Cyphonism - Weblio 英和・和英辞典 (original) (raw)

語源

Borrowed from New Latin cyphōnismus, from Ancient Greek κυφωνισμός (kuphōnismós), from κύφων (kúphōn, “wooden collar, bent yoke”) + -ισμός (-ismós, abstract noun suffix).

Κυφωνισμός (Kuphōnismós) appears only in the scholia on Aristophanes’ Plutus, where it is simply glossed as the punishment involving the kuphōn, and in the Byzantine Suda, which states that it refers to a “bad and ruinous” punishment. The Suda additionally transmits a fragment of Claudius Aelianus describing a punishment in which one bound to a kuphōn or pillory would be doused in milk and honey and exposed to insects for 20 days. Beginning with the Renaissance humanist Caelius Rhodiginus, “cyphonism” was generally taken to refer to this punishment in particular.