Davor Mance | Faculty of economics, University of Rijeka (original) (raw)
Papers by Davor Mance
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
During the last years, the report of the occurrence of waterborne disease symptoms related to non... more During the last years, the report of the occurrence of waterborne disease symptoms related to non-enteric pathogens has increased, without any record of higher levels of indicator bacteria (Escherichia coli and intestinal enterococci). Therefore, the use of current indicators is not always adequate when assessing the overall potential health risk and the inclusion of additional parameters needs to be examined. This paper reports on the incidence and levels of Staphylococcus aureus at 258 locations in Primorje-Gorski Kotar County (Croatia) recorded by official bathing water quality monitoring, as well as supplemental monitoring carried out at the two most frequented beaches in the City of Rijeka. The number of bathers was found to be the main factor affecting S. aureus levels (r = 0.321, p < 0.05). The share of S. aureus positive samples from the official monitoring was significantly lower, when compared to the share of samples from supplemental monitoring (2.2% and 36.3%, respect...
Participants who want a certificate from the Croatian Medical Chamber need to register on the day... more Participants who want a certificate from the Croatian Medical Chamber need to register on the day of the symposium. Lunch and refreshments during break will be provided free of charge. Parking is free and provided in the building of the Student Center Rijeka (Radmile Matejčić 5)
OBJECTIVES: To investigate and explain changes of drug prices for hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatme... more OBJECTIVES: To investigate and explain changes of drug prices for hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatments on the Croatian market. METHODS: The study is a retrospective analysis, conducted using publicly available pricing lists from the Croatian National Health Insurance Fund. The encompassed period is from November 2012 to July 2016. RESULTS: Pegylated interferon alpha- 2a (pegIFN) maintained a constant price for a longer period of time due to the lack of direct competition. Boceprevir (BOC) and telaprevir (TPV) were able to maintain a constant price since their entry on the market up until simeprevir (SIM) entered the EU5 (Germany, France, United Kingdom, Italy, and Spain) market. Consequently, prices of TPV and BOC dropped (6% and 11%, respectively) remaining at that level even after SIM entered the Croatian market. The market entry of sofosbuvir (SOF) and ombitasvir, paritaprevir, ritonavir, and dasabuvir (OBV/PTV/ r/DSV) combination therapy was followed by a significant SIM’s price r...
Pomorstvo
Stock and flow pollution differentiation is the basis for efficient pollution-abatement mechanism... more Stock and flow pollution differentiation is the basis for efficient pollution-abatement mechanism designs. The focus of our research has been marine pollution from land-based sources. Stable isotope analysis of groundwater is an acknowledged method for karst aquifer characterisation. We have tested whether stable isotopes of water, when used as a proxy for groundwater dynamics in the karst, could also be used as an indicator of marine pollution differentiation in terms of flow and stock pollution. The focus has been on two close coastal locations characterized by differences in terms of open and closed sea as well as anthropogenic pressure. A static Estimated General Least Squares (EGLS) statistical model described the closed bay location suggesting stock pollution. For a good description of the open sea location, we have had to resort to dynamic Generalised Method of Moments (GMM) statistical modelling, indicating flow pollution. Stable isotopes of groundwater together with appropr...
<p>The highest average annual rainfall in Croatia is in the Northern Adriatic, with... more <p>The highest average annual rainfall in Croatia is in the Northern Adriatic, with some parts of the region receiving more than 2000 mm per year. Characteristics of the region&#8217;s weather are periods of intense rain alternating with dry periods in which the amount of precipitation can be negligible for more than a month. The area's water supply relies on karst groundwater sources that are primarily fed by Mediterranean precipitation. The aforementioned precipitation regime results in high groundwater yields in the cold part of the hydrological year and substantially decreased water quantities in the summer months. Under such specific conditions, it is of considerable importance to find out about the potential for climate change in order to ensure timely adjustment of the management and use of natural sources of water.</p><p>We present a comparison of the isotopic composition of precipitation collected on the mountain U&#269;ka in periods 2008-2011 and 2019-2020. Rain gauges were located on a vertical gradient from sea level up to nearly 1400 m. Unlike&#160;the isotopic altitude effect that did not change significantly compared to the one reported for the first period (Roller-Lutz et al, 2013), the weighted means of isotopic values were more positive in the second period.&#160; For the cold part of the hydrological year, local meteoric water line has recently moved to higher values, indicating the sources of precipitation from drier Mediterranean regions. Local meteoric water line for the warm part of the last hydrological year, indicates presence of increased evaporation and thus confirms lower precipitation amounts.</p><p>&#160;</p><p>Roller-Lutz Zvjezdana, Mance Diana, Hunjak Tamara, Lutz Hans O. (2013) On the isotopic altitude effect of precipitation in the Northern Adriatic (Croatia), Isotopes in Hydrology, Marine Ecosystems and Climate Change Studies. Vol. I. Proceedings of an International Symposium</p><p>&#160;</p><p>This work was supported by the University of Rijeka as part of the research project uniri-pr-prirod-19-24.</p>
Izlaganje opisuje obavezni sadržaj studije utjecaja na proracun u slucaju prijave novog lijeka i ... more Izlaganje opisuje obavezni sadržaj studije utjecaja na proracun u slucaju prijave novog lijeka i terapije Hrvatskom zavodu za zdravstveno osiguranje: 1. Procjena velicine tržista i rasta tržista. 2. Izracun troskova iz perspektive Zavoda. 3. Procjena troskova komplementarnih proizvoda. 4. Analize osjetljivosti. 5. Vremenski horizont, diskontiranje i inflacija. 6. Rezultati studije.
Pomorstvo, 2021
Coastal bathing water, as a common good, is an economic resource of public health interest. Predi... more Coastal bathing water, as a common good, is an economic resource of public health interest. Predictive models of coastal bathing water contamination are needed for timely prevention of pollution, warning of bathers, and activation of municipal services and utilities in case of contingencies, as well as institutional mechanism designs for common good management purposes. The goal of this research is to identify the variables that would improve predictive models of coastal bathing water bacterial contamination. The microbiological quality of coastal bathing water is affected by many variables. This research is an analysis of the following determinants: precipitation amount, seawater temperature and salinity, as well as few indicators of anthropogenic pressure on the environment such as registered population, registered tourist overnight stays and the amount of generated municipal waste, all possibly directly or indirectly affecting the bathing water quality in 17 coastal municipalitie...
Pomorstvo, 2018
Stock and flow pollution differentiation is the basis for efficient pollution-abatement mechanism... more Stock and flow pollution differentiation is the basis for efficient pollution-abatement mechanism designs. The focus of our research has been marine p
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Chronic GT1 HCV infections have been historically difficult to treat w... more BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Chronic GT1 HCV infections have been historically difficult to treat with the standard dual pegIFN + RBV therapy that is currently the only available treatment for naive HCV patients in Croatia. HCV patients who fail to achieve SVR after a second cycle of treatment (with triple therapies that also include pegIFN), in Croatia have no further treatment options and for them the development of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma is inevitable. It is, therefore, of great importance to reduce the number of patients who should receive triple therapy i.e. to use effective therapy for treatment of naive patients. The aim of our study was to evaluate the financial impact on the Croatian Health Insurance Fund (CHIF) budget following the introduction of new combination therapy (paritaprevir, ombitasvir, dasabuvir + ribavirin) for naive HCV GT1 patients with unfavourable predictors for treatment with standard dual therapy (IL28B TT genotype and compensated cirrhosis...
Rad predstavlja racunovodstvenu metodologiju reguliranja koncesija s aspekta koncesionara prema t... more Rad predstavlja racunovodstvenu metodologiju reguliranja koncesija s aspekta koncesionara prema tumacenju br. 12 Odbora za tumacenja međunarodnog financijskog izvjestavanja (IFRIC 12). Takva vrsta ugovora se racunovodstveno može razložiti na vec dobro poznate oblike za koje postoje i standardi i uhodana praksa primjene.
OBJECTIVES: To present the four degrees of price discrimination based on the criteria of quantity... more OBJECTIVES: To present the four degrees of price discrimination based on the criteria of quantity/quality differentiation and the individual/group patient differentiation. To answer the question of how are therapies valued relative to one another. METHODS: Firstly, we present a schematic representation of the traditional three degrees of price discrimination dependent on whether the seller targets individuals or groups, and whether buyers wish to use quantity or quality discounts. Secondly, we introduce the fourth degree of price discrimination on the example of the pharmaceuticals market. Drugs have different qualitative features that in our example are measured in percentage of sustained virological response, and/or different toxicities. We try to measure these qualitative values in the quantity/quality differentiation and conjecture a relation with the price of a drug. RESULTS: Economics recognises a set of three degrees of price discrimination dependent on whether the seller tar...
Pomorstvo, 2014
The Croatian long-lasting fisheries problem still vivid one year after the Croatian admission to ... more The Croatian long-lasting fisheries problem still vivid one year after the Croatian admission to the EU is overfishing in a “common pool resource”
Accounting policies are specific principles, bases, conventions, rules and practices applied by a... more Accounting policies are specific principles, bases, conventions, rules and practices applied by an entity in preparing and presenting financial statements. The preparers of financial statements have an incentive and are in a position to manipulate the view of economic reality presented in those statements to serve their own pecuniary interests. In this principal-agent problem, the management files financial statements as an assessment of their own performance. Moreover, the management controls and decides upon the relevant information presented in these financial statements. Accounting regulation attempts to ensure that information is produced on a consistent basis in accordance with the rules that makes the financial statements more reliable for users. Nevertheless, the accounting regulation does not address the principal-agent and the moral-hazard problems. We propose a change of the practice in which the management is in control of their own accounting, controlling, and auditing ...
Financial Reporting, organized in two core areas as internal and external financial reporting, re... more Financial Reporting, organized in two core areas as internal and external financial reporting, reached a very high scientific and professional level. These two areas of accounting flow from the same informational base. Financial reporting to internal and external users, and internal managerial accounting, developed into two separate directions, but along the way lost all common characteristics. An area important to both, where it is necessary and possible to set up a compliant accounting reporting system is the reporting by operating segments. Global processes require harmonization of internal and external reporting systems in order to make the preparing, presenting and interpreting of the financial statements content more efficient. Based on identified informational needs of internal and external reporting by business segments and reached levels of standardization, this paper analyzes the characteristics and factors of further harmonization.
Labour is an essential and specific resource to a firm. The framework for any labour contract is ... more Labour is an essential and specific resource to a firm. The framework for any labour contract is set by the individual country’s regulation, i.e. its labour market institutional mechanism design. Our research problem is concentrated onto the objection of a growing discrepancy between firms’ needs and employment contracts as they are actually implemented under current regulation. The foremost economic question at hand is whether the labour market and firm’s regulatory institutional mechanism design is commensurate with the specific firm’s needs and the needs of the economy of that particular country. During the 20 century, employment regulation was mostly tightened under the excuse of greater worker protection consequently reducing the freedom of contract between employers and employees. Firms needed and asked for exactly the opposite: more flexible employment contracts. Employment regulation is an essential part of the legal business framework since it governs employment relationshi...
One of the most important information given by accounting is the one concerning company value and... more One of the most important information given by accounting is the one concerning company value and the value of its assets, liabilities and equity. The concept of capital maintenance is concerned with how an enterprise defines the capital that it seeks to maintain in profit determination. The concept of fair value accounting is concerned with the valuation of assets, liabilities, and equity based on market values or its closest substitutes. As only inflows in excess of the amounts needed to preserve the capital may be regarded as profit, the choice of the capital maintenance measurement basis influences the residual amount, i.e. the profit, and consequently, the decision-making process. Currently, there are two basic capital maintenance concepts: financial capital maintenance concept and physical capital maintenance concept, each with many variants. Different valuation concepts are not commensurate with any of the theoretical variants of capital maintenance.
U postupku priznavanja, mjerenja, prezentiranja i objave financijskih izvjestaja mogu se potkrast... more U postupku priznavanja, mjerenja, prezentiranja i objave financijskih izvjestaja mogu se potkrasti nenamjerne pogreske, ali se mogu uciniti i namjerne pogreske. Nastale pogreske tekuceg izvjestajnog razdoblja moraju se ispraviti odmah, prije objavljivanja financijskih izvjestaja, dok je za pogreske prethodnih izvjestajnih razdoblja predviđen postupak njihove retroaktivne korekcije.
We investigate the relationship between property rights enforcement and corruption in EU countrie... more We investigate the relationship between property rights enforcement and corruption in EU countries. Property rights are the basic economic institution enabling commerce as a form of exchange of titles. Property rights enable the building of rational expectations about the results of future actions. Therefore, by reducing insecurity, property rights provide incentives for investment, wealth formation, specialization, production, and trade. Corruption is an institutional dysfunction caused by the relationship between private and governmental sector consisting of an act of abuse of power by governmental employees for the purpose of private gain. Corruption was, until recently, mainly analysed as an independent variable. We permit for endogeneity of both variables when regressing the composite index of perception of freedom from corruption against the composite index of property rights enforcement. The choice of variables and the model follows from the theoretical background of the Econ...
Personalized Medicine in Healthcare Systems, 2019
Economics developed a set of three degrees of price discrimination dependent on whether the selle... more Economics developed a set of three degrees of price discrimination dependent on whether the seller targets individuals or groups, and whether buyers wish to use quantity rebates. The seller’s reason to price discriminate is to capture as much of the buyers utility surplus. Price discrimination is deemed unfair and immoral, and this is especially so in the market for pharmaceutical therapies. However, sometimes it can indeed be socially useful to price discriminate as the practice, under circumstances, enhances efficiency and social welfare.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
During the last years, the report of the occurrence of waterborne disease symptoms related to non... more During the last years, the report of the occurrence of waterborne disease symptoms related to non-enteric pathogens has increased, without any record of higher levels of indicator bacteria (Escherichia coli and intestinal enterococci). Therefore, the use of current indicators is not always adequate when assessing the overall potential health risk and the inclusion of additional parameters needs to be examined. This paper reports on the incidence and levels of Staphylococcus aureus at 258 locations in Primorje-Gorski Kotar County (Croatia) recorded by official bathing water quality monitoring, as well as supplemental monitoring carried out at the two most frequented beaches in the City of Rijeka. The number of bathers was found to be the main factor affecting S. aureus levels (r = 0.321, p < 0.05). The share of S. aureus positive samples from the official monitoring was significantly lower, when compared to the share of samples from supplemental monitoring (2.2% and 36.3%, respect...
Participants who want a certificate from the Croatian Medical Chamber need to register on the day... more Participants who want a certificate from the Croatian Medical Chamber need to register on the day of the symposium. Lunch and refreshments during break will be provided free of charge. Parking is free and provided in the building of the Student Center Rijeka (Radmile Matejčić 5)
OBJECTIVES: To investigate and explain changes of drug prices for hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatme... more OBJECTIVES: To investigate and explain changes of drug prices for hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatments on the Croatian market. METHODS: The study is a retrospective analysis, conducted using publicly available pricing lists from the Croatian National Health Insurance Fund. The encompassed period is from November 2012 to July 2016. RESULTS: Pegylated interferon alpha- 2a (pegIFN) maintained a constant price for a longer period of time due to the lack of direct competition. Boceprevir (BOC) and telaprevir (TPV) were able to maintain a constant price since their entry on the market up until simeprevir (SIM) entered the EU5 (Germany, France, United Kingdom, Italy, and Spain) market. Consequently, prices of TPV and BOC dropped (6% and 11%, respectively) remaining at that level even after SIM entered the Croatian market. The market entry of sofosbuvir (SOF) and ombitasvir, paritaprevir, ritonavir, and dasabuvir (OBV/PTV/ r/DSV) combination therapy was followed by a significant SIM’s price r...
Pomorstvo
Stock and flow pollution differentiation is the basis for efficient pollution-abatement mechanism... more Stock and flow pollution differentiation is the basis for efficient pollution-abatement mechanism designs. The focus of our research has been marine pollution from land-based sources. Stable isotope analysis of groundwater is an acknowledged method for karst aquifer characterisation. We have tested whether stable isotopes of water, when used as a proxy for groundwater dynamics in the karst, could also be used as an indicator of marine pollution differentiation in terms of flow and stock pollution. The focus has been on two close coastal locations characterized by differences in terms of open and closed sea as well as anthropogenic pressure. A static Estimated General Least Squares (EGLS) statistical model described the closed bay location suggesting stock pollution. For a good description of the open sea location, we have had to resort to dynamic Generalised Method of Moments (GMM) statistical modelling, indicating flow pollution. Stable isotopes of groundwater together with appropr...
<p>The highest average annual rainfall in Croatia is in the Northern Adriatic, with... more <p>The highest average annual rainfall in Croatia is in the Northern Adriatic, with some parts of the region receiving more than 2000 mm per year. Characteristics of the region&#8217;s weather are periods of intense rain alternating with dry periods in which the amount of precipitation can be negligible for more than a month. The area's water supply relies on karst groundwater sources that are primarily fed by Mediterranean precipitation. The aforementioned precipitation regime results in high groundwater yields in the cold part of the hydrological year and substantially decreased water quantities in the summer months. Under such specific conditions, it is of considerable importance to find out about the potential for climate change in order to ensure timely adjustment of the management and use of natural sources of water.</p><p>We present a comparison of the isotopic composition of precipitation collected on the mountain U&#269;ka in periods 2008-2011 and 2019-2020. Rain gauges were located on a vertical gradient from sea level up to nearly 1400 m. Unlike&#160;the isotopic altitude effect that did not change significantly compared to the one reported for the first period (Roller-Lutz et al, 2013), the weighted means of isotopic values were more positive in the second period.&#160; For the cold part of the hydrological year, local meteoric water line has recently moved to higher values, indicating the sources of precipitation from drier Mediterranean regions. Local meteoric water line for the warm part of the last hydrological year, indicates presence of increased evaporation and thus confirms lower precipitation amounts.</p><p>&#160;</p><p>Roller-Lutz Zvjezdana, Mance Diana, Hunjak Tamara, Lutz Hans O. (2013) On the isotopic altitude effect of precipitation in the Northern Adriatic (Croatia), Isotopes in Hydrology, Marine Ecosystems and Climate Change Studies. Vol. I. Proceedings of an International Symposium</p><p>&#160;</p><p>This work was supported by the University of Rijeka as part of the research project uniri-pr-prirod-19-24.</p>
Izlaganje opisuje obavezni sadržaj studije utjecaja na proracun u slucaju prijave novog lijeka i ... more Izlaganje opisuje obavezni sadržaj studije utjecaja na proracun u slucaju prijave novog lijeka i terapije Hrvatskom zavodu za zdravstveno osiguranje: 1. Procjena velicine tržista i rasta tržista. 2. Izracun troskova iz perspektive Zavoda. 3. Procjena troskova komplementarnih proizvoda. 4. Analize osjetljivosti. 5. Vremenski horizont, diskontiranje i inflacija. 6. Rezultati studije.
Pomorstvo, 2021
Coastal bathing water, as a common good, is an economic resource of public health interest. Predi... more Coastal bathing water, as a common good, is an economic resource of public health interest. Predictive models of coastal bathing water contamination are needed for timely prevention of pollution, warning of bathers, and activation of municipal services and utilities in case of contingencies, as well as institutional mechanism designs for common good management purposes. The goal of this research is to identify the variables that would improve predictive models of coastal bathing water bacterial contamination. The microbiological quality of coastal bathing water is affected by many variables. This research is an analysis of the following determinants: precipitation amount, seawater temperature and salinity, as well as few indicators of anthropogenic pressure on the environment such as registered population, registered tourist overnight stays and the amount of generated municipal waste, all possibly directly or indirectly affecting the bathing water quality in 17 coastal municipalitie...
Pomorstvo, 2018
Stock and flow pollution differentiation is the basis for efficient pollution-abatement mechanism... more Stock and flow pollution differentiation is the basis for efficient pollution-abatement mechanism designs. The focus of our research has been marine p
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Chronic GT1 HCV infections have been historically difficult to treat w... more BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Chronic GT1 HCV infections have been historically difficult to treat with the standard dual pegIFN + RBV therapy that is currently the only available treatment for naive HCV patients in Croatia. HCV patients who fail to achieve SVR after a second cycle of treatment (with triple therapies that also include pegIFN), in Croatia have no further treatment options and for them the development of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma is inevitable. It is, therefore, of great importance to reduce the number of patients who should receive triple therapy i.e. to use effective therapy for treatment of naive patients. The aim of our study was to evaluate the financial impact on the Croatian Health Insurance Fund (CHIF) budget following the introduction of new combination therapy (paritaprevir, ombitasvir, dasabuvir + ribavirin) for naive HCV GT1 patients with unfavourable predictors for treatment with standard dual therapy (IL28B TT genotype and compensated cirrhosis...
Rad predstavlja racunovodstvenu metodologiju reguliranja koncesija s aspekta koncesionara prema t... more Rad predstavlja racunovodstvenu metodologiju reguliranja koncesija s aspekta koncesionara prema tumacenju br. 12 Odbora za tumacenja međunarodnog financijskog izvjestavanja (IFRIC 12). Takva vrsta ugovora se racunovodstveno može razložiti na vec dobro poznate oblike za koje postoje i standardi i uhodana praksa primjene.
OBJECTIVES: To present the four degrees of price discrimination based on the criteria of quantity... more OBJECTIVES: To present the four degrees of price discrimination based on the criteria of quantity/quality differentiation and the individual/group patient differentiation. To answer the question of how are therapies valued relative to one another. METHODS: Firstly, we present a schematic representation of the traditional three degrees of price discrimination dependent on whether the seller targets individuals or groups, and whether buyers wish to use quantity or quality discounts. Secondly, we introduce the fourth degree of price discrimination on the example of the pharmaceuticals market. Drugs have different qualitative features that in our example are measured in percentage of sustained virological response, and/or different toxicities. We try to measure these qualitative values in the quantity/quality differentiation and conjecture a relation with the price of a drug. RESULTS: Economics recognises a set of three degrees of price discrimination dependent on whether the seller tar...
Pomorstvo, 2014
The Croatian long-lasting fisheries problem still vivid one year after the Croatian admission to ... more The Croatian long-lasting fisheries problem still vivid one year after the Croatian admission to the EU is overfishing in a “common pool resource”
Accounting policies are specific principles, bases, conventions, rules and practices applied by a... more Accounting policies are specific principles, bases, conventions, rules and practices applied by an entity in preparing and presenting financial statements. The preparers of financial statements have an incentive and are in a position to manipulate the view of economic reality presented in those statements to serve their own pecuniary interests. In this principal-agent problem, the management files financial statements as an assessment of their own performance. Moreover, the management controls and decides upon the relevant information presented in these financial statements. Accounting regulation attempts to ensure that information is produced on a consistent basis in accordance with the rules that makes the financial statements more reliable for users. Nevertheless, the accounting regulation does not address the principal-agent and the moral-hazard problems. We propose a change of the practice in which the management is in control of their own accounting, controlling, and auditing ...
Financial Reporting, organized in two core areas as internal and external financial reporting, re... more Financial Reporting, organized in two core areas as internal and external financial reporting, reached a very high scientific and professional level. These two areas of accounting flow from the same informational base. Financial reporting to internal and external users, and internal managerial accounting, developed into two separate directions, but along the way lost all common characteristics. An area important to both, where it is necessary and possible to set up a compliant accounting reporting system is the reporting by operating segments. Global processes require harmonization of internal and external reporting systems in order to make the preparing, presenting and interpreting of the financial statements content more efficient. Based on identified informational needs of internal and external reporting by business segments and reached levels of standardization, this paper analyzes the characteristics and factors of further harmonization.
Labour is an essential and specific resource to a firm. The framework for any labour contract is ... more Labour is an essential and specific resource to a firm. The framework for any labour contract is set by the individual country’s regulation, i.e. its labour market institutional mechanism design. Our research problem is concentrated onto the objection of a growing discrepancy between firms’ needs and employment contracts as they are actually implemented under current regulation. The foremost economic question at hand is whether the labour market and firm’s regulatory institutional mechanism design is commensurate with the specific firm’s needs and the needs of the economy of that particular country. During the 20 century, employment regulation was mostly tightened under the excuse of greater worker protection consequently reducing the freedom of contract between employers and employees. Firms needed and asked for exactly the opposite: more flexible employment contracts. Employment regulation is an essential part of the legal business framework since it governs employment relationshi...
One of the most important information given by accounting is the one concerning company value and... more One of the most important information given by accounting is the one concerning company value and the value of its assets, liabilities and equity. The concept of capital maintenance is concerned with how an enterprise defines the capital that it seeks to maintain in profit determination. The concept of fair value accounting is concerned with the valuation of assets, liabilities, and equity based on market values or its closest substitutes. As only inflows in excess of the amounts needed to preserve the capital may be regarded as profit, the choice of the capital maintenance measurement basis influences the residual amount, i.e. the profit, and consequently, the decision-making process. Currently, there are two basic capital maintenance concepts: financial capital maintenance concept and physical capital maintenance concept, each with many variants. Different valuation concepts are not commensurate with any of the theoretical variants of capital maintenance.
U postupku priznavanja, mjerenja, prezentiranja i objave financijskih izvjestaja mogu se potkrast... more U postupku priznavanja, mjerenja, prezentiranja i objave financijskih izvjestaja mogu se potkrasti nenamjerne pogreske, ali se mogu uciniti i namjerne pogreske. Nastale pogreske tekuceg izvjestajnog razdoblja moraju se ispraviti odmah, prije objavljivanja financijskih izvjestaja, dok je za pogreske prethodnih izvjestajnih razdoblja predviđen postupak njihove retroaktivne korekcije.
We investigate the relationship between property rights enforcement and corruption in EU countrie... more We investigate the relationship between property rights enforcement and corruption in EU countries. Property rights are the basic economic institution enabling commerce as a form of exchange of titles. Property rights enable the building of rational expectations about the results of future actions. Therefore, by reducing insecurity, property rights provide incentives for investment, wealth formation, specialization, production, and trade. Corruption is an institutional dysfunction caused by the relationship between private and governmental sector consisting of an act of abuse of power by governmental employees for the purpose of private gain. Corruption was, until recently, mainly analysed as an independent variable. We permit for endogeneity of both variables when regressing the composite index of perception of freedom from corruption against the composite index of property rights enforcement. The choice of variables and the model follows from the theoretical background of the Econ...
Personalized Medicine in Healthcare Systems, 2019
Economics developed a set of three degrees of price discrimination dependent on whether the selle... more Economics developed a set of three degrees of price discrimination dependent on whether the seller targets individuals or groups, and whether buyers wish to use quantity rebates. The seller’s reason to price discriminate is to capture as much of the buyers utility surplus. Price discrimination is deemed unfair and immoral, and this is especially so in the market for pharmaceutical therapies. However, sometimes it can indeed be socially useful to price discriminate as the practice, under circumstances, enhances efficiency and social welfare.