NWOKWU, P . M., PhD | Ebonyi State University, Nigeria. (original) (raw)

Papers by NWOKWU, P . M., PhD

Journal of Public Administration and Governance Research (JPAGR), 2022

The civil service has remained a potent instrument for realizing the public policy goals of any g... more The civil service has remained a potent instrument for realizing the public policy goals of any government in power. However, without strict adherence to governing rules in the system, the civil service may fail to effectively justify its existence as an engine room of the government. This study sought to interrogate the trajectory of the enforcement of the governing rules in the Nigerian Civil Service for effective service delivery. The study was anchored on the Bureaucratic theory espoused by Marx Weber (1864-1920). It employed qualitative research method with heavy reliance on secondary data obtained from official publications, articles published in reputable journals, texts, etc. After critical analysis of data generated for the study, the following findings were made: that governing rules (public service rules) are not effectively enforced in the system because of poor motivation, government policy particularly "second address" that runs contrary to public service rules as well as human factors among others. The implication of these findings is that if serious efforts are not made to entrench discipline in the service through effective public service rules enforcement, it will definitely loose its essence as the engine room to advance sustainable development in the country. On the strength of the foregoing findings, we recommended as follows-government should ensure adequate motivation for all civil servants; that any government policies that run contrary to public service rules should be stopped forthwith, and that there should be no favouritism, nepotism or long leg as the case may be in the enforcement of discipline in the Nigerian civil service.

IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 2021

The spate of communal imbroglio or crisis in Nigeria's communities is fast becoming a permanent f... more The spate of communal imbroglio or crisis in Nigeria's communities is fast becoming a permanent feature despite the several measures put in place to curb the menace by government. This is not to say that the phenomenon is limited to Nigeria alone, it has infested other countries of Africa, Asia and Europe. The study set to investigate the effect of communal crises on grassroots transformation and economic development of rural areas of Nigeria. The study was anchored on Systemic Oppression theory as theoretical framework of analysis. Content analytical technique was heavily relied on by the study as important data were obtained from secondary sources such as official publications, articles from reputable journals, textbooks, documentary evidences, etc. Findings indicate that social, political and economic reasons breed communal upheavals, which hinder not only grassroots transformation, but national development. On the basis of the foregoing findings, the following recommendations were adducedthere should be adequate peace and harmonious brotherly relationship between communities; rule of law should be strictly adhered to on issues that affect different communities and that problem of unemployment should be addressed by the government.

IDOSR JOURNAL OF ARTS AND MANAGEMENT, 2018

This study was carried out to examine best strategies to enthrone all round development in the lo... more This study was carried out to examine best strategies to enthrone all round development in the local government areas with Ezza North Local Government Area of Ebonyi State as a point of reference. To achieve the lofty objective of the study, data were collected from secondary source. Content analysis was adopted to analyze the data collected. The study was anchored on integrated development model propounded by World Bank (1975). After critical analysis of data in the course of this research, the following findings were made-that the local government council"s investment in real sectors of the rural economy such as agriculture and quarry industry will create employment opportunities to rural populace across the council area; that the leadership of the council should allocate enough resources to education so as to empower the rural dwellers and that lack of political will on the part of the council"s leadership is one of the factors envisaged to affect rural development drive of the local government area. Based on the foregoing findings, the following recommendations were proffered-that the council leadership should intensify her internal revenue drive in order to raise sufficient revenues necessary to undertake developmental programmes; that the council"s leadership should partner with non-governmental as well as international organizations to address critical areas of the rural economy and that the council leadership should sustain its efforts in the construction and re-grading of feeder roads in order to open up the rural areas for robust socioeconomic activities among others. It is believed that these measures are strategic in advancing rural development that could stand the test of time.

African Journal of Politics and Administrative Studies, 2016

The Nigerian quest for democratic consolidation has in recent time been facing serious challenge ... more The Nigerian quest for democratic consolidation has in recent time been facing serious challenge owing to the spate of inconclusive elections. This study is therefore a bold attempt to critically examine the causes and cures of the new political development in Nigeria. The study is anchored on Systems theory propounded by Von Bertalanffy (1956).Content analytical method was adopted wherein data for the study were generated from the secondary sources such as articles in reputable journals, newspapers, relevant legal instruments, etc. After careful data analysis, the study came up with the following findings among others-that the series of inconclusive elections recorded overtime is majorly blamed by the inability of politicians to play by the rule; the declaration of inconclusive election is usually based on INEC guidelines and that laws on electoral violence before, during and after elections have not been strictly enforced, hence the high incidence of unimaginable violence during each election period. On the basis of the foregoing revelations, we made efforts to recommend as follows-that the Constitution and the Electoral Act must have overriding powers on matters relating to elections; that there should be renewed effort on the strict enforcement of laws bordering on electoral violence which has been recognized as the bane of Nigerian democracy.

World Applied Sciences Journal 36 (1): 47-54, 2018

There exists no state in the contemporary world where government to an extent does not associate ... more There exists no state in the contemporary world where government to an extent does not associate with entrepreneurial ventures by manner of a regulator, enabler or as a participator; hence the Nigerian Government regulates labor-management relations through its enacted labor laws. This paper studies the "Nigeria Labor Laws: Issues and Challenges". The methodology this paper adopts is critical analyses of qualitative data from secondary sources such as: reputable journals, conference papers, as well as official publications. The 'Non-Dominance Theory' is utilized as the theoretical framework to explicate the matter of Nigerian labor laws and there is no gainsaying the fact that the Government of Nigeria has done well in enacting labor laws. Nevertheless, it was found that certain contradicting issues and challenges are manifest in the incongruities of the labor laws and the structural configurations thereby yielding ineffectiveness and inefficiency. Thus Nigeria Labor Laws are inhibited by problems such as: gross violation of Nigeria labor laws by employers, politicization and marginalization of Labor Unions, corrupt practices on the part of administering authorities, inadequate infrastructure and manpower, cumbersome and obsolete labor laws and inappropriate sanctions to defaulters of the laws etc. To ameliorate the problems, the paper recommends among others that: Government, first and foremost, must show exemplary leadership by respecting and observing labor agreements as well as provide adequate safeguard against arbitrariness and other abuse of workers' rights by employers and adopt labor-friendly policies that strengthen rather than weaken Labor Unions.

Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research 26 (4): 424-431, 2018

There exists no state in the contemporary world where government to an extent does not associate ... more There exists no state in the contemporary world where government to an extent does not associate with entrepreneurial ventures by manner of a regulator, enabler or as a participator. Government assumes socioeconomic and entrepreneurial role by establishing and investing in public enterprises. This paper examined the Nigerian public enterprises with a view to developing a sound enterprise management that suits global best practices in Nigeria. The methodology adopted in the study was the descriptive analysis of qualitative data from secondary sources such as articles from reputable journals, conference papers, official publications, etc. The New Public Management theory was utilized as the theoretical framework to explain the dynamism of Nigerian Public Enterprise Management. There is no gainsaying the fact that the Nigerian enterprise management have long been criticized for their inefficiency, politicization, corruption and absence of productivity attributable to failure of their managers to identify and appropriately implement an enterprise management formula that meets the tripartite purpose required for productivity, conformity to universal best practices as well as concomitancy with the peculiarity of the Nigerian environment enmeshed in abject poverty, insurgency/insecurity, threats of secession, corruption, favoritism, nepotism ethnic conflicts, etc. The study identified Public-Private-Partnership (PPP) as a veritable formula for the attainment of an improved and sustainable Nigerian economy through an efficient, result-oriented enterprise management. If appropriately tailored and administered (taking into cognizance the complex heterogeneous Nigeria environment) Public-Private-Partnership (PPP) serves as a sound global practice of best-fit to reposition Public Enterprises in Nigeria.

Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research 25(8) 1686-1694, 2017

There has been a growing realization that effective security in various communities in Nigeria co... more There has been a growing realization that effective security in various communities in Nigeria could only be guaranteed through effective partnership between the community leadership and the Nigeria Police Force. This partnership is needed to ensure cordiality between the officers and men of the force and members of the community, who could assist the force in intelligence gathering to make for proactive policing. Regrettably, there has been poor police public relations which have undermined security situations in various communities leading to loss of lives and valuable properties of the people. This study is therefore geared towards examining critical role of community government in promoting police public relations for effective security. To realize this objective, qualitative methodology was adopted as data for the study were mainly obtained from textbooks, articles from reputable journals, official publications, newspaper reports, as well unpublished materials. Critical analysis of data obtained revealed that ineffective security situations in most of our communities could be partly blamed on the poor police public relations as exemplified in non-involvement of community leaders in taking critical security decisions. Moreso, the ugly impression created overtime about the police has continued to discourage the members of community to volunteer security information (tip off) to police for immediate action, hence the carnage that is now a current decimal in the society. It is against the above backdrop that some recommendations were proffered-that there should be participation of the community government in the process of making security decisions as well as in the course of implementation so as to drum support to the force in its war against crimes in communities; that there should always be a joint security meeting involving the police, communities leadership and community members to rekindle public trust and confidence in the force; that the police should not only rehearse the clause "the police are your friends" but should also start demonstrating it in their actions. These measures are essential to shore up security in our various communities.

Journal of Psychology & Sociological Studies Vol 2,No 1, 44-63 ©Author(s) 2018, 2018

This study was carried out to assess the implementation of the Amnesty programme with regards to ... more This study was carried out to assess the implementation of the Amnesty programme with regards to restoration of peace in the Niger Delta region. This study becomes necessary given the importance of the region to economic prosperity and well being of Nigeria. Given the nature of the main objective of the study, content analytical method was employed to review published records (official publications, articles from reputable journals). After critical examination of available records, it was found that the Amnesty programme is just a scratch on the surface of the underlying factors that triggered the conflict; it was also found that the programme was lopsided in approach as victims of environmental degradation who were not members of militant groups were totally excluded from enjoying benefits accruing from the programme; that there was obvious corruption in the management of the programme as its handlers expended about 80% of the programme's budget in consultancy services among others. On the basis of the findings, we recommended as follows: that the root causes of the Niger Delta agitations such as poverty, underdevelopment, environmental degradation, unemployment among the youths, etc should be frontally tackled by government; that government should demonstrate political will by ensuring immediate end to gas flaring in the region; that government should ensure the sustenance of Amnesty programme by expanding its scope and ensuring regularity in the payment of stipends to repented militants, etc.

Public Policy and Administration Research 5(1)), 2015

Leadership is seen as the process of influencing a group of individuals to strive willingly with ... more Leadership is seen as the process of influencing a group of individuals to strive willingly with utmost dedication and commitment towards achieving organizational goals.

Journal of Resources Development and Management: 30-41, 2016

Motivation has been variously seen overtime as the most vital tool, yet overlooked means of turni... more Motivation has been variously seen overtime as the most vital tool, yet overlooked means of turning on the workers to give their best to attain organizational goals as well as achieve job satisfaction at the workplace. This paper examines the effect of workplace motivation on employee performance in the Nigerian public organizations with special attention on the South Eastern Federal Radio Corporation. To achieve the above objective, content analytical technique was adopted to carefully review works of renowned authors on the subject matter. The result of the study revealed that there exists a positive relationship between motivation and enhanced employee productivity. The study recommends that appropriate motivational techniques that could satisfy peculiar needs of the workforce should be provided. Introduction In the past few years, there has been great deal of studies carried out by eminent scholars in the area of the linking cord between employee motivation and organizational productivity. Organizations the world over are set up to attain specific objectivities and the achievement of such mandates to a large extent requires effective deployment and utilization of factors of production such as capital, land, materials, finance, labour, time, etc. Among the factors of production, labour (employee) has been generally recognized as the highly prized asset of any organization because it is the human component which plans, organizes, coordinates and puts other factors of production into effective use for attainment of organizational set goals. The obvious strategic position of employees in organization makes it imperative that they should be effectively and efficiently compensated for their labour (Ude and Coker, 2012). This is true because the realization of organizational goals could be effort in futility without committed efforts of employees in the workplace. It is along this sense that Drucker (1974) believes that the work of management should be to make people productive in order to attain optimum performance and compete favourably in the global stage through proper incentive schemes. Thus, labour as a factor of production deserves wages and other incentives as morale boosters for efficient performance which translates to organizational productivity. The strategy for boosting workers' morale is technically termed motivation. Motivation has been conceived as a vital tool for turning on the workers to give their utmost best willingly and enthusiastically towards actualization of organizational goals while at the same time achieving job satisfaction. In other words, strengthening of workplace motivation is a powerful force for employees to achieve set goals. It elicits worker's full participation and commitment to ensure that success is attained in the workplace. Motivation in the words of Rainey (1993:20) is "the degree to which a person is moved or aroused to act." It is therefore, a set of psychological processes that trigger the arousal, direction and persistence of individual's behaviour towards attainment of set targets (Greenberg and Baron, 2003; Robbins and Judge, 2008). Simply put, motivation can be seen as the state or condition of being induced to act in certain profitable ways to actualize predetermined set goals or objectives. Overtime, workplace motivation has been extended to employees in several forms viz: good training (capacity building) policies, promotion, pay rise, personnel recognition, favourable work conditions, incentives such as bonuses, leave allowances, etc geared towards addressing the varied needs of the workforce for enhanced productivity (Adi, 2000). Thus, any manager that intends to succeed in attainment of organizational set goals must be able to incorporate the individual needs of workers into the overall organizational goals. This to a large extent elicits workers' commitment and resolve to ensure success of the organization. It is noteworthy that individual worker's needs always change and differ considerably from others and the ability of the management to apply appropriate motivational schemes to meet each worker's needs will certainly go a long way to enhance organizational performance. An employee can be sufficiently satisfied with his job when his problems, needs and aspirations are identified and possible solutions given by the management to satisfy them. These needs arise as a result of numerous responsibilities that an employee shoulders in the society which urge him to act in a certain manner geared towards satisfying them.

The Social Sciences 13(1) (Medwell Journal), 2018

It is no longer news that corruption has in absolute term undermined development efforts of succe... more It is no longer news that corruption has in absolute term undermined development efforts of successive administrations in Nigeria, hence the low level of development in every critical sector of her economy. This study was undertaken to critically examine the activities of the anti-graft agency (EFCC) in the fight against corruption in Nigeria (2007-2017). To realize this lofty objective, content analytical method was adopted as data were predominantly generated from the secondary sources. The study adopted structural functionalism theory expounded by Talcott Parson in the 1930’s. The study revealed among other things that the commission has continued to contend with outdated criminal and penal codes which are out of tune with present criminal realities in the country and that the conventional courts have always delayed trials of corrupt cases brought before them by the commission and that EFCC has remained a tool in the hands of successive regimes to witch-hunt their perceived and imagined enemies. It is therefore, against the above obvious revelations that we recommended as follows among others that the commission should be truly made independent so as to carry out independent actions in the discharge of its constitutional mandates that the criminal and penal code be reviewed to be in accord with minimum global best practices and that a special court to try corruption and other related cases should be set up to encourage speedy justice system. These measures if judiciously implemented are believed to assist the commission to win the fight against corruption in the country.

South East Journal of Political Science Vol.4 No1, 2018, 2018

The heterogeneous composition of the Nigerian state has since its amalgamation generated a lot of... more The heterogeneous composition of the Nigerian state has since its amalgamation generated a lot of tensions among its constituent ethnic nationalities. There have been cut throat competitions and distrust among them as each struggle to get higher share of our common wealth. In an effort to end the menace and encourage national consciousness and integration, successive governments have introduced far reaching policies among which are the federal character principle and quota system. The implementation of the policies has cut across both the political and administrative spheres of the Nigerian state. The policies have therefore, been fingered for inefficiency, ineffectiveness, redtapism, rot, etc that characterize the federal civil service. This paper is therefore, a bold effort to examine the effect of federal character principle and quota system on the efficiency of the Nigerian civil service. To achieve this objective, qualitative research design was adopted as content analytical technique was applied. The study is anchored on Representative Bureaucracy theory. The study reveals among others that the abuse of federal character principle and quota system in the federal civil service is significantly responsible for inefficiency, corruption, nepotism/favouritism, indiscipline, etc in the system. We however, recommended as follows: that the application of federal character principle and quota system should be discontinued in the federal civil service but should be strictly restricted to political appointments which should reflect the heterogeneous character of the country; that there should be restructuring of the Nigerian federation to help take the steam out of the federal civil service. This is believed to reduce to the barest minimum the intense competitions to dominate the federal civil service by members of a given ethnic nationality, etc.

IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (IOSR-JHSS) Volume 24, Issue 9, Series. 9 (September. 2019) 14-21 , 2019

The study was undertaken to examine the problems and prospects of adopting e-governance in an eme... more The study was undertaken to examine the problems and prospects of adopting e-governance in an emerging state with Nigeria as a point of reference. To achieve the objective of the study, the researcher adopted content analytical technique as there was heavy reliance on secondary data obtained from articles published in reputable journals, official publications, relevant books, etc. After critical analysis of the available literature on the subject matter, the study revealed among others-that poor knowledge of ICT, Inadequate Legal framework, inadequate infrastructure, etc are among the factors that impede effective implementation of e-governance in Nigeria. On the other hand, the study discovered that e-governance holds a lot of prospects for the country such as providing information on job vacancies, e-police system, medium for information dissemination, economic development among others. On the strength of the foregoing, the following recommendations were adduced-that government should provide ICT infrastructure, there should be enactment of ICT laws in the country, government should show commitment to make e-governance achieve successes in the country, etc. The study concludes that e-governance is central to actualization of simple, moral, accountable, responsive and transparent government in the country.

Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research 25 (7): 1518-1526, 2017

Nigeria from colonial period through post colonial period has settled for federal system of gover... more Nigeria from colonial period through post colonial period has settled for federal system of government which allows for division of powers and jurisdictions among the levels of government that make up the federation. Overtime, there have been observable imperfections in the Nigerian federalism which have triggered protests, agitations and patriotic calls for restructuring of the system. This study was intended to expose those factors that gave rise to imperfections in the Nigerian federal system and proposed the form/shape of restructuring to be adopted in the country. To achieve the above broad objective, content analytical method was adopted as data were generated from secondary sources such as official publications, articles from reputable journals, newspapers, conference and workshop papers, internet materials, textbooks, etc. This source was augmented with direct observation of the practice of federalism in Nigeria. Cooperative Federalism is the theory upon which the study is anchored. The findings revealed that there have been a lot of contradictions in the Nigerian federalism which needed urgent restructuring to bring the system to minimum international best practices. On the basis of the foregoing, we commended as follows: that there should be devolution of more powers to the federating units in Nigeria; that fiscal federalism should be practiced to give room for resource control by the federating units and that the principles of federal character as enshrined in our national constitution should be observed in appointment and location of critical infrastructure across all sections of the country.

Public Policy and Administration Research Vol.5, No.2, 2015

Recruitment and selection exercise has been long recognized as the most important human resources... more Recruitment and selection exercise has been long recognized as the most important human resources functions designed to attract and subsequently choose the best applicants to be appointed and placed on job openings in organization. There is a growing realization that the recruitment and selection exercise has the potency to make or mar the success of any organization. This study is an attempt to examine the impact of politics on the process of recruitment and selection exercise in the Nigerian civil service with special attention on Ebonyi State civil service. The study adopted content analysis to critically review the views of other scholars on the topical issue. It was revealed that politics is a regular feature in the Nigerian civil service recruitment exercise. The effects of the exercise have been identified as the bane of the service which include-corruption, inefficiency, low productivity, indiscipline, etc. on the basis of the foregoing, the study posited that recruitment and selection exercise should be credibly handled by experts, hence the civil service commission should be composed of experts in human resource management. Also, the autonomy of the civil service commission should not only be in principle but in practice. The implication of the above is that lack of interference in the operations of the commission will enable it objectively and efficiently discharge its responsibilities with out fear and favour to ensure efficient public service delivery.

IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (IOSR-JHSS) Volume 20, Issue 11, Ver. I , 2015

Nigeria since independence in 1960 has grappled with the problem of consolidating her hard earned... more Nigeria since independence in 1960 has grappled with the problem of consolidating her hard earned democracy. From the post colonial period, elections conducted in the country have been consistently marred by irregularities and unprecedented electoral violence which had undermined our democratic experiments and in extreme cases threatened the corporate existence of the country. This study is therefore an attempt to evaluate the impact of political violence on the survival of Nigerian democratic experience. It equally examines the predisposing factors that fuel electoral violence before, during and after elections in the country. The research work is qualitative as data for this study were got mainly from verified secondary sources such as articles from reputable journals, publications from independent bodies, newspapers, conference and workshop papers. The above sources was supplemented by structured interviews granted to the researcher by political actors and electorates alike, which was designed specifically on the basis of the subject matter. It was found that political violence in Nigeria is as a result of poor orientation on the part of political actors on the purpose for the acquisition and consolidation of political powers. Put differently, politicians perceive elective positions as avenues to skew public wealth for personal aggrandisement, hence politics is seen as a zero sum game; a do or die affair. It is on the basis of this startling revelation that the study recommends for value reorientation among political actors so that Nigerian politics could be played in the spirit of sportsmanship and with a high sense of decorum. This, it is expected, will help in no small way to eliminate electoral violence and consequently enthrone sustainable democracy devoid of irregularities in the country.

World Applied Sciences Journal 36 (1), 2018

This study "The Politics of Manpower Development in Nigeria's Public Service: A Case of Ebonyi St... more This study "The Politics of Manpower Development in Nigeria's Public Service: A Case of Ebonyi State Public Service" aims at examining the dimensions of political under current in manpower development and utilization in Nigerian Public Service with special interest in Ebonyi State Public Service. The study which adopted a content analytical method is anchored on the Human Capital Theory. The data for the study were mainly obtained from secondary sources wherein renowned works on the subject matter in scholarly journals, books, verifiable printed materials were extensively analyzed which was corroborated with primary source through interview granted to the researchers by public servants in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. The findings of the study revealed that manpower development and utilization have overtime been negatively affected by political interference and administrative ineptitude, poor manpower planning, absence of framework for organizational skill evaluation and the abuse of federal character principle. The implication of the finding of the study is that economic development of the public sector, labor productivity, efficient service delivery, poverty reduction and political stability have continued to elude Ebonyi State in particular and Nigeria in general. The study concluded that so long as inefficient and incompetent public service has become the order of the day, it will be difficult to promote a healthy democratic growth and economic development. The study therefore recommended a rejection of corrupt practices, non-politicization of processes of manpower development and utilization, strong political and administrative will to punish anyone caught circumventing government well thought out manpower development and utilization policies under any guise.

Journal of Public Administration and Governance Research (JPAGR), 2022

The civil service has remained a potent instrument for realizing the public policy goals of any g... more The civil service has remained a potent instrument for realizing the public policy goals of any government in power. However, without strict adherence to governing rules in the system, the civil service may fail to effectively justify its existence as an engine room of the government. This study sought to interrogate the trajectory of the enforcement of the governing rules in the Nigerian Civil Service for effective service delivery. The study was anchored on the Bureaucratic theory espoused by Marx Weber (1864-1920). It employed qualitative research method with heavy reliance on secondary data obtained from official publications, articles published in reputable journals, texts, etc. After critical analysis of data generated for the study, the following findings were made: that governing rules (public service rules) are not effectively enforced in the system because of poor motivation, government policy particularly "second address" that runs contrary to public service rules as well as human factors among others. The implication of these findings is that if serious efforts are not made to entrench discipline in the service through effective public service rules enforcement, it will definitely loose its essence as the engine room to advance sustainable development in the country. On the strength of the foregoing findings, we recommended as follows-government should ensure adequate motivation for all civil servants; that any government policies that run contrary to public service rules should be stopped forthwith, and that there should be no favouritism, nepotism or long leg as the case may be in the enforcement of discipline in the Nigerian civil service.

IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 2021

The spate of communal imbroglio or crisis in Nigeria's communities is fast becoming a permanent f... more The spate of communal imbroglio or crisis in Nigeria's communities is fast becoming a permanent feature despite the several measures put in place to curb the menace by government. This is not to say that the phenomenon is limited to Nigeria alone, it has infested other countries of Africa, Asia and Europe. The study set to investigate the effect of communal crises on grassroots transformation and economic development of rural areas of Nigeria. The study was anchored on Systemic Oppression theory as theoretical framework of analysis. Content analytical technique was heavily relied on by the study as important data were obtained from secondary sources such as official publications, articles from reputable journals, textbooks, documentary evidences, etc. Findings indicate that social, political and economic reasons breed communal upheavals, which hinder not only grassroots transformation, but national development. On the basis of the foregoing findings, the following recommendations were adducedthere should be adequate peace and harmonious brotherly relationship between communities; rule of law should be strictly adhered to on issues that affect different communities and that problem of unemployment should be addressed by the government.

IDOSR JOURNAL OF ARTS AND MANAGEMENT, 2018

This study was carried out to examine best strategies to enthrone all round development in the lo... more This study was carried out to examine best strategies to enthrone all round development in the local government areas with Ezza North Local Government Area of Ebonyi State as a point of reference. To achieve the lofty objective of the study, data were collected from secondary source. Content analysis was adopted to analyze the data collected. The study was anchored on integrated development model propounded by World Bank (1975). After critical analysis of data in the course of this research, the following findings were made-that the local government council"s investment in real sectors of the rural economy such as agriculture and quarry industry will create employment opportunities to rural populace across the council area; that the leadership of the council should allocate enough resources to education so as to empower the rural dwellers and that lack of political will on the part of the council"s leadership is one of the factors envisaged to affect rural development drive of the local government area. Based on the foregoing findings, the following recommendations were proffered-that the council leadership should intensify her internal revenue drive in order to raise sufficient revenues necessary to undertake developmental programmes; that the council"s leadership should partner with non-governmental as well as international organizations to address critical areas of the rural economy and that the council leadership should sustain its efforts in the construction and re-grading of feeder roads in order to open up the rural areas for robust socioeconomic activities among others. It is believed that these measures are strategic in advancing rural development that could stand the test of time.

African Journal of Politics and Administrative Studies, 2016

The Nigerian quest for democratic consolidation has in recent time been facing serious challenge ... more The Nigerian quest for democratic consolidation has in recent time been facing serious challenge owing to the spate of inconclusive elections. This study is therefore a bold attempt to critically examine the causes and cures of the new political development in Nigeria. The study is anchored on Systems theory propounded by Von Bertalanffy (1956).Content analytical method was adopted wherein data for the study were generated from the secondary sources such as articles in reputable journals, newspapers, relevant legal instruments, etc. After careful data analysis, the study came up with the following findings among others-that the series of inconclusive elections recorded overtime is majorly blamed by the inability of politicians to play by the rule; the declaration of inconclusive election is usually based on INEC guidelines and that laws on electoral violence before, during and after elections have not been strictly enforced, hence the high incidence of unimaginable violence during each election period. On the basis of the foregoing revelations, we made efforts to recommend as follows-that the Constitution and the Electoral Act must have overriding powers on matters relating to elections; that there should be renewed effort on the strict enforcement of laws bordering on electoral violence which has been recognized as the bane of Nigerian democracy.

World Applied Sciences Journal 36 (1): 47-54, 2018

There exists no state in the contemporary world where government to an extent does not associate ... more There exists no state in the contemporary world where government to an extent does not associate with entrepreneurial ventures by manner of a regulator, enabler or as a participator; hence the Nigerian Government regulates labor-management relations through its enacted labor laws. This paper studies the "Nigeria Labor Laws: Issues and Challenges". The methodology this paper adopts is critical analyses of qualitative data from secondary sources such as: reputable journals, conference papers, as well as official publications. The 'Non-Dominance Theory' is utilized as the theoretical framework to explicate the matter of Nigerian labor laws and there is no gainsaying the fact that the Government of Nigeria has done well in enacting labor laws. Nevertheless, it was found that certain contradicting issues and challenges are manifest in the incongruities of the labor laws and the structural configurations thereby yielding ineffectiveness and inefficiency. Thus Nigeria Labor Laws are inhibited by problems such as: gross violation of Nigeria labor laws by employers, politicization and marginalization of Labor Unions, corrupt practices on the part of administering authorities, inadequate infrastructure and manpower, cumbersome and obsolete labor laws and inappropriate sanctions to defaulters of the laws etc. To ameliorate the problems, the paper recommends among others that: Government, first and foremost, must show exemplary leadership by respecting and observing labor agreements as well as provide adequate safeguard against arbitrariness and other abuse of workers' rights by employers and adopt labor-friendly policies that strengthen rather than weaken Labor Unions.

Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research 26 (4): 424-431, 2018

There exists no state in the contemporary world where government to an extent does not associate ... more There exists no state in the contemporary world where government to an extent does not associate with entrepreneurial ventures by manner of a regulator, enabler or as a participator. Government assumes socioeconomic and entrepreneurial role by establishing and investing in public enterprises. This paper examined the Nigerian public enterprises with a view to developing a sound enterprise management that suits global best practices in Nigeria. The methodology adopted in the study was the descriptive analysis of qualitative data from secondary sources such as articles from reputable journals, conference papers, official publications, etc. The New Public Management theory was utilized as the theoretical framework to explain the dynamism of Nigerian Public Enterprise Management. There is no gainsaying the fact that the Nigerian enterprise management have long been criticized for their inefficiency, politicization, corruption and absence of productivity attributable to failure of their managers to identify and appropriately implement an enterprise management formula that meets the tripartite purpose required for productivity, conformity to universal best practices as well as concomitancy with the peculiarity of the Nigerian environment enmeshed in abject poverty, insurgency/insecurity, threats of secession, corruption, favoritism, nepotism ethnic conflicts, etc. The study identified Public-Private-Partnership (PPP) as a veritable formula for the attainment of an improved and sustainable Nigerian economy through an efficient, result-oriented enterprise management. If appropriately tailored and administered (taking into cognizance the complex heterogeneous Nigeria environment) Public-Private-Partnership (PPP) serves as a sound global practice of best-fit to reposition Public Enterprises in Nigeria.

Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research 25(8) 1686-1694, 2017

There has been a growing realization that effective security in various communities in Nigeria co... more There has been a growing realization that effective security in various communities in Nigeria could only be guaranteed through effective partnership between the community leadership and the Nigeria Police Force. This partnership is needed to ensure cordiality between the officers and men of the force and members of the community, who could assist the force in intelligence gathering to make for proactive policing. Regrettably, there has been poor police public relations which have undermined security situations in various communities leading to loss of lives and valuable properties of the people. This study is therefore geared towards examining critical role of community government in promoting police public relations for effective security. To realize this objective, qualitative methodology was adopted as data for the study were mainly obtained from textbooks, articles from reputable journals, official publications, newspaper reports, as well unpublished materials. Critical analysis of data obtained revealed that ineffective security situations in most of our communities could be partly blamed on the poor police public relations as exemplified in non-involvement of community leaders in taking critical security decisions. Moreso, the ugly impression created overtime about the police has continued to discourage the members of community to volunteer security information (tip off) to police for immediate action, hence the carnage that is now a current decimal in the society. It is against the above backdrop that some recommendations were proffered-that there should be participation of the community government in the process of making security decisions as well as in the course of implementation so as to drum support to the force in its war against crimes in communities; that there should always be a joint security meeting involving the police, communities leadership and community members to rekindle public trust and confidence in the force; that the police should not only rehearse the clause "the police are your friends" but should also start demonstrating it in their actions. These measures are essential to shore up security in our various communities.

Journal of Psychology & Sociological Studies Vol 2,No 1, 44-63 ©Author(s) 2018, 2018

This study was carried out to assess the implementation of the Amnesty programme with regards to ... more This study was carried out to assess the implementation of the Amnesty programme with regards to restoration of peace in the Niger Delta region. This study becomes necessary given the importance of the region to economic prosperity and well being of Nigeria. Given the nature of the main objective of the study, content analytical method was employed to review published records (official publications, articles from reputable journals). After critical examination of available records, it was found that the Amnesty programme is just a scratch on the surface of the underlying factors that triggered the conflict; it was also found that the programme was lopsided in approach as victims of environmental degradation who were not members of militant groups were totally excluded from enjoying benefits accruing from the programme; that there was obvious corruption in the management of the programme as its handlers expended about 80% of the programme's budget in consultancy services among others. On the basis of the findings, we recommended as follows: that the root causes of the Niger Delta agitations such as poverty, underdevelopment, environmental degradation, unemployment among the youths, etc should be frontally tackled by government; that government should demonstrate political will by ensuring immediate end to gas flaring in the region; that government should ensure the sustenance of Amnesty programme by expanding its scope and ensuring regularity in the payment of stipends to repented militants, etc.

Public Policy and Administration Research 5(1)), 2015

Leadership is seen as the process of influencing a group of individuals to strive willingly with ... more Leadership is seen as the process of influencing a group of individuals to strive willingly with utmost dedication and commitment towards achieving organizational goals.

Journal of Resources Development and Management: 30-41, 2016

Motivation has been variously seen overtime as the most vital tool, yet overlooked means of turni... more Motivation has been variously seen overtime as the most vital tool, yet overlooked means of turning on the workers to give their best to attain organizational goals as well as achieve job satisfaction at the workplace. This paper examines the effect of workplace motivation on employee performance in the Nigerian public organizations with special attention on the South Eastern Federal Radio Corporation. To achieve the above objective, content analytical technique was adopted to carefully review works of renowned authors on the subject matter. The result of the study revealed that there exists a positive relationship between motivation and enhanced employee productivity. The study recommends that appropriate motivational techniques that could satisfy peculiar needs of the workforce should be provided. Introduction In the past few years, there has been great deal of studies carried out by eminent scholars in the area of the linking cord between employee motivation and organizational productivity. Organizations the world over are set up to attain specific objectivities and the achievement of such mandates to a large extent requires effective deployment and utilization of factors of production such as capital, land, materials, finance, labour, time, etc. Among the factors of production, labour (employee) has been generally recognized as the highly prized asset of any organization because it is the human component which plans, organizes, coordinates and puts other factors of production into effective use for attainment of organizational set goals. The obvious strategic position of employees in organization makes it imperative that they should be effectively and efficiently compensated for their labour (Ude and Coker, 2012). This is true because the realization of organizational goals could be effort in futility without committed efforts of employees in the workplace. It is along this sense that Drucker (1974) believes that the work of management should be to make people productive in order to attain optimum performance and compete favourably in the global stage through proper incentive schemes. Thus, labour as a factor of production deserves wages and other incentives as morale boosters for efficient performance which translates to organizational productivity. The strategy for boosting workers' morale is technically termed motivation. Motivation has been conceived as a vital tool for turning on the workers to give their utmost best willingly and enthusiastically towards actualization of organizational goals while at the same time achieving job satisfaction. In other words, strengthening of workplace motivation is a powerful force for employees to achieve set goals. It elicits worker's full participation and commitment to ensure that success is attained in the workplace. Motivation in the words of Rainey (1993:20) is "the degree to which a person is moved or aroused to act." It is therefore, a set of psychological processes that trigger the arousal, direction and persistence of individual's behaviour towards attainment of set targets (Greenberg and Baron, 2003; Robbins and Judge, 2008). Simply put, motivation can be seen as the state or condition of being induced to act in certain profitable ways to actualize predetermined set goals or objectives. Overtime, workplace motivation has been extended to employees in several forms viz: good training (capacity building) policies, promotion, pay rise, personnel recognition, favourable work conditions, incentives such as bonuses, leave allowances, etc geared towards addressing the varied needs of the workforce for enhanced productivity (Adi, 2000). Thus, any manager that intends to succeed in attainment of organizational set goals must be able to incorporate the individual needs of workers into the overall organizational goals. This to a large extent elicits workers' commitment and resolve to ensure success of the organization. It is noteworthy that individual worker's needs always change and differ considerably from others and the ability of the management to apply appropriate motivational schemes to meet each worker's needs will certainly go a long way to enhance organizational performance. An employee can be sufficiently satisfied with his job when his problems, needs and aspirations are identified and possible solutions given by the management to satisfy them. These needs arise as a result of numerous responsibilities that an employee shoulders in the society which urge him to act in a certain manner geared towards satisfying them.

The Social Sciences 13(1) (Medwell Journal), 2018

It is no longer news that corruption has in absolute term undermined development efforts of succe... more It is no longer news that corruption has in absolute term undermined development efforts of successive administrations in Nigeria, hence the low level of development in every critical sector of her economy. This study was undertaken to critically examine the activities of the anti-graft agency (EFCC) in the fight against corruption in Nigeria (2007-2017). To realize this lofty objective, content analytical method was adopted as data were predominantly generated from the secondary sources. The study adopted structural functionalism theory expounded by Talcott Parson in the 1930’s. The study revealed among other things that the commission has continued to contend with outdated criminal and penal codes which are out of tune with present criminal realities in the country and that the conventional courts have always delayed trials of corrupt cases brought before them by the commission and that EFCC has remained a tool in the hands of successive regimes to witch-hunt their perceived and imagined enemies. It is therefore, against the above obvious revelations that we recommended as follows among others that the commission should be truly made independent so as to carry out independent actions in the discharge of its constitutional mandates that the criminal and penal code be reviewed to be in accord with minimum global best practices and that a special court to try corruption and other related cases should be set up to encourage speedy justice system. These measures if judiciously implemented are believed to assist the commission to win the fight against corruption in the country.

South East Journal of Political Science Vol.4 No1, 2018, 2018

The heterogeneous composition of the Nigerian state has since its amalgamation generated a lot of... more The heterogeneous composition of the Nigerian state has since its amalgamation generated a lot of tensions among its constituent ethnic nationalities. There have been cut throat competitions and distrust among them as each struggle to get higher share of our common wealth. In an effort to end the menace and encourage national consciousness and integration, successive governments have introduced far reaching policies among which are the federal character principle and quota system. The implementation of the policies has cut across both the political and administrative spheres of the Nigerian state. The policies have therefore, been fingered for inefficiency, ineffectiveness, redtapism, rot, etc that characterize the federal civil service. This paper is therefore, a bold effort to examine the effect of federal character principle and quota system on the efficiency of the Nigerian civil service. To achieve this objective, qualitative research design was adopted as content analytical technique was applied. The study is anchored on Representative Bureaucracy theory. The study reveals among others that the abuse of federal character principle and quota system in the federal civil service is significantly responsible for inefficiency, corruption, nepotism/favouritism, indiscipline, etc in the system. We however, recommended as follows: that the application of federal character principle and quota system should be discontinued in the federal civil service but should be strictly restricted to political appointments which should reflect the heterogeneous character of the country; that there should be restructuring of the Nigerian federation to help take the steam out of the federal civil service. This is believed to reduce to the barest minimum the intense competitions to dominate the federal civil service by members of a given ethnic nationality, etc.

IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (IOSR-JHSS) Volume 24, Issue 9, Series. 9 (September. 2019) 14-21 , 2019

The study was undertaken to examine the problems and prospects of adopting e-governance in an eme... more The study was undertaken to examine the problems and prospects of adopting e-governance in an emerging state with Nigeria as a point of reference. To achieve the objective of the study, the researcher adopted content analytical technique as there was heavy reliance on secondary data obtained from articles published in reputable journals, official publications, relevant books, etc. After critical analysis of the available literature on the subject matter, the study revealed among others-that poor knowledge of ICT, Inadequate Legal framework, inadequate infrastructure, etc are among the factors that impede effective implementation of e-governance in Nigeria. On the other hand, the study discovered that e-governance holds a lot of prospects for the country such as providing information on job vacancies, e-police system, medium for information dissemination, economic development among others. On the strength of the foregoing, the following recommendations were adduced-that government should provide ICT infrastructure, there should be enactment of ICT laws in the country, government should show commitment to make e-governance achieve successes in the country, etc. The study concludes that e-governance is central to actualization of simple, moral, accountable, responsive and transparent government in the country.

Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research 25 (7): 1518-1526, 2017

Nigeria from colonial period through post colonial period has settled for federal system of gover... more Nigeria from colonial period through post colonial period has settled for federal system of government which allows for division of powers and jurisdictions among the levels of government that make up the federation. Overtime, there have been observable imperfections in the Nigerian federalism which have triggered protests, agitations and patriotic calls for restructuring of the system. This study was intended to expose those factors that gave rise to imperfections in the Nigerian federal system and proposed the form/shape of restructuring to be adopted in the country. To achieve the above broad objective, content analytical method was adopted as data were generated from secondary sources such as official publications, articles from reputable journals, newspapers, conference and workshop papers, internet materials, textbooks, etc. This source was augmented with direct observation of the practice of federalism in Nigeria. Cooperative Federalism is the theory upon which the study is anchored. The findings revealed that there have been a lot of contradictions in the Nigerian federalism which needed urgent restructuring to bring the system to minimum international best practices. On the basis of the foregoing, we commended as follows: that there should be devolution of more powers to the federating units in Nigeria; that fiscal federalism should be practiced to give room for resource control by the federating units and that the principles of federal character as enshrined in our national constitution should be observed in appointment and location of critical infrastructure across all sections of the country.

Public Policy and Administration Research Vol.5, No.2, 2015

Recruitment and selection exercise has been long recognized as the most important human resources... more Recruitment and selection exercise has been long recognized as the most important human resources functions designed to attract and subsequently choose the best applicants to be appointed and placed on job openings in organization. There is a growing realization that the recruitment and selection exercise has the potency to make or mar the success of any organization. This study is an attempt to examine the impact of politics on the process of recruitment and selection exercise in the Nigerian civil service with special attention on Ebonyi State civil service. The study adopted content analysis to critically review the views of other scholars on the topical issue. It was revealed that politics is a regular feature in the Nigerian civil service recruitment exercise. The effects of the exercise have been identified as the bane of the service which include-corruption, inefficiency, low productivity, indiscipline, etc. on the basis of the foregoing, the study posited that recruitment and selection exercise should be credibly handled by experts, hence the civil service commission should be composed of experts in human resource management. Also, the autonomy of the civil service commission should not only be in principle but in practice. The implication of the above is that lack of interference in the operations of the commission will enable it objectively and efficiently discharge its responsibilities with out fear and favour to ensure efficient public service delivery.

IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (IOSR-JHSS) Volume 20, Issue 11, Ver. I , 2015

Nigeria since independence in 1960 has grappled with the problem of consolidating her hard earned... more Nigeria since independence in 1960 has grappled with the problem of consolidating her hard earned democracy. From the post colonial period, elections conducted in the country have been consistently marred by irregularities and unprecedented electoral violence which had undermined our democratic experiments and in extreme cases threatened the corporate existence of the country. This study is therefore an attempt to evaluate the impact of political violence on the survival of Nigerian democratic experience. It equally examines the predisposing factors that fuel electoral violence before, during and after elections in the country. The research work is qualitative as data for this study were got mainly from verified secondary sources such as articles from reputable journals, publications from independent bodies, newspapers, conference and workshop papers. The above sources was supplemented by structured interviews granted to the researcher by political actors and electorates alike, which was designed specifically on the basis of the subject matter. It was found that political violence in Nigeria is as a result of poor orientation on the part of political actors on the purpose for the acquisition and consolidation of political powers. Put differently, politicians perceive elective positions as avenues to skew public wealth for personal aggrandisement, hence politics is seen as a zero sum game; a do or die affair. It is on the basis of this startling revelation that the study recommends for value reorientation among political actors so that Nigerian politics could be played in the spirit of sportsmanship and with a high sense of decorum. This, it is expected, will help in no small way to eliminate electoral violence and consequently enthrone sustainable democracy devoid of irregularities in the country.

World Applied Sciences Journal 36 (1), 2018

This study "The Politics of Manpower Development in Nigeria's Public Service: A Case of Ebonyi St... more This study "The Politics of Manpower Development in Nigeria's Public Service: A Case of Ebonyi State Public Service" aims at examining the dimensions of political under current in manpower development and utilization in Nigerian Public Service with special interest in Ebonyi State Public Service. The study which adopted a content analytical method is anchored on the Human Capital Theory. The data for the study were mainly obtained from secondary sources wherein renowned works on the subject matter in scholarly journals, books, verifiable printed materials were extensively analyzed which was corroborated with primary source through interview granted to the researchers by public servants in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. The findings of the study revealed that manpower development and utilization have overtime been negatively affected by political interference and administrative ineptitude, poor manpower planning, absence of framework for organizational skill evaluation and the abuse of federal character principle. The implication of the finding of the study is that economic development of the public sector, labor productivity, efficient service delivery, poverty reduction and political stability have continued to elude Ebonyi State in particular and Nigeria in general. The study concluded that so long as inefficient and incompetent public service has become the order of the day, it will be difficult to promote a healthy democratic growth and economic development. The study therefore recommended a rejection of corrupt practices, non-politicization of processes of manpower development and utilization, strong political and administrative will to punish anyone caught circumventing government well thought out manpower development and utilization policies under any guise.