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vicis

出典:『Wiktionary』 (2026/05/13 05:25 UTC 版)

語源 1

From Proto-Indo-European *weyk- (“to curve, bend”). Cognate with vinciō, Ancient Greek εἴκω (eíkō), English week, German Wechsel (“change”), Northern Sami viker (“willow twig, wand”), Old Norse vikja (“to bend, turn”), 古期英語 wician (“to yield, give way”), wice (“wych elm”), Sanskrit विष्टी (viṣṭī, “changeable, changing”).

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈwɪ.kɪs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈviː.t͡ʃis]

名詞

vicis f (genitive **vicis); third declension

1. change; alternation; interchange
   in vicem ― mutually; reciprocally
2. time; instance
3. (by extension) season
4. succession
5. condition; lot
6. the position, room, place, stead, post, office or duty of one person assumed by another

語形変化

Third-declension noun.

派生語

• invicem
• vicārius
• *vicāta
• vicātim
• vice versā
• vicem gerere
• vicissim
• vicissitās
• vicissitūdō

派生した語

See vice for further descendants.

• Insular Romance:
  • ⇒ Sardinian: vicanu, bicaniu
• Italo-Dalmatian:
  • Italian: vice, vece
    * → Sardinian: veci
  • Dalmatian: vicio
• Rhaeto-Romance:
  • ⇒? Friulian: vecis
• Gallo-Italic:
  • Old Piedmontese: vèis
• Northern Gallo-Romance:
  • Franco-Provençal: vês
  • Old French: foiz, feiz
    * Middle French: foys
    * French: fois
    * → Esperanto: fojo
    * → Franco-Provençal: fês
    * → Occitan: fes
• Southern Gallo-Romance:
  • Old Catalan: veu
  • Old Occitan: vetz
    * Gascon: vetz
    * Limousin: vetz
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Asturian: vez
  • Extremaduran: ves
  • Mirandese: beç
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: vez
    * Galician: vez
    * Portuguese: vez
  • Old Spanish: vez
    * Ladino: vez, ves, ב׳יז
    * Spanish: vez
• ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *vicenda
  • Italian: vicenda
    * → Ligurian: vicénda

語源 2

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈwiː.kiːs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈviː.t͡ʃis]

名詞

vīcīs

1. dative/ablative plural of vīcus (“row of houses; street; village”)

参照

• “vicis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “vicis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “vicis”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • I am sorry for you: tuam vicem doleo
• Pokorny, Julius (1959), Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1130
• Dizionario Latino, Olivetti

1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “vicis”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 674-5

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