Wenceslau Teixeira | EMBRAPA - Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (original) (raw)

Papers by Wenceslau Teixeira

As mudanças climáticas estão causando uma série de impactos ambientais, incluindo eventos climáti... more As mudanças climáticas estão causando uma série de impactos ambientais, incluindo eventos climáticos extremos, como chuvas intensas e inundações. Os jardins de chuva são uma solução de infraestrutura verde que podem ajudar a mitigar os impactos desses eventos extremos. Este artigo propõe os jardins de chuva como ferramenta de adaptação urbana às consequências causadas pelas mudanças climáticas. A metodologia consiste no dimensionamento e projeto de um jardim de chuva em região central, na cidade de Niterói, a partir de dados de seleção de área urbana, caracterização do regime de chuvas e cálculo da capacidade de infiltração de água no solo. Em função das condições observadas in loco, foi calculado um jardim de chuva com 1,05 metros de profundidade de camada com capacidade de armazenamento de até 8400 litros de água, equivalente a uma precipitação média efetiva anual de 1159 mm. Espera-se que essa proposta de modelo de jardim de chuva possa ser implementada e multiplicada, de modo a garantir a adaptação de centros urbanos menos vulneráveis aos desafios, sobretudo das mudanças do clima. Palavras-chave: alagamentos, mudanças climáticas, biorretenção, técnicas de infiltração, drenagem urbana.

$Research paper thumbnail of Mapping soil carbon, particle-size fractions, and water retention in tropical dry forest in Brazil$

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, 2016

The objective of this work was to compare ordinary kriging with regression kriging to map soil pr... more The objective of this work was to compare ordinary kriging with regression kriging to map soil properties at different depths in a tropical dry forest area in Brazil. The 11 soil properties evaluated were: organic carbon content and stock; bulk density; clay, sand, and silt contents; cation exchange capacity; pH; water retention at field capacity and at permanent wilting point; and available water. Samples were taken from 327 sites at 0.0-0.10, 0.10-0.20, and 0.20-0.40-m depths, in a tropical dry forest area of 102 km2. Stepwise linear regression models for particle-size fractions and water retention properties had the best fit. Relief and parent material covariates were selected in 31 of the 33 models (11 properties at three depths) and vegetation covariates in 29 models. Based on external validation, ordinary kriging obtained higher accuracy for 21 out of 33 property x depth combinations, indicating that the inclusion of a linear trend model before kriging does not necessarily imp...

Studies on the influence of leaf temperature rise on gas exchange in tropical tree species grown ... more Studies on the influence of leaf temperature rise on gas exchange in tropical tree species grown in plantations are rare. With regard to the predicted increase in air temperature in the future in the Central Amazon, we investigated the influence of increasing leave temperature on the gas exchange of oil palms cultivated in monocultures as well as in mixed plantations with cassava or banana. This study was carried out at the Embrapa Experimental Station in Presidente Figueiredo – AM – Brazil, 60 km north of Manaus. The net photosynthesis (Pn), transpiration (E), stomatal conductance (gs) and the water use efficiency (WUE) of the plants were quantified by a portable photosynthesis meter (CI-340). In all plantations increasing leaf temperatures caused a significant decrease of the net photosynthesis (Pn), stomatal conductance (gs), and the water use efficiency (WUE) of the oil palms. Maximum transpiration rates (E) were observed at leaf temperatures between 38 and 46°C. In addition to ...

Engenharia Sanitaria e Ambiental, 2021

RESUMO A representatividade da amostragem é fundamental para embasar a tomada de decisão, uma vez... more RESUMO A representatividade da amostragem é fundamental para embasar a tomada de decisão, uma vez que a heterogeneidade da matriz é o principal fator para incerteza dos dados nos estudos de gerenciamento de áreas contaminadas. Neste estudo, coletaram-se 112 amostras de solo superficial em malha quadrada de 1 x 1 m, em uma área 15 x 6 m, no campus regional de Resende da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Anteriormente, no terreno funcionaram empresas de produção de filmes radiográficos e purificação de prata metálica. As amostras de solo foram analisadas por pXRF, método de screening para metais. Com base nos dados levantados, calculou-se, por meio de métodos estatísticos, a quantidade de amostras que permitiriam uma caracterização representativa da área, considerando um erro relativo de 20% para dois intervalos de confiança: 95 e 80%. As análises indicaram concentrações superiores aos valores de referência para os parâmetros prata, mercúrio, chumbo, selênio e zinco. Os result...

ABSTRACTAdvancing extensive cattle production shifts the forest landscape and is considered one o... more ABSTRACTAdvancing extensive cattle production shifts the forest landscape and is considered one of the main drivers against biodiversity conservation in the Brazilian Amazonia. Considering soil as an ecosystem it becomes vital to identify the effects of land-use changes on soil microbial communities, structure, as well as its ecological functions and services. Herein, we explored relationships between land-use, soil types and forest floor (i.e., association between litter, root layer and bulk soil) on the prokaryotic metacommunity structuring in the Western Amazonia. Sites under high anthropogenic pressure were evaluated along a gradient of ± 800 km. Prokaryotic metacommunity are synergistically affected by soil types and land-use systems. Especially, the gradient of soil fertility and land-use shapes the structuring of the metacommunity and determines its composition. Forest-to-pasture conversion increases alpha, beta, and gamma diversities when considering only the prokaryotes fro...

Revista Virtual de Química, 2020

Biochar is a product of the pyrolysis of organic waste with potential use in agriculture. Its use... more Biochar is a product of the pyrolysis of organic waste with potential use in agriculture. Its use depends on its physico-chemical properties, which vary according to the biomass and the pyrolysis process. Agroindustry that processing oranges and bananas generate a large amount of residues. We produced biochars from banana peels and orange bagasse with pyrolysis at 400 and 600°C. The results showed a variation of properties as a function of the biomass and the pyrolysis temperature. All biochars showed alkaline pH. The banana peels biochars present high ash values and electrical conductivity. The carbon contents varies between 50-60%. The Cu contents limited the agricultural use, as well as the naphthalene content in the bagasse orange biochar at 600°C. Further studies on agronomic advantages and risks of the use of these biochars in tropical soils are needed. O biocarvão é um produto da pirólise de resíduos orgânicos com potencial uso na agricultura. A utilização depende de suas propriedades físico-químicas, que variam de acordo com a biomassa e o processo de pirólise utilizado. As agroindústrias de processamento de laranjas e bananas geram uma grande quantidade de resíduos. Foi produzido em reator biocarvão de cascas de banana e bagaços de laranja com nas temperaturas de 400°C e 600°C. Os resultados mostraram variação das características em função da biomassa e da temperatura de pirólise. Todos os biocarvões mostraram pH alcalino. Os biocarvões de casca de banana apresentam elevados valores de cinzas e condutividade elétrica. Os teores de carbono variaram 50-60%. Os teores de Cu limitam o uso agrícola, assim como o teor de naftaleno no biocarvão de bagaço de laranja carbonizado a 600°C. São necessários estudos complementares sobre vantagens agronômicas e riscos da utilização deste biocarvões nos solos tropicais.

Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, 2020

Pedotransfer functions: the role of soil chemical properties units conversion for soil classifica... more Pedotransfer functions: the role of soil chemical properties units conversion for soil classification. Rev Bras Cienc Solo. 2020;44:e0190086.

DELOS: DESARROLLO LOCAL SOSTENIBLE

Atualmente, é possível observar eventos hidrológicos extremos cada vez mais frequentes na cidade ... more Atualmente, é possível observar eventos hidrológicos extremos cada vez mais frequentes na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, esses eventos causam grandes transtorno a cidade. Isso é devido aos diversos fatores contribuintes, destacando-se falhas no planejamento urbano que, consequentemente, estão associados às modificações na bacia hidrográfica e nos componentes do balanço hídrico. Este estudo teve como objetivo compreender a dinâmica hidrológica do bairro Jardim Botânico, na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. A partir de um levantamento dos episódios recentes de alagamentos e inundações, verificou-se maior concentração dos eventos extremos de precipitação entre os meses de janeiro a abril. Os valores de Tempo de Retorno (TR) foram estimados para as precipitações máximas, com duração de uma hora, no período compreendido entre 2009 e 2019. Estimou-se ainda, uma probabilidade de cerca de 2% de ocorrência para um evento pluviométrico de 88 mm em um ano qualquer, cálculo realizado pelo inverso do TR. Po...

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, 2016

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos de diferentes usos da terra nas caracterí... more Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos de diferentes usos da terra nas características e nos atributos de Latossolos da região Oeste do Estado da Bahia. Os Latossolos apresentavam texturas com fração areia amplamente predominante, e foram avaliados em áreas de cerrado, algodão, soja e feijão, no Município de Luís Eduardo Magalhães. A caracterização morfológica e a coleta de amostras de solos para avaliação dos atributos físicos e químicos por horizontes foram feitas em minitrincheiras, enquanto a avaliação da condutividade hidráulica saturada foi feita com permeâmetro de Guelph em duas profundidades: 0,0-0,20 e 0,20-0,40 m. Os Latossolos avaliados, além de uma estrutura maciça, apresentaram horizonte genético adensado, que, sob uso agrícola, torna-se mais compactado, espesso e superficial, e forma torrões quando revolvido. O uso agrícola reduz a condutividade hidráulica saturada dos Latossolos avaliados nas duas camadas, com exceção do cultivo de feijão.

Central Amazon—Brazil.</p

The base image is LANDSAT 5 image (2011). The Landsat images were downloaded from USGS.&... more The base image is LANDSAT 5 image (2011). The Landsat images were downloaded from USGS.</p

World soils book series, 2023

Archaeological excavations carried out in the riverine shellmound Moraes, Miracatu, SP - Brazil, ... more Archaeological excavations carried out in the riverine shellmound Moraes, Miracatu, SP - Brazil, pointed out distinct archaeological layers which resulted in the mound configuration of the site. Therefore, aiming at reaching a first approach on the formation process of the site, physical-chemical soil analysis from inside and outside the site were developed in order to comprehend the properties that could have contributed for the characterization of the peculiarities found on the archaeological layers of this riverine shellmound.It was demonstrated a large alteration in many chemical and physical properties of the soil horizons developed in the shellmound. The high levels of phosphorus in the dark horizons indicate an enrichment of that horizon by addition of residues rich in this element (e.g. bones). The dark horizons also show high levels of organic carbon in comparison with the original soil horizon. However, if the stabilization of the organic carbon that allows its accumulatio...

(A and B) irregular, orthic and concentric nodules with very small voids, spongy-like (u... more (A and B) irregular, orthic and concentric nodules with very small voids, spongy-like (ultraviolet light); (C and D) nodules formed of several smaller entities each separated by adjacent groundmass (disjointed morphology) (OIL).</p

Central Amazon—Brazil.</p

$Research paper thumbnail of Mapping soil carbon, particle-size fractions, and water retention in tropical dry forest in Brazil$

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, 2016

Engenharia Sanitaria e Ambiental, 2021

Revista Virtual de Química, 2020

Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, 2020

DELOS: DESARROLLO LOCAL SOSTENIBLE

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, 2016

Central Amazon—Brazil.</p

The base image is LANDSAT 5 image (2011). The Landsat images were downloaded from USGS.&... more The base image is LANDSAT 5 image (2011). The Landsat images were downloaded from USGS.</p

World soils book series, 2023

Central Amazon—Brazil.</p

Crystal McMichael, Dolores Piperno and Mark Bush commented on our paper "The domestication of Ama... more Crystal McMichael, Dolores Piperno and Mark Bush commented on our paper "The domestication of Amazonia before European conquest", Proc. R. Soc. B 282: 20150813. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2015.0813
See their comment at http:/dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2015.1837

Proceedings of the Royal Society B – Biological Sciences, London, 282: 20150813, Jul 22, 2015

During the twentieth century, Amazonia was widely regarded as relatively pristine nature, little ... more During the twentieth century, Amazonia was widely regarded as relatively pristine nature, little impacted by human history. This view remains popular despite mounting evidence of substantial human influence over millennial scales across the region. Here, we review the evidence of an anthropogenic Amazonia in response to claims of sparse populations across broad portions of the region. Amazonia was a major centre of crop domestication, with at least 83 native species containing populations domesticated to some degree. Plant domestication occurs in domesticated landscapes, including highly modified Amazonian dark earths (ADEs) associated with large settled populations and that may cover greater than 0.1% of the region. Populations and food production expanded rapidly within land management systems in the mid-Holocene, and complex societies expanded in resource-rich areas creating domesticated landscapes with profound impacts on local and regional ecology. ADE food production projections support estimates of at least eight million people in 1492. By this time, highly diverse regional systems had developed across Amazonia where subsistence resources were created with plant and landscape domestication, including earthworks. This review argues that the Amazonian anthrome was no less socio-culturally diverse or populous than other tropical forested areas of the world prior to European conquest.

Preprint submitted to Nature Communicationss, 2021

Archaeological research provides clear evidence that the widespread formation of Amazonian Dark E... more Archaeological research provides clear evidence that the widespread formation of Amazonian Dark Earths (ADEs) in tropical lowland South America was concentrated in the Late Holocene, an outcome of sharp demographic growth that peaked towards 1000 BP. In their recent paper, however, Silva et al. propose that the high fertility of ADE is not of anthropic origin but instead the result of alluvial deposition starting in the Middle Holocene (8200-4200 cal BP). In order to support this argument, they marshal data and observations from a single expanse of ADE, the archaeological site of Caldeirão, and disregard or misread other studies of ADEs in the Central Amazon region. Silva et al.'s claim, an epilogue to 'geogenic' models laid to rest over 40 years ago, also dismisses research showing how long-term anthropic soil enrichment occurs as a result of daily practices at contemporary indigenous settlements. Here we critically review Silva et al.'s analysis and affirm that, like most ADEs, Caldeirão has anthropic soil horizons formed by burning, deposition, and reworking of refuse associated with indigenous settlement activities between 2500 and 500 BP.

artigo do 56o Congreso Internacional de Americanistas, 2018

Estudos arqueológicos recentes no sudeste da Amazônia, na região da Serra dos Carajás, vão destac... more Estudos arqueológicos recentes no sudeste da Amazônia, na região da Serra dos Carajás, vão destacando a transformação do meio ambiente por atividades humanas desde o inicio do Holoceno, cerca de 11,000 anos antes do presente. O solo e a vegetação nas áreas onde há vestígios arqueológicos foram modificados pelas atividades domésticas e de manejo no passado. Os impactos nos sedimentos e solos em sítios em cavidades ou a céu aberto, com datas mais antigas ou mais recentes, se refletem nos resultados de análises físicas e químicas que incluíram susceptibilidade magnética, condutividade elétrica, pH, matéria orgânica, Al, P, K, Ca e Mg. Resultados preliminares mostram um impacto significativo nos valores destas variáveis em diferentes áreas dos sítios que refletem os diferentes usos do espaço no passado.

AGU, 2022

Human-landscape interactions have influenced the carbon cycle in numerous ways since the industri... more Human-landscape interactions have influenced the carbon cycle in numerous ways since the industrial revolution, but the role of human activities in the ancient world is less well known. One example is the Amazon region, one of the most important terrestrial carbon reservoirs, where the size of ancient human populations and the extent of their impact on the landscape are hotly debated. Central to this debate is Amazonian dark earth – anomalous soil characterized by darker color, higher organic carbon content, and higher fertility than typical Amazonian upland soils. Archaeological evidence indicates that dark earth formed in association with human occupation, especially on high bluffs created by river entrenchment, but it is uncertain what practices created dark earth and whether humans created it intentionally. The amount of carbon stored in dark earth sites is also largely unknown, adding uncertainty to the potential climate impacts of soil carbon loss due to land-use change and global warming. We demonstrate similarities between dark earth in ancient and modern contexts and document modern indigenous practices that enrich soil, which we use to propose a model for the formation of ancient dark earth. This comparison suggests that ancient Amazonians managed soil to improve fertility and increase crop productivity. These practices also sequestered and stored carbon in the soil for centuries, and we show that the organic carbon content of some ancient dark earth sites is comparable to that of the above-ground rainforest biomass. Our results demonstrate the intentional creation of Amazonian dark earth and highlight the role of ancient human-landscape interactions in shaping terrestrial carbon reservoirs.