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culter

出典:『Wiktionary』 (2026/03/10 03:07 UTC 版)

参照

• “culter”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

発音

• IPA: /ˈkul.ter/, [ˈkuɫ.ter]

名詞

culter ?

1. A coulter (of a plow)
2. (rare) A dagger.

派生した語

• Middle English: culter, colter, coltre, coltur, coulter, cultir, cultour, cultre, cultur, culture, koltre, kulter
  • English: colter, coulter (obsolete culter)
  • Scots: couter, cooter

参照

• Angus Cameron, Ashley Crandell Amos, Antonette diPaolo Healey, editors (2018), “culter”, in Dictionary of Old English: A to Le ⁠, Toronto: University of Toronto, →OCLC.

別の表記

• colter, coltre, coltur, coulter, cultir, cultour, cultre, cultur, culture, koltre, kulter

派生した語

• English: colter, coulter (obsolete culter)
• Scots: couter, cooter

参照

• “culter, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

語源

Uncertain. Explanations include:

• From a formation equivalent to Proto-Indo-European *(s)kolh₂/₃-trom, from the root *(s)kelH- (“to cut”).
• From the root *(s)ker- (“to shear, cut off”) to a preform *kor-tro- which has undergone dissimilation */rtr/ > /ltr/.

Both of the above etymologies assume a change in the suffix *-trom (and in gender), which otherwise would yield Latin *-trum.

Compare Sanskrit कर्त्तृ (karttṛ), Ashkun kāṭi, Kamkata-viri kaṭo, kṭo, Prasuni iti, Tregami kāṭäy, Waigali kaṭä, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kért-tōr.

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈkʊɫ.tɛr]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈkul.ter]

名詞

culter m (genitive cultrī); second declension

1. knife
   Synonym: novācula
2. razor

語形変化

Second-declension noun (nominative singular in -er).

派生した語

• Aragonese: cuitre, cultre
• Old French: coltre, coutre
  • French: coutre
• Italian: coltro, cultro
• Occitan: cotre
• Old Spanish: cuitre
• ⇒ Esperanto: koltro
• → Old Welsh: cultir
  • Middle Welsh: culldyr, kulldyr
    * Welsh: cwlltr, cwlltwr
• → Portuguese: cultro
• → Proto-West Germanic:
  • Old English: culter, cultor, cultur
    * Middle English: culter, colter, coltre, coltur, coulter, cultir, cultour, cultre, cultur, culture, koltre, kulter
    * English: colter, coulter (obsolete culter)
    * Scots: couter, cooter
  • Middle Dutch: couter
    * Dutch: kouter
  • Middle Low German: kolter
    * → German: Kolter

参照

• “culter”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “culter”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “culter”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to plunge a dagger, knife in some one's heart: sicam, cultrum in corde alicuius defigere (Liv. 1. 58)
• “culter”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “culter”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
• New Latin Grammar, Allen and Greenough,1903.

1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “culter, -trī”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 151

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