective and political horizon of the ideas of healthy employment and decent work. In practice, this article seeks to demystify ideas about millennials in Colombia and critically contribute to reflection on intergenerational relations in organizations and salary and welfare models. As a Latin American case, it is an original contribution that avoids the common places and the frivolity with which the insertion of the new generations into the working world has been analysed.Practical implications In practice, this paper seeks to demystify ideas about millennials in Colombia and critically contribute to reflection on intergenerational relations in organizations and salary and welfare models.Originality/value As a Latin American case, it is an original contribution that avoids the common places and the frivolity with which the insertion of the new generations into the working world has been analysed.
Cultural intelligence (CQ) has been regarded as a key factor in international business success. A... more Cultural intelligence (CQ) has been regarded as a key factor in international business success. A recently validated scale, the Business Cultural Intelligence Quotient (BCIQ), refines the CQ concept by applying it exclusively to the business context. The BCIQ aims at predicting long-term cross-cultural success using a combination of CQ factors, cognitive features, and measurable independent variables (Alon et al., 2016b). Using the multigroup exploratory factor analysis approach, we found low measurement invariance for the (BCIQ) instrument across eight countries (Austria, Chile, Colombia, Greece, Philippines, Poland, Spain, and Venezuela). Global knowledge was included as a covariate in the invariance test. We found that type of performance is related to some BCIQ dimensions in our multicountry sample of professionals. Our results provide additional evidence about the construct validity of the BCIQ and its appropriateness for cross-cultural applications. By knowing that the BCIQ is a reliable cross-cultural instrument for the measurement of CQ applied to the business context, managers can benefit by identifying the right individuals for international business assignments.
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to empirically study the effect of employee involvement in t... more Purpose The purpose of this paper is to empirically study the effect of employee involvement in the workplace on job satisfaction for millennial workers in Colombia. Design/methodology/approach Data were obtained from a sample of 2103 millennial employees working in 11 companies of different sectors located in the five main cities of Colombia. Ordered probit models were estimated to study the effect of employee involvement on job satisfaction, in general, and how different forms of participative decision making in the workplace produce different impacts on individual satisfaction with objective and intrinsic aspects of the job, in particular. Findings The empirical results show that, for millennial workers, there is a positive link between employee involvement and job satisfaction. Moreover, there is a higher positive impact on job satisfaction when millennial workers participate in decisions on general aspects of the company than when they participate in specific decisions such as those concerning teamwork or main tasks at work. Another interesting result is that millennial workers attach high importance to intrinsic aspects of their jobs (such as the possibility to use their knowledge in the work), which may improve their satisfaction in a higher participative environment. Research limitations/implications The results can present bias due to the use of self-report data from millennial workers. Another potential limitation is the cross-sectional nature of the data, which does not control for unobserved individual effects. The study may be extended to other developing countries to help identify results more precisely for different contexts. Originality/value The value lies in exploring the relationship between employee involvement and job satisfaction for millennial workers in the context of a developing country. The paper simultaneously considers different types of employee involvement and estimates their effects on different facets of job satisfaction.
El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la estructura factorial y la invarianza entre grupos del ... more El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la estructura factorial y la invarianza entre grupos del Cuestionario de Dependencia Emocional (CDE) mediante una muestra aleatoria de 569 universitarios, 67.8{\%} mujeres y 51.2{\%} con pareja. El An{\'{a}}lisis Factorial Confirmatorio Multigrupo (AFCMG) mostr{\'{o}} invarianza m{\'{e}}trica para el CDE. Espec{\'{i}}ficamente, los resultados indicaron que cinco de las seis escalas del cuestionario poseen varianzas extra{\'{i}}das promedio superiores al 53{\%} y una fiabilidad compuesta superior a .75. La escala de Expresi{\'{o}}n l{\'{i}}mite fue excluida porque no cumpli{\'{o}} con el criterio de validez convergente. Se encontr{\'{o}} que el CDE posee invarianza m{\'{e}}trica fuerte entre sexos, chi\chichi2(365) = 750.14, p{\textless}.05; RMSEA= .07; CFI= 0.92; TLI= .92; y presencia o no de pareja, chi\chichi2(365) = 750.30, p{\textless}.05; RMSEA= .06; CFI= .92; TLI = .92.
Objetivo: evaluar los factores psicosociales asociados al estr{\'{e}}s en una muestra de profesor... more Objetivo: evaluar los factores psicosociales asociados al estr{\'{e}}s en una muestra de profesores de una universidad privada colombiana. M{\'{e}}todo: Estudio descriptivo correlacional de una muestra intencional de 61 profesores (rango de edad 25 a 63 a{\~{n}}os; 65,6 {\%} hombres). Se utilizaron el cuestionario de salud del paciente PHQ-9, Cuestionario de Ansiedad generalizada GAD-7, Escala de estr{\'{e}}s percibido PSS-14 y un cuestionario sobre factores psicosociales laborales. Adicionalmente se midi{\'{o}} la presi{\'{o}}n arterial. Resultados: El 21.3 {\%} de los profesores presentan niveles significativos de estr{\'{e}}s. Hay mayor necesidad de trabajar en casa, interferencia familia-trabajo y trabajo-familia en profesores con estr{\'{e}}s, mientras que el control es menor. Cabe anotar que estos profesores tambi{\'{e}}n presentan mayor sintomatolog{\'{i}}a emocional. El modelo final mostr{\'{o}} que la necesidad de trabajar en casa y la interferencia familia–trabajo explican el 45,6 {\%} de la varianza en el estr{\'{e}}s laboral de los profesores.
Objective: To examine the relationship between the components of emotional dependency (ED) with a... more Objective: To examine the relationship between the components of emotional dependency (ED) with anxious, depressive, and impulsive symptomatology. Method: 98 university students (68{\%} women, age M = 20.2 years, ED = 2.19) responded to the ED Questionnaire (EDQ) (Lemos {\&} Londo{\~{n}}o, 2006), the Beck Depression Inventory II (Beck, Steer, {\&} Brown, 2011), the Beck Anxiety Inventory (Beck {\&} Steer, 2011), and the short version of the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale BIS-15S (Spinella, 2007). Results: The structural model indicated that a fear of being alone is associated with separation anxiety, which in turn gives rise to plan modification (PM), search for emotional expression (SEE) and attention-seeking (AS). We found that PM was associated with depression, SEE with anxiety, and that impulsivity could lead to AS. Conclusion: These results identify potential therapeutic targets in people with ED.