Ryan Sutherland | Emory University (original) (raw)
Thesis Chapters by Ryan Sutherland
This thesis argues that the gamelan has played a central role in creating a Western musical cultu... more This thesis argues that the gamelan has played a central role in creating a Western musical culture that seeks hybridity with non-Western musics as a means of creating novel soundscapes. I aim to augment the existing corpus of research concerning the influence of the Balinese and Javanese gamelan on contemporary Western art music and on the development of musical modernism, highlighting how hybrid aesthetics have come to not only influence but ultimately define many modern soundscapes. Composers whose works were influenced by the gamelan, such as Debussy, Bartók, Partch, Britten, and others, heralded the advent of modernism and signaled the end of the Common Practice era, emerging stylistically from beneath the shadow of Romanticism. And the influence of the gamelan on Western music is still evident today: its impact is palpable in the minimalist writing of composer Philip Glass, the intricate percussion compositions by set-theorist Iannis Xenakis, and in a variety of new-age ambient, punk, and electronica albums. Thus, this thesis provides a broad-based analysis of the widespread impact the gamelan has had and continues to have on composers, specifically highlighting the movements of Impressionism and Minimalism by analyzing pieces by Claude Debussy and Steve Reich, among others. Global interest in the genre known as “world music” has further popularized the gamelan sound, yet the rich local history and syncretic religious practices associated with this musical lineage remain largely unknown outside academic circles. And even within academic circles the relevance of the gamelan is often questioned. Thus, the significance of this project is multifaceted: it will serve to inform about the impact that Balinese and Javanese gamelan traditions have had on the stylistic development of contemporary Western music, on the establishment of the field of applied ethnomusicology, and on the creation and popularization of the world music genre and its offshoots among global audiences, and will establish an archive of gamelan karawitan (traditional repertoire). Furthermore, this thesis will draw on a wide array of interdisciplinary research, citing anthropologists, ethnographers, historians, ethnomusicologists and musicians, and will record cross-cultural perspectives, discussing themes of appropriation, historical practice, and notions of musical change and development.
Papers by Ryan Sutherland
Routledge eBooks, Apr 27, 2022
Journal of General Internal Medicine, 2022
BACKGROUND: Broad consensus supports the use of primary care to address unmet need for mental hea... more BACKGROUND: Broad consensus supports the use of primary care to address unmet need for mental health treatment. OBJECTIVE: To better understand whether primary care filled the gap when individuals were unable to access specialty mental health care. DESIGN: 2018 mixed methods study with a national US internet survey (completion rate 66%) and follow-up interviews. PARTICIPANTS: Privately insured English-speaking adults ages 18-64 reporting serious psychological distress that used an outpatient mental health provider in the last year or attempted to use a mental health provider but did not ultimately use specialty services (N = 428). Follow-up interviews were conducted with 30 survey respondents. MAIN MEASURES: Whether survey respondents obtained mental health care from their primary care provider (PCP), and if so, the rating of that care on a 1 to 10 scale, with ratings of 9 or 10 considered highly rated. Interviews explored patient-reported barriers and facilitators to engagement and satisfaction with care provided by PCPs. KEY RESULTS: Of the 22% that reported they tried to but did not access specialty mental health care, 53% reported receiving mental health care from a PCP. Respondents receiving care only from their PCP were less likely to rate their PCP care highly (21% versus 48%; p = 0.01). Interviewees reported experiences with PCP-provided mental health care related to three major themes: PCP engagement, relationship with the PCP, and PCP role. CONCLUSIONS: Primary care is partially filling the gap for mental health treatment when specialty care is not available. Patient experiences reinforce the need for screening and follow-up in primary care, clinician training, and referral to a trusted specialty consultant when needed.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2021
Group care models, in which patients with similar health conditions receive medical services in a... more Group care models, in which patients with similar health conditions receive medical services in a shared appointment, have increasingly been adopted in a variety of health care settings. Applying the Triple Aim framework, we examined the potential of group medical care to optimize health system performance through improved patient experience, better health outcomes, and the reduced cost of health care. A systematic review of English language articles was conducted using the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register (CENTRAL), MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, and Embase. Studies based on data from randomized control trials (RCTs) conducted in the US and analyzed using an intent-to-treat approach to test the effect of group visits versus standard individual care on at least one Triple Aim domain were included. Thirty-one studies met the inclusion criteria. These studies focused on pregnancy (n = 9), diabetes (n = 15), and other chronic health conditions (n = 7). Compared with individual care, group ...
The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine, 2019
The need for improved clinical education surrounding the way difficult news is delivered and how ... more The need for improved clinical education surrounding the way difficult news is delivered and how to initiate end-of-life (EOL) discussions with seriously ill patients and their families is essential. Physicians and medical students often report feeling unprepared or uncomfortable with broaching the topic of death with their patients and families [1]. Early and honest conversations with patients concerning diagnoses and advance directives help patients and their families make well-informed decisions regarding future medical care, minimize pain and fears, and allow patients to experience a “peaceful death [1].” Moreover, end-of-life conversations frequently focus on resuscitation plans (advance directives), but should be broadened to include patients’ psychosocial, physical, and economic concerns. Transparent, realistic, and sensitive end-of-life conversations can help patients maintain autonomy and dignity in the dying process and increase their quality of life as they near death. Ad...
Background One in three children in the United States is currently classified as overweight or ob... more Background One in three children in the United States is currently classified as overweight or obese, and this prevalence increases as age rises. 1 Obesity varies by racial, environmental, ethnic, genetic, and socioeconomic factors. 1 Childhood obesity is more prevalent among African Americans, American Indians, and Mexican-Americans than in Whites, as well as in lower income families. 1 2 3 Connecticut has one of the lowest obesity rates of children ages 10-17 in the nation (~11.9%). 4 Norwalk's childhood obesity rate, assessed through school BMI data at kindergarten, 3 rd , 6 th and 9 th grade, is well above this mark at 22% 5. This project reflects a partnership between the Norwalk Health Department and Norwalk Public Schools to create a report on childhood obesity in Norwalk schools stratified by age, gender, race, and free and reduced-price lunch eligibility. Objectives 1) Identify areas for improvement that could be addressed by the Norwalk Health Department and/or the Norwalk Public School System. 2) Analyze BMI data to determine if disparities in obesity prevalence in Norwalk Public Schools exist by demographic characteristics and understand how trends in obesity prevalence have changed over time.
This observational study surveyed knowledge, practice, and attitudes (KAP) of N=959 youth 13-18 y... more This observational study surveyed knowledge, practice, and attitudes (KAP) of N=959 youth 13-18 years of age in South Sulawesi, Indonesia and assessed how age, sex, familial smoking status, friend group smoking status, teacher smoking status, parental education, parental employment, exposure to tobacco-related advertisements, access to internet-connecting technological devices (INT-D) and television, and monthly pocket money were associated with youths' perceptions of tobacco users and smoking, knowledge of tobacco health risks, and smoking status. This study also examined how urban or rural environment and schooling-access or lack of access to formal education-shaped youths' decisions to smoke cigarettes and influenced their perceptions and knowledge of health risks. In this study, sex, age, schooling and environment, paternal education, pocket money, and friend group smoking status had significant effects on youths' decisions to smoke. After adjusting for covariates, female youth were less likely to smoke than male youth, rural island youth and those from street children communities enrolled in alternative education were less likely to smoke than those from urban communities enrolled in formal education, those who reported some, most or all of their friends smoked were more likely to smoke than those who indicate that none of their friends smoked, those whose fathers had higher education were less likely to smoke than those whose fathers had only completed high school or less, and for every increase in 100,000Rp (Indonesian Rupiah) of monthly pocket money, youth were more likely to smoke. Considering that more than 225,000 Indonesians die each year from cigarette-related illnesses (14.7% of all deaths) and that the percentage of adult smokers in Indonesia is among the highest in the world at over 61.4 million, understanding the motivations that encourage youth to smoke and recording their perceptions of tobacco risk are vitally important to develop prevention programming. Research Questions: What are the motivations for smoking, perceptions of cigarette use, and knowledge about associated health risks of cigarette use among Indonesian teenagers (13-18 years in age) in South Sulawesi, Indonesia? Is there a relationship between school enrollment or access to technology and smoking perception and cigarette use among these Indonesian youth? Research Methodology: Quantitative knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) surveying in urban schools in Makassar and in alternative school environmental (unenrolled populations in rural island communities and in urban street children communities) among youth 13-18 years in age. v Acknowledgements.
This thesis argues that the gamelan has played a central role in creating a Western musical cultu... more This thesis argues that the gamelan has played a central role in creating a Western musical culture that seeks hybridity with non-Western musics as a means of creating novel soundscapes. I aim to augment the existing corpus of research concerning the influence of the Balinese and Javanese gamelan on contemporary Western art music and on the development of musical modernism, highlighting how hybrid aesthetics have come to not only influence but ultimately define many modern soundscapes. Composers whose works were influenced by the gamelan, such as Debussy, Bartók, Partch, Britten, and others, heralded the advent of modernism and signaled the end of the Common Practice era, emerging stylistically from beneath the shadow of Romanticism. And the influence of the gamelan on Western music is still evident today: its impact is palpable in the minimalist writing of composer Philip Glass, the intricate percussion compositions by set-theorist Iannis Xenakis, and in a variety of new-age ambient, punk, and electronica albums. Thus, this thesis provides a broad-based analysis of the widespread impact the gamelan has had and continues to have on composers, specifically highlighting the movements of Impressionism and Minimalism by analyzing pieces by Claude Debussy and Steve Reich, among others. Global interest in the genre known as “world music” has further popularized the gamelan sound, yet the rich local history and syncretic religious practices associated with this musical lineage remain largely unknown outside academic circles. And even within academic circles the relevance of the gamelan is often questioned. Thus, the significance of this project is multifaceted: it will serve to inform about the impact that Balinese and Javanese gamelan traditions have had on the stylistic development of contemporary Western music, on the establishment of the field of applied ethnomusicology, and on the creation and popularization of the world music genre and its offshoots among global audiences, and will establish an archive of gamelan karawitan (traditional repertoire). Furthermore, this thesis will draw on a wide array of interdisciplinary research, citing anthropologists, ethnographers, historians, ethnomusicologists and musicians, and will record cross-cultural perspectives, discussing themes of appropriation, historical practice, and notions of musical change and development.
Routledge eBooks, Apr 27, 2022
Journal of General Internal Medicine, 2022
BACKGROUND: Broad consensus supports the use of primary care to address unmet need for mental hea... more BACKGROUND: Broad consensus supports the use of primary care to address unmet need for mental health treatment. OBJECTIVE: To better understand whether primary care filled the gap when individuals were unable to access specialty mental health care. DESIGN: 2018 mixed methods study with a national US internet survey (completion rate 66%) and follow-up interviews. PARTICIPANTS: Privately insured English-speaking adults ages 18-64 reporting serious psychological distress that used an outpatient mental health provider in the last year or attempted to use a mental health provider but did not ultimately use specialty services (N = 428). Follow-up interviews were conducted with 30 survey respondents. MAIN MEASURES: Whether survey respondents obtained mental health care from their primary care provider (PCP), and if so, the rating of that care on a 1 to 10 scale, with ratings of 9 or 10 considered highly rated. Interviews explored patient-reported barriers and facilitators to engagement and satisfaction with care provided by PCPs. KEY RESULTS: Of the 22% that reported they tried to but did not access specialty mental health care, 53% reported receiving mental health care from a PCP. Respondents receiving care only from their PCP were less likely to rate their PCP care highly (21% versus 48%; p = 0.01). Interviewees reported experiences with PCP-provided mental health care related to three major themes: PCP engagement, relationship with the PCP, and PCP role. CONCLUSIONS: Primary care is partially filling the gap for mental health treatment when specialty care is not available. Patient experiences reinforce the need for screening and follow-up in primary care, clinician training, and referral to a trusted specialty consultant when needed.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2021
Group care models, in which patients with similar health conditions receive medical services in a... more Group care models, in which patients with similar health conditions receive medical services in a shared appointment, have increasingly been adopted in a variety of health care settings. Applying the Triple Aim framework, we examined the potential of group medical care to optimize health system performance through improved patient experience, better health outcomes, and the reduced cost of health care. A systematic review of English language articles was conducted using the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register (CENTRAL), MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, and Embase. Studies based on data from randomized control trials (RCTs) conducted in the US and analyzed using an intent-to-treat approach to test the effect of group visits versus standard individual care on at least one Triple Aim domain were included. Thirty-one studies met the inclusion criteria. These studies focused on pregnancy (n = 9), diabetes (n = 15), and other chronic health conditions (n = 7). Compared with individual care, group ...
The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine, 2019
The need for improved clinical education surrounding the way difficult news is delivered and how ... more The need for improved clinical education surrounding the way difficult news is delivered and how to initiate end-of-life (EOL) discussions with seriously ill patients and their families is essential. Physicians and medical students often report feeling unprepared or uncomfortable with broaching the topic of death with their patients and families [1]. Early and honest conversations with patients concerning diagnoses and advance directives help patients and their families make well-informed decisions regarding future medical care, minimize pain and fears, and allow patients to experience a “peaceful death [1].” Moreover, end-of-life conversations frequently focus on resuscitation plans (advance directives), but should be broadened to include patients’ psychosocial, physical, and economic concerns. Transparent, realistic, and sensitive end-of-life conversations can help patients maintain autonomy and dignity in the dying process and increase their quality of life as they near death. Ad...
Background One in three children in the United States is currently classified as overweight or ob... more Background One in three children in the United States is currently classified as overweight or obese, and this prevalence increases as age rises. 1 Obesity varies by racial, environmental, ethnic, genetic, and socioeconomic factors. 1 Childhood obesity is more prevalent among African Americans, American Indians, and Mexican-Americans than in Whites, as well as in lower income families. 1 2 3 Connecticut has one of the lowest obesity rates of children ages 10-17 in the nation (~11.9%). 4 Norwalk's childhood obesity rate, assessed through school BMI data at kindergarten, 3 rd , 6 th and 9 th grade, is well above this mark at 22% 5. This project reflects a partnership between the Norwalk Health Department and Norwalk Public Schools to create a report on childhood obesity in Norwalk schools stratified by age, gender, race, and free and reduced-price lunch eligibility. Objectives 1) Identify areas for improvement that could be addressed by the Norwalk Health Department and/or the Norwalk Public School System. 2) Analyze BMI data to determine if disparities in obesity prevalence in Norwalk Public Schools exist by demographic characteristics and understand how trends in obesity prevalence have changed over time.
This observational study surveyed knowledge, practice, and attitudes (KAP) of N=959 youth 13-18 y... more This observational study surveyed knowledge, practice, and attitudes (KAP) of N=959 youth 13-18 years of age in South Sulawesi, Indonesia and assessed how age, sex, familial smoking status, friend group smoking status, teacher smoking status, parental education, parental employment, exposure to tobacco-related advertisements, access to internet-connecting technological devices (INT-D) and television, and monthly pocket money were associated with youths' perceptions of tobacco users and smoking, knowledge of tobacco health risks, and smoking status. This study also examined how urban or rural environment and schooling-access or lack of access to formal education-shaped youths' decisions to smoke cigarettes and influenced their perceptions and knowledge of health risks. In this study, sex, age, schooling and environment, paternal education, pocket money, and friend group smoking status had significant effects on youths' decisions to smoke. After adjusting for covariates, female youth were less likely to smoke than male youth, rural island youth and those from street children communities enrolled in alternative education were less likely to smoke than those from urban communities enrolled in formal education, those who reported some, most or all of their friends smoked were more likely to smoke than those who indicate that none of their friends smoked, those whose fathers had higher education were less likely to smoke than those whose fathers had only completed high school or less, and for every increase in 100,000Rp (Indonesian Rupiah) of monthly pocket money, youth were more likely to smoke. Considering that more than 225,000 Indonesians die each year from cigarette-related illnesses (14.7% of all deaths) and that the percentage of adult smokers in Indonesia is among the highest in the world at over 61.4 million, understanding the motivations that encourage youth to smoke and recording their perceptions of tobacco risk are vitally important to develop prevention programming. Research Questions: What are the motivations for smoking, perceptions of cigarette use, and knowledge about associated health risks of cigarette use among Indonesian teenagers (13-18 years in age) in South Sulawesi, Indonesia? Is there a relationship between school enrollment or access to technology and smoking perception and cigarette use among these Indonesian youth? Research Methodology: Quantitative knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) surveying in urban schools in Makassar and in alternative school environmental (unenrolled populations in rural island communities and in urban street children communities) among youth 13-18 years in age. v Acknowledgements.