Naveed Hayat | University of Education Lahore (original) (raw)

Papers by Naveed Hayat

Heliyon

The analysis of food consumption pattern is a primary concern of any developing country because i... more The analysis of food consumption pattern is a primary concern of any developing country because it is related with food security. Pakistan is one of the emerging nations of the developing world. Due to the similarities and differences in households' food consumption behavior, income distribution, the effects of alternative tax structures, cost-benefit analyses, and the choice of cost of living index, the study of households' food consumption pattern is crucial for a developing nation like Pakistan. Furthermore, for Pakistan's food security in the present and the future, an analysis of food consumption pattern is crucial. The main objective of this study is to analyze the households' food consumption pattern. Linear Approximation Almost Ideal Demand System (LA/ AIDS) is applied using data from Household Integrated Economic Survey (HIES) for the year 2018-19. This study makes a significant contribution by estimating household age composition elasticities, which were absent from earlier studies. Results from the income elasticities reveal that milk, meat, and fruits are luxuries food items. Similarly, on the basis of inelastic income elasticities we declared cereals, pulses, vegetables, sugar, and ghee as necessity food items. Results from the compensated own price elasticities show that the eight food commodity groups have inelastic own-price elasticities. This implies that these food commodities are integral food items of household diet. Results from the compensated cross-price elasticities shows that cereals and pulses, cereals and vegetables, pulses and vegetables, milk and fruits, meat and fruits, and milk and ghee are gross substitutes. On the other hand, pulses and meat, pulses and fruits, and ghee and meat are gross complements. According to the findings of the household age composition elasticities, adding children to a household significantly increases its sugar consumption while significantly reducing its fruit consumption. Any increase in the size of the household by an adolescent, adult, or a person in their middle age results in a significant increase in the consumption of cereals and a significant drop in the consumption of fruits. Finally, any increase in the size of the households brought about by an elder resulted in a significant rise in the consumption of cereals and a significant drop in the consumption of vegetables.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Sep 15, 2022

Among the common communication devices mobile phones are quite popular in the university students... more Among the common communication devices mobile phones are quite popular in the university students. However, Parents, guardians, and teachers are worried that students are spending too much money and time on using mobile phone and have not enough time to study and participate in social activities. This study attempts to analyze the effect of mobile phone use on the students' budget, social behavior and academic performance by taking Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, Pakistan as a case study. The study also evaluates the mobile phone addiction behavior of the students. Varimax rotation matrix is applied using data collected from 365 students through questionnaire. Results show that a female student, an engaged or divorced student, the student enrolled in Master program, and the student whose father is semi-government employee spent half of their part-time job income or pocket money on mobile phone. Besides, the students give less time to calling and sending less texts to family and friends while they give more time to calling and sending more texts to partner and other peoples. Results of the Varimax rotation matrix reveal that the students always use mobile phone for entertainment and they are often use mobile phone for making calls, sending text massages, getting news, and for connecting to social media. Furthermore, the use of mobile phone reduced the students' communication and travel costs as well as the use of mobile phone internet reduced their book purchasing costs. Finally, the use of mobile phone has both negative and positive impacts on the students' social behavior and on their academic performance. However, the negative impacts of using mobile phone on the students' academic performance and on their social behavior outweighs its positive impacts.

iRASD Journal of Economics

In the context of Pakistan, this research examines circular debt and energy usage effects on per ... more In the context of Pakistan, this research examines circular debt and energy usage effects on per capita income. It uses quarterly data from 2005 to 2020 and an autoregressive distributed lag model to look at the link over the short- and long-term. According to the empirical study, whereas circular debt has a long-term significant negative association with per capita income, it has a significant positive link with per capita income in the short term. This demonstrates how using power contributes to economic expansion. Additionally, a rise in circular debt reduces per capita income in the near term, but the long-term convergence of the system to equilibrium is confirmed by the error correction term's considerable negative value. In addition, study shows that consistent provision of electricity with the help of new technologically advanced electricity plants would help in attaining high economic growth.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Mar 15, 2022

Stock market is important for the development of a country since it provides liquidity for the pr... more Stock market is important for the development of a country since it provides liquidity for the production process. Exchange rate and oil prices are the most vital economic variables that affect the stock market of an economy besides the interest rate which evidently have significant impact on stock returns. This study examines the impact of oil prices changes, exchange rate variations, and interest rate changes on stock returns of Pakistani stock market represented by KSE 100 index. Using monthly data for the period of January 2000-December 2021 and employing bound testing approach to auto regressive distributed lag (ARDL) modelling, the short and long run relationship between these variables is examined. The study finds that oil prices, exchange rate and interest rate have significant impact on stock returns in Pakistan. The short run dynamics and interactions of these variables are further analysed by an appropriate error correction model.

iRASD Journal of Economics

The provision of safe drinking water is a very serious issue in Pakistan, including Swat district... more The provision of safe drinking water is a very serious issue in Pakistan, including Swat district. Recently, the effects of unsafe drinking water on the health cost of the local community of district Swat has got their importance. The main objective of the study is to estimate the households’ health costs of waterborne diseases. The secondary objective of the study is to determine the factors that affect the household health cost from water borne diseases. The study applied to the health cost function on primary data collated from 433 households through a survey questionnaire in district Swat. Results reveal that typhoid, diarrhea, vomiting, and gastroenteritis (vomiting & diarrhea) are the most common waterborne diseases in the District. In rural areas of the district, the prevalence of typhoid and gastroenteritis is higher, whereas in urban areas the prevalence of diarrhea and vomiting is higher. Besides, households who use drinking water from public tube wells mostly suffer from ...

Environmental Science and Pollution Research

Journal of Policy Research, 2022

Among the common communication devices mobile phones are quite popular in the university students... more Among the common communication devices mobile phones are quite popular in the university students. However, Parents, guardians, and teachers are worried that students are spending too much money and time on using mobile phone and have not enough time to study and participate in social activities. This study attempts to analyze the effect of mobile phone use on the students' budget, social behavior and academic performance by taking Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, Pakistan as a case study. The study also evaluates the mobile phone addiction behavior of the students. Varimax rotation matrix is applied using data collected from 365 students through questionnaire. Results show that a female student, an engaged or divorced student, the student enrolled in Master program, and the student whose father is semi-government employee spent half of their part-time job income or pocket money on mobile phone. Besides, the students give less time to calling and sending less texts to family and friends while they give more time to calling and sending more texts to partner and other peoples. Results of the Varimax rotation matrix reveal that the students always use mobile phone for entertainment and they are often use mobile phone for making calls, sending text massages, getting news, and for connecting to social media. Furthermore, the use of mobile phone reduced the students' communication and travel costs as well as the use of mobile phone internet reduced their book purchasing costs. Finally, the use of mobile phone has both negative and positive impacts on the students' social behavior and on their academic performance. However, the negative impacts of using mobile phone on the students' academic performance and on their social behavior outweighs its positive impacts.

Journal of Policy Research, 2022

Among the common communication devices mobile phones are quite popular in the university students... more Among the common communication devices mobile phones are quite popular in the university students. However, Parents, guardians, and teachers are worried that students are spending too much money and time on using mobile phone and have not enough time to study and participate in social activities. This study attempts to analyze the effect of mobile phone use on the students' budget, social behavior and academic performance by taking Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, Pakistan as a case study. The study also evaluates the mobile phone addiction behavior of the students. Varimax rotation matrix is applied using data collected from 365 students through questionnaire. Results show that a female student, an engaged or divorced student, the student enrolled in Master program, and the student whose father is semi-government employee spent half of their part-time job income or pocket money on mobile phone. Besides, the students give less time to calling and sending less texts to family and friends while they give more time to calling and sending more texts to partner and other peoples. Results of the Varimax rotation matrix reveal that the students always use mobile phone for entertainment and they are often use mobile phone for making calls, sending text massages, getting news, and for connecting to social media. Furthermore, the use of mobile phone reduced the students' communication and travel costs as well as the use of mobile phone internet reduced their book purchasing costs. Finally, the use of mobile phone has both negative and positive impacts on the students' social behavior and on their academic performance. However, the negative impacts of using mobile phone on the students' academic performance and on their social behavior outweighs its positive impacts.

The industrial sector of China is critical to the country's economic growth. On the other sid... more The industrial sector of China is critical to the country's economic growth. On the other side, industrialization has resulted in a high rate of emissions, pushing China to spend extensively on industrial pollution remediation. As a result, this study looks at the relationship between investment completed in the treatment of industrial pollution (ICITP) and economic development. A time-fixed effect spatial error model was used to analyse regional data from China from 1999 to 2018. The data reveal a positive association between ICTIP and regional economic growth, both in the short and long term. Furthermore, the negative consequences of urban wages and foreign investment on ICTIP are having the reverse effect on regional green development, necessitating ecologically friendly actions to mitigate the negative environmental effects of both.JEL Codes: E62, Q56, R23, C21.

Sustainability

Nutrition problems persist over several decades in most developing countries. Poor and vulnerable... more Nutrition problems persist over several decades in most developing countries. Poor and vulnerable households in low-income countries do not have sufficient disposable sources to access adequate and diverse diets. This study analyzes the household nutrition consumption patterns in Pakistan at a provincial level. The log-linear Engel’s curve approach is applied using household-level data comprising 16,340 households from the Pakistan Household Integrated Expenditure survey (HIES) between 2018 and 2019. The results of the estimated income and household size elasticities reveal that any variation in the households’ income brings major changes in their diets, whereas an increase in household size, ceteris paribus (impact of all other factors are held constant), increases the demand for all nutritional intakes except thiamine and cholesterol. Furthermore, the estimated income elasticities for the four provinces provided similarities and differences in the nutritional consumption patterns ...

Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 2022

Tourism has a great potential to change the structure of the economy both in developed and develo... more Tourism has a great potential to change the structure of the economy both in developed and developing countries. Tourism development in a region has both pros and cons for local communities. On one side, it boosting up economic growth and provide various facilities to the locals. On the other side, it is creating many negative externalities such as the communities are expected to agonize from traffic jams, crowding, increasing the crime rate, destruction of the environment and natural resources, and most prominently disturbed the community’s norms and culture. The main objective of this study is to explore the perception of local community regarding socio-economic, environmental, and cultural impact of tourism. The secondary objective of the study is to evaluate the local community participation in tourism development. To accomplish these objectives, primary data has been collected from 305 respondents in Skardu, Gilgit Baltistan, Pakistan, through questionnaire. For empirical analysis, the study used varimax-rotated matrix. Results reveal that tourism activities in the region of Gilgit Baltistan improve the economic status of the members of the local community. However, tourism negatively affects the natural environment of the region and disturbed the community’s norms and culture. The local government should provide incentives to the local people and involve them in developmental decision to update their lifestyle. The findings of the study also provide insight to the tourist not to involve in unethical activities which can destroy the local norms and culture. The study also provides suggestions to the local people to cooperate and host the tourists in a better way so that they come again and again. Graphic Abstract

Business Review, 2018

What motivates musicologists to analyze television advertising music? I certainly share Nicholas'... more What motivates musicologists to analyze television advertising music? I certainly share Nicholas's Cook's desire to understand how audiovision works. A TV commercial's limited length and determinate function makes it an ideal testing ground for formulating more generally applicable theories of audiovision, even multimedia. 1 I am also sympathetic to Nicolai Graakjaer's and Christian Jantzen's desire to understand various under-studied capacities of music-to persuade, for example. 2 But most of all, I believe its study can have social-and ecological-value. In this respect, Philip Tagg's work is closest in spirit to what I am attempting in this article. He argues that given commercial music's ability to shape "emotional and ideological" "attitudes" towards "particular types of people, environments, and actions," the skill of scrutinizing music-image relations can immunize the individual against being "manipulated" by advertising music. 3 In this investigation into how Nina Simone's cover of "I Wish I Knew How It Would Feel To Be Free" (1967) functions as part of the "Go Further" Ford ad from Super Bowl LI, I will uncover how the commercial propagates certain ecologically disastrous ideologies. One is what political ecologist André Gorz calls "the ideology of the motor car." Manufacturers have always marketed the car as a luxury item, promising the elite privileges of speed and freedom. But if everyone tries to live at the expense of others, then everyone suffers. The modern city-and Gorz was writing in Europe fifty years ago-is filthy, congested, and unsafe; the road is a hostile place in which other drivers are infuriating impediments to one's selfish right to speed; and rather than being free, drivers are entirely reliant on a network of third-party suppliers, not least the petroleum industry. What's fascinating from a contemporary point of view is that Gorz is arguing that the car is simply an objectively poor technological solution to the problem of getting people around a city-he doesn't mention the effects of carbon dioxide on weather systems or nitrous oxides on nervous systems. And yet today, despite these additional worries, stylish, clever, humorous ads such as the one discussed here ensure the myth-and others, such as the more fundamental "American technological sublime," introduced later-somehow endures. But I wonder whether inoculating ourselves and our students against pernicious ideologies need be the limit of the music critic's social and ecological aspirations. Especially since the recent scholarly literature

Environmental pollutants have become a dreadful problem and burning issues for the present world ... more Environmental pollutants have become a dreadful problem and burning issues for the present world irrespective of a country who is responsible for it. The objective of the study is to investigate impact of financial development and institutional quality on environmental degradation. The study is based on panel data for developing and developed countries over the time of 1996-2016. For the empirical analysis fixed effect and the random effect is carried out. Results show that institutional quality, economic growth, foreign direct investment, gross primary enrolment, and industrial growth have significant positive effect on corban emissions whereas financial development, population growth, trade openness, urban population and R&D expenditures have significant negative effect on corban emissions. One percent point increase in the index of institutional quality leads towards 0.006 percent points increase in the level of CO2 emissions. One percent point increase in the economic growth lea...

Journal of Cleaner Production, 2020

Abstract Industrial pollution is a big concern in many manufacturing sectors including textile se... more Abstract Industrial pollution is a big concern in many manufacturing sectors including textile sector. Recently, voluntary actions for environmental protection have gained their importance. Eco-labeling is one of the most important schemes of voluntary environmental actions and has been recognized as an effective measure to reduce industrial pollution. This paper analyzes the effect of eco-labels on the textile firms’ environmental and financial performance. Three stage least squares regression is applied using data from 128 firms listed in Pakistan Stock Exchange. Results reveal that eco-labels have a significant positive effect on textile firms’ environmental and financial performance. This indicates that eco-labels promote the sustainable growth of textile firms. Furthermore, financial performance, material cost, and age have a significant positive effect on the environmental performance of textile firms whereas machinery and size have a significant negative effect on the environmental performance. Likewise, debt-equity ratio and size of the firm have a significant positive effect on the financial performance of the textile firms wheras the environmental performance, machinery, and age of the firms have a significant negative effect on the financial performance.

South Asia Economic Journal, 2016

This study analyzes the household food demand followed by projecting the future level of demand o... more This study analyzes the household food demand followed by projecting the future level of demand of selected food commodity groups in Pakistan. It uses Pakistan Panel Household Survey (PPHS) for the year 2010, conducted by Pakistan Institute of Development Economics (PIDE). The linear approximation/almost ideal demand system (LA/AIDS) model is used to estimate the demand elasticities, while a simple growth model is used for food demand projections. The empirical results reveal that food grains, pulses, ghee, sugar and vegetables are necessities, while milk and meat are luxuries. Pulses and vegetables, ghee and meat, milk and sugar are identified as gross complements on the basis of uncompensated cross-price elasticities. The uncompensated cross-price elasticities of food grains indicate the substitutive relationship between different food items, such as pulses, meat and vegetables. An increase in the household income will induce a substantial expansion in household demand for milk an...

The impressive environmental performance of the Blue Angle as a national eco-label scheme of Germ... more The impressive environmental performance of the Blue Angle as a national eco-label scheme of Germany motivated other countries to introduce their own national eco-label schemes. However, there are various factors which determine a country’s government to introduce a national eco-label scheme. This paper investigates factors which compel government to introduce a national eco-label scheme. Panel logit regression is conducted using data from 53 countries that are Pakistan’s trade partners from 1994 to 2014. The main findings indicate that the probability for a government to introduce a national eco-label scheme is positively related to the economic growth, government integrity, population, R&D expenses, high technology exports, manufacturing tariff, number of type I and type II eco-labels, and per capita CO2 emissions. Whereas the probability for a government to introduces a national eco-label scheme is negatively related to economic freedom, export performance, and net trade.

Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 2022

Tourism has a great potential to change the structure of the economy both in developed and develo... more Tourism has a great potential to change the structure of the economy both in developed and developing countries. Tourism development in a region has both pros and cons for local communities. On one side, it boosting up economic growth and provide various facilities to the locals. On the other side, it is creating many negative externalities such as the communities are expected to agonize from traffic jams, crowding, increasing the crime rate, destruction of the environment and natural resources, and most prominently disturbed the community's norms and culture. The main objective of this study is to explore the perception of local community regarding socioeconomic , environmental, and cultural impact of tourism. The secondary objective of the study is to evaluate the local community participation in tourism development. To accomplish these objectives, primary data has been collected from 305 respondents in Skardu, Gilgit Baltistan, Pakistan, through questionnaire. For empirical a...

Environmental pollutants have become a dreadful problem and burning issues for the present world ... more Environmental pollutants have become a dreadful problem and burning issues for the present world irrespective of a country who is responsible for it. The objective of the study is to investigate impact of financial development and institutional quality on environmental degradation. The study is based on panel data for developing and developed countries over the time of 1996-2016. For the empirical analysis fixed effect and the random effect is carried out. Results show that institutional quality, economic growth, foreign direct investment, gross primary enrolment, and industrial growth have significant positive effect on corban emissions whereas financial development, population growth, trade openness, urban population and R&D expenditures have significant negative effect on corban emissions. One percent point increase in the index of institutional quality leads towards 0.006 percent points increase in the level of CO 2 emissions. One percent point increase in the economic growth lead to increase the CO 2 emissions by 0.39 percent points. One percent point increase in inflows of foreign direct investment increase the level of CO 2 emissions by 0.016 percent points. One percent point increase in industrial growth leads to a 0.38 percent points increase in the level of CO 2 emissions. Furthermore, one percent point increase in the index of financial development leads to 0.05 percent points decrease in the level of CO 2 emissions. One percent point increase in urban population leads to almost 0.05 percent points fall in the level of CO 2 emissions. Finally, one percent point rise in R&D expenditures leads to decrease in the level of CO 2 emissions by 0.068 percent points.

Heliyon

The analysis of food consumption pattern is a primary concern of any developing country because i... more The analysis of food consumption pattern is a primary concern of any developing country because it is related with food security. Pakistan is one of the emerging nations of the developing world. Due to the similarities and differences in households' food consumption behavior, income distribution, the effects of alternative tax structures, cost-benefit analyses, and the choice of cost of living index, the study of households' food consumption pattern is crucial for a developing nation like Pakistan. Furthermore, for Pakistan's food security in the present and the future, an analysis of food consumption pattern is crucial. The main objective of this study is to analyze the households' food consumption pattern. Linear Approximation Almost Ideal Demand System (LA/ AIDS) is applied using data from Household Integrated Economic Survey (HIES) for the year 2018-19. This study makes a significant contribution by estimating household age composition elasticities, which were absent from earlier studies. Results from the income elasticities reveal that milk, meat, and fruits are luxuries food items. Similarly, on the basis of inelastic income elasticities we declared cereals, pulses, vegetables, sugar, and ghee as necessity food items. Results from the compensated own price elasticities show that the eight food commodity groups have inelastic own-price elasticities. This implies that these food commodities are integral food items of household diet. Results from the compensated cross-price elasticities shows that cereals and pulses, cereals and vegetables, pulses and vegetables, milk and fruits, meat and fruits, and milk and ghee are gross substitutes. On the other hand, pulses and meat, pulses and fruits, and ghee and meat are gross complements. According to the findings of the household age composition elasticities, adding children to a household significantly increases its sugar consumption while significantly reducing its fruit consumption. Any increase in the size of the household by an adolescent, adult, or a person in their middle age results in a significant increase in the consumption of cereals and a significant drop in the consumption of fruits. Finally, any increase in the size of the households brought about by an elder resulted in a significant rise in the consumption of cereals and a significant drop in the consumption of vegetables.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Sep 15, 2022

Among the common communication devices mobile phones are quite popular in the university students... more Among the common communication devices mobile phones are quite popular in the university students. However, Parents, guardians, and teachers are worried that students are spending too much money and time on using mobile phone and have not enough time to study and participate in social activities. This study attempts to analyze the effect of mobile phone use on the students' budget, social behavior and academic performance by taking Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, Pakistan as a case study. The study also evaluates the mobile phone addiction behavior of the students. Varimax rotation matrix is applied using data collected from 365 students through questionnaire. Results show that a female student, an engaged or divorced student, the student enrolled in Master program, and the student whose father is semi-government employee spent half of their part-time job income or pocket money on mobile phone. Besides, the students give less time to calling and sending less texts to family and friends while they give more time to calling and sending more texts to partner and other peoples. Results of the Varimax rotation matrix reveal that the students always use mobile phone for entertainment and they are often use mobile phone for making calls, sending text massages, getting news, and for connecting to social media. Furthermore, the use of mobile phone reduced the students' communication and travel costs as well as the use of mobile phone internet reduced their book purchasing costs. Finally, the use of mobile phone has both negative and positive impacts on the students' social behavior and on their academic performance. However, the negative impacts of using mobile phone on the students' academic performance and on their social behavior outweighs its positive impacts.

iRASD Journal of Economics

In the context of Pakistan, this research examines circular debt and energy usage effects on per ... more In the context of Pakistan, this research examines circular debt and energy usage effects on per capita income. It uses quarterly data from 2005 to 2020 and an autoregressive distributed lag model to look at the link over the short- and long-term. According to the empirical study, whereas circular debt has a long-term significant negative association with per capita income, it has a significant positive link with per capita income in the short term. This demonstrates how using power contributes to economic expansion. Additionally, a rise in circular debt reduces per capita income in the near term, but the long-term convergence of the system to equilibrium is confirmed by the error correction term's considerable negative value. In addition, study shows that consistent provision of electricity with the help of new technologically advanced electricity plants would help in attaining high economic growth.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Mar 15, 2022

Stock market is important for the development of a country since it provides liquidity for the pr... more Stock market is important for the development of a country since it provides liquidity for the production process. Exchange rate and oil prices are the most vital economic variables that affect the stock market of an economy besides the interest rate which evidently have significant impact on stock returns. This study examines the impact of oil prices changes, exchange rate variations, and interest rate changes on stock returns of Pakistani stock market represented by KSE 100 index. Using monthly data for the period of January 2000-December 2021 and employing bound testing approach to auto regressive distributed lag (ARDL) modelling, the short and long run relationship between these variables is examined. The study finds that oil prices, exchange rate and interest rate have significant impact on stock returns in Pakistan. The short run dynamics and interactions of these variables are further analysed by an appropriate error correction model.

iRASD Journal of Economics

The provision of safe drinking water is a very serious issue in Pakistan, including Swat district... more The provision of safe drinking water is a very serious issue in Pakistan, including Swat district. Recently, the effects of unsafe drinking water on the health cost of the local community of district Swat has got their importance. The main objective of the study is to estimate the households’ health costs of waterborne diseases. The secondary objective of the study is to determine the factors that affect the household health cost from water borne diseases. The study applied to the health cost function on primary data collated from 433 households through a survey questionnaire in district Swat. Results reveal that typhoid, diarrhea, vomiting, and gastroenteritis (vomiting & diarrhea) are the most common waterborne diseases in the District. In rural areas of the district, the prevalence of typhoid and gastroenteritis is higher, whereas in urban areas the prevalence of diarrhea and vomiting is higher. Besides, households who use drinking water from public tube wells mostly suffer from ...

Environmental Science and Pollution Research

Journal of Policy Research, 2022

Among the common communication devices mobile phones are quite popular in the university students... more Among the common communication devices mobile phones are quite popular in the university students. However, Parents, guardians, and teachers are worried that students are spending too much money and time on using mobile phone and have not enough time to study and participate in social activities. This study attempts to analyze the effect of mobile phone use on the students' budget, social behavior and academic performance by taking Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, Pakistan as a case study. The study also evaluates the mobile phone addiction behavior of the students. Varimax rotation matrix is applied using data collected from 365 students through questionnaire. Results show that a female student, an engaged or divorced student, the student enrolled in Master program, and the student whose father is semi-government employee spent half of their part-time job income or pocket money on mobile phone. Besides, the students give less time to calling and sending less texts to family and friends while they give more time to calling and sending more texts to partner and other peoples. Results of the Varimax rotation matrix reveal that the students always use mobile phone for entertainment and they are often use mobile phone for making calls, sending text massages, getting news, and for connecting to social media. Furthermore, the use of mobile phone reduced the students' communication and travel costs as well as the use of mobile phone internet reduced their book purchasing costs. Finally, the use of mobile phone has both negative and positive impacts on the students' social behavior and on their academic performance. However, the negative impacts of using mobile phone on the students' academic performance and on their social behavior outweighs its positive impacts.

Journal of Policy Research, 2022

Among the common communication devices mobile phones are quite popular in the university students... more Among the common communication devices mobile phones are quite popular in the university students. However, Parents, guardians, and teachers are worried that students are spending too much money and time on using mobile phone and have not enough time to study and participate in social activities. This study attempts to analyze the effect of mobile phone use on the students' budget, social behavior and academic performance by taking Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, Pakistan as a case study. The study also evaluates the mobile phone addiction behavior of the students. Varimax rotation matrix is applied using data collected from 365 students through questionnaire. Results show that a female student, an engaged or divorced student, the student enrolled in Master program, and the student whose father is semi-government employee spent half of their part-time job income or pocket money on mobile phone. Besides, the students give less time to calling and sending less texts to family and friends while they give more time to calling and sending more texts to partner and other peoples. Results of the Varimax rotation matrix reveal that the students always use mobile phone for entertainment and they are often use mobile phone for making calls, sending text massages, getting news, and for connecting to social media. Furthermore, the use of mobile phone reduced the students' communication and travel costs as well as the use of mobile phone internet reduced their book purchasing costs. Finally, the use of mobile phone has both negative and positive impacts on the students' social behavior and on their academic performance. However, the negative impacts of using mobile phone on the students' academic performance and on their social behavior outweighs its positive impacts.

The industrial sector of China is critical to the country's economic growth. On the other sid... more The industrial sector of China is critical to the country's economic growth. On the other side, industrialization has resulted in a high rate of emissions, pushing China to spend extensively on industrial pollution remediation. As a result, this study looks at the relationship between investment completed in the treatment of industrial pollution (ICITP) and economic development. A time-fixed effect spatial error model was used to analyse regional data from China from 1999 to 2018. The data reveal a positive association between ICTIP and regional economic growth, both in the short and long term. Furthermore, the negative consequences of urban wages and foreign investment on ICTIP are having the reverse effect on regional green development, necessitating ecologically friendly actions to mitigate the negative environmental effects of both.JEL Codes: E62, Q56, R23, C21.

Sustainability

Nutrition problems persist over several decades in most developing countries. Poor and vulnerable... more Nutrition problems persist over several decades in most developing countries. Poor and vulnerable households in low-income countries do not have sufficient disposable sources to access adequate and diverse diets. This study analyzes the household nutrition consumption patterns in Pakistan at a provincial level. The log-linear Engel’s curve approach is applied using household-level data comprising 16,340 households from the Pakistan Household Integrated Expenditure survey (HIES) between 2018 and 2019. The results of the estimated income and household size elasticities reveal that any variation in the households’ income brings major changes in their diets, whereas an increase in household size, ceteris paribus (impact of all other factors are held constant), increases the demand for all nutritional intakes except thiamine and cholesterol. Furthermore, the estimated income elasticities for the four provinces provided similarities and differences in the nutritional consumption patterns ...

Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 2022

Tourism has a great potential to change the structure of the economy both in developed and develo... more Tourism has a great potential to change the structure of the economy both in developed and developing countries. Tourism development in a region has both pros and cons for local communities. On one side, it boosting up economic growth and provide various facilities to the locals. On the other side, it is creating many negative externalities such as the communities are expected to agonize from traffic jams, crowding, increasing the crime rate, destruction of the environment and natural resources, and most prominently disturbed the community’s norms and culture. The main objective of this study is to explore the perception of local community regarding socio-economic, environmental, and cultural impact of tourism. The secondary objective of the study is to evaluate the local community participation in tourism development. To accomplish these objectives, primary data has been collected from 305 respondents in Skardu, Gilgit Baltistan, Pakistan, through questionnaire. For empirical analysis, the study used varimax-rotated matrix. Results reveal that tourism activities in the region of Gilgit Baltistan improve the economic status of the members of the local community. However, tourism negatively affects the natural environment of the region and disturbed the community’s norms and culture. The local government should provide incentives to the local people and involve them in developmental decision to update their lifestyle. The findings of the study also provide insight to the tourist not to involve in unethical activities which can destroy the local norms and culture. The study also provides suggestions to the local people to cooperate and host the tourists in a better way so that they come again and again. Graphic Abstract

Business Review, 2018

What motivates musicologists to analyze television advertising music? I certainly share Nicholas'... more What motivates musicologists to analyze television advertising music? I certainly share Nicholas's Cook's desire to understand how audiovision works. A TV commercial's limited length and determinate function makes it an ideal testing ground for formulating more generally applicable theories of audiovision, even multimedia. 1 I am also sympathetic to Nicolai Graakjaer's and Christian Jantzen's desire to understand various under-studied capacities of music-to persuade, for example. 2 But most of all, I believe its study can have social-and ecological-value. In this respect, Philip Tagg's work is closest in spirit to what I am attempting in this article. He argues that given commercial music's ability to shape "emotional and ideological" "attitudes" towards "particular types of people, environments, and actions," the skill of scrutinizing music-image relations can immunize the individual against being "manipulated" by advertising music. 3 In this investigation into how Nina Simone's cover of "I Wish I Knew How It Would Feel To Be Free" (1967) functions as part of the "Go Further" Ford ad from Super Bowl LI, I will uncover how the commercial propagates certain ecologically disastrous ideologies. One is what political ecologist André Gorz calls "the ideology of the motor car." Manufacturers have always marketed the car as a luxury item, promising the elite privileges of speed and freedom. But if everyone tries to live at the expense of others, then everyone suffers. The modern city-and Gorz was writing in Europe fifty years ago-is filthy, congested, and unsafe; the road is a hostile place in which other drivers are infuriating impediments to one's selfish right to speed; and rather than being free, drivers are entirely reliant on a network of third-party suppliers, not least the petroleum industry. What's fascinating from a contemporary point of view is that Gorz is arguing that the car is simply an objectively poor technological solution to the problem of getting people around a city-he doesn't mention the effects of carbon dioxide on weather systems or nitrous oxides on nervous systems. And yet today, despite these additional worries, stylish, clever, humorous ads such as the one discussed here ensure the myth-and others, such as the more fundamental "American technological sublime," introduced later-somehow endures. But I wonder whether inoculating ourselves and our students against pernicious ideologies need be the limit of the music critic's social and ecological aspirations. Especially since the recent scholarly literature

Environmental pollutants have become a dreadful problem and burning issues for the present world ... more Environmental pollutants have become a dreadful problem and burning issues for the present world irrespective of a country who is responsible for it. The objective of the study is to investigate impact of financial development and institutional quality on environmental degradation. The study is based on panel data for developing and developed countries over the time of 1996-2016. For the empirical analysis fixed effect and the random effect is carried out. Results show that institutional quality, economic growth, foreign direct investment, gross primary enrolment, and industrial growth have significant positive effect on corban emissions whereas financial development, population growth, trade openness, urban population and R&D expenditures have significant negative effect on corban emissions. One percent point increase in the index of institutional quality leads towards 0.006 percent points increase in the level of CO2 emissions. One percent point increase in the economic growth lea...

Journal of Cleaner Production, 2020

Abstract Industrial pollution is a big concern in many manufacturing sectors including textile se... more Abstract Industrial pollution is a big concern in many manufacturing sectors including textile sector. Recently, voluntary actions for environmental protection have gained their importance. Eco-labeling is one of the most important schemes of voluntary environmental actions and has been recognized as an effective measure to reduce industrial pollution. This paper analyzes the effect of eco-labels on the textile firms’ environmental and financial performance. Three stage least squares regression is applied using data from 128 firms listed in Pakistan Stock Exchange. Results reveal that eco-labels have a significant positive effect on textile firms’ environmental and financial performance. This indicates that eco-labels promote the sustainable growth of textile firms. Furthermore, financial performance, material cost, and age have a significant positive effect on the environmental performance of textile firms whereas machinery and size have a significant negative effect on the environmental performance. Likewise, debt-equity ratio and size of the firm have a significant positive effect on the financial performance of the textile firms wheras the environmental performance, machinery, and age of the firms have a significant negative effect on the financial performance.

South Asia Economic Journal, 2016

This study analyzes the household food demand followed by projecting the future level of demand o... more This study analyzes the household food demand followed by projecting the future level of demand of selected food commodity groups in Pakistan. It uses Pakistan Panel Household Survey (PPHS) for the year 2010, conducted by Pakistan Institute of Development Economics (PIDE). The linear approximation/almost ideal demand system (LA/AIDS) model is used to estimate the demand elasticities, while a simple growth model is used for food demand projections. The empirical results reveal that food grains, pulses, ghee, sugar and vegetables are necessities, while milk and meat are luxuries. Pulses and vegetables, ghee and meat, milk and sugar are identified as gross complements on the basis of uncompensated cross-price elasticities. The uncompensated cross-price elasticities of food grains indicate the substitutive relationship between different food items, such as pulses, meat and vegetables. An increase in the household income will induce a substantial expansion in household demand for milk an...

The impressive environmental performance of the Blue Angle as a national eco-label scheme of Germ... more The impressive environmental performance of the Blue Angle as a national eco-label scheme of Germany motivated other countries to introduce their own national eco-label schemes. However, there are various factors which determine a country’s government to introduce a national eco-label scheme. This paper investigates factors which compel government to introduce a national eco-label scheme. Panel logit regression is conducted using data from 53 countries that are Pakistan’s trade partners from 1994 to 2014. The main findings indicate that the probability for a government to introduce a national eco-label scheme is positively related to the economic growth, government integrity, population, R&D expenses, high technology exports, manufacturing tariff, number of type I and type II eco-labels, and per capita CO2 emissions. Whereas the probability for a government to introduces a national eco-label scheme is negatively related to economic freedom, export performance, and net trade.

Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 2022

Tourism has a great potential to change the structure of the economy both in developed and develo... more Tourism has a great potential to change the structure of the economy both in developed and developing countries. Tourism development in a region has both pros and cons for local communities. On one side, it boosting up economic growth and provide various facilities to the locals. On the other side, it is creating many negative externalities such as the communities are expected to agonize from traffic jams, crowding, increasing the crime rate, destruction of the environment and natural resources, and most prominently disturbed the community's norms and culture. The main objective of this study is to explore the perception of local community regarding socioeconomic , environmental, and cultural impact of tourism. The secondary objective of the study is to evaluate the local community participation in tourism development. To accomplish these objectives, primary data has been collected from 305 respondents in Skardu, Gilgit Baltistan, Pakistan, through questionnaire. For empirical a...

Environmental pollutants have become a dreadful problem and burning issues for the present world ... more Environmental pollutants have become a dreadful problem and burning issues for the present world irrespective of a country who is responsible for it. The objective of the study is to investigate impact of financial development and institutional quality on environmental degradation. The study is based on panel data for developing and developed countries over the time of 1996-2016. For the empirical analysis fixed effect and the random effect is carried out. Results show that institutional quality, economic growth, foreign direct investment, gross primary enrolment, and industrial growth have significant positive effect on corban emissions whereas financial development, population growth, trade openness, urban population and R&D expenditures have significant negative effect on corban emissions. One percent point increase in the index of institutional quality leads towards 0.006 percent points increase in the level of CO 2 emissions. One percent point increase in the economic growth lead to increase the CO 2 emissions by 0.39 percent points. One percent point increase in inflows of foreign direct investment increase the level of CO 2 emissions by 0.016 percent points. One percent point increase in industrial growth leads to a 0.38 percent points increase in the level of CO 2 emissions. Furthermore, one percent point increase in the index of financial development leads to 0.05 percent points decrease in the level of CO 2 emissions. One percent point increase in urban population leads to almost 0.05 percent points fall in the level of CO 2 emissions. Finally, one percent point rise in R&D expenditures leads to decrease in the level of CO 2 emissions by 0.068 percent points.