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-arium

出典:『Wiktionary』 (2026/04/29 17:29 UTC 版)

発音

• enPR: -âr′ē-əm
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /-ˈɛə̯ɹ.iː.əm/, /-ˈɛːɹ.iː.əm/; (older) /-ˈeə̯ɹ.iː.əm/
• (General American) IPA: (without the Mary–marry–merry merger) /-ˈeɹ.i.əm/, (Mary–marry–merry merger) /-ˈɛɹ.i.əm/
• (Canada) IPA: /-ˈɛɹ.i.əm/
• (General Australian) IPA: /-ˈeːɹ.iː.əm/
• (New Zealand) IPA: (without the cheer–chair merger) /-ˈeə̯ɹ.iː.əm/, (cheer–chair merger) /-ˈiə̯ɹ.iː.əm/
• (Scotland) IPA: /-ˈeɾ.i.əm/, /-ˈeɾ.i.ʌm/
• (India) IPA: /-ˈa(ː)(ɾ).iː.um/, /-ˈɛjə̯(ɾ).iː.um/, /-ˈeːɾ.iː.um/
• 韻: -ɛəɹiəm
• ハイフネーション: -ar‧i‧um

使用する際の注意点

• Care should be taken to distinguish occurrences of -arium from occurrences of -ium. For instance: element names (such as barium and samarium) have the -ium suffix.

派生語

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [aː.ri.ũː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [a.ri.um]
• ハイフネーション: -ā‧ri‧um

接尾辞

-ārium n (genitive -āriī or -ārī); second declension

1. used primarily to form nouns of purpose from other nouns, such as places where things are kept or objects used for a particular end
   ‎arma (“weapons, tools”) + ‎-ārium → ‎armārium (“closet, chest”)
   ‎sōl (“sun”) + ‎-ārium → ‎sōlārium (“sundial, house-top”)
   ‎columba (“dove”) + ‎-ārium → ‎columbārium (“dovecot”)
   ‎glōssa (“definition”) + ‎-ārium → ‎glōssārium (“glossary, collection of glosses”)

使用する際の注意点

• -ārium of purpose: All usages of the -ārium suffix are properly neuter substantivisations for adjectives derived in -ārius from existing substantives. In most cases, the relationship between the two nouns is ‘place where;’ this usage has been productive in all periods of Classical and post-Classical Latin. In addition, the same suffix has continued to be used to designate novel items according to their purposes. This class constitute approximately a quarter of commonly used -ārium suffixations. Adjectives in -ārius are generally formed from numerals or nouns.
  sūdor (“sweat”) → sūdārius (“sweaty”) → sūdārium (“handkerchief”)
  mīlle (“thousand”) → milliārius (“relating to miles or thousands”) → milliārium (“milepost”)
  album (“the colour white”) → albārius (“relating to whitening walls”) → albārium (“stucco”)
• -ārium by analogy: three commonly used nouns have been formed by analogy from adjectives or verbs:
  viridārium (“hunting preserve”, from viridis)
  inventārium (“inventory”, from inveniō)
  caldārium (“hottest room in a Roman bath”, from caldus)
• -ārium for re-substantivation: four commonly used nouns are re-substantivated versions of cognate nouns formed directly from the adjectives in -ārium: pampinārium (“vine tendril”), alveārium (“beehive”), cellārium (“pantry, cellar”), and fustuārium (“death by cudgeling”). With the exception of cellārium, which was first attested in the fourth century, the remaining words were likely coined prior to the first millennium.

For roots containing /l/, there is some overlap in usage with the etymologically distinct third-declension suffix -āre and its apocopated variant -ar (derived from the neuter forms of the adjective suffix -āris, a dissimilated form of -ālis); thus, cochleārium alongside cochlear, lacūnārium alongside lacūnar, pulvīnārium alongside pulvīnar. Note that the nominative/accusative/vocative plural forms like lacūnāria and pulvīnāria are identical for both types of declension.

語形変化

Second-declension noun (neuter).

Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

派生語

派生した語

• → English: -arium (learned)
• → Dutch: -arium (learned)
• → Polish: -arium (learned)

参照

1. ^ Martial (86 CE – 103 CE), Epigrammata (in Classical Latin), XI.XXXIX.3: “Iam mihi nigrescunt tonsa sudaria barba”

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