IOANNIS SYROS | National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (original) (raw)

Papers by IOANNIS SYROS

Research paper thumbnail of Navigating young minds: reliability and validity of the Greek version of kiddie – schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia – present and lifetime DSM-5 version (K-SADS-PL-GR-5)

BMC Psychiatry, Aug 21, 2023

Background The Kiddie-Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-Present and Lifetime Ver... more Background The Kiddie-Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL) is one of the most popular semi-structured psychiatric interviews for children and adolescents. Its latest DSM-5 version (K-SADS-PL DSM-5) has only recently been adapted and validated in various languages. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the reliability and validity of the Greek version of the K-SADS-PL DSM-5. Methods A total of 137 patients consecutively referred for admission, aged 7-17, were included. The K-SADS-PL DSM-IV was translated and adapted to correspond to DSM-5 categories. Convergent and divergent validity were assessed against two self-report rating scales, Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) and Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED). Inter-rater reliability was calculated exclusively for instances where a diagnosis involved three or more patients. Results Our findings revealed good to excellent inter-rater reliability and good to excellent consensual validity across most psychiatric diagnoses, except for panic disorder. Diagnostic efficiency, measured by sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, consistently showed high specificity and negative predictive validity across all diagnostic categories. Conclusions These findings support the applicability of the Greek version of the K-SADS-PL DSM-5 as a reliable and valid diagnostic tool in Greek-speaking populations.

Research paper thumbnail of Cognitive behavioral therapy for the treatment of PTSD

European Journal of Psychotraumatology, Jul 27, 2017

Background: A variety of therapeutic approaches have been implemented to treat posttraumatic stre... more Background: A variety of therapeutic approaches have been implemented to treat posttraumatic stress symptoms and concomitant difficulties. Those interventions focusing on trauma are considered first-line treatment for children and adolescents. Trauma Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT, Cohen, Mannarino & Deblinger, 2006), and a similar type of group CONTACT Ioannis Syros

Research paper thumbnail of Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT), Cognitive Behavioral Intervention on Trauma in Schools (CBITS), and Other Promising Practices in the Treatment of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Children and Adolescents: Evidence Evaluation

OBM neurobiology, Nov 15, 2022

PTSD is a serious mental health condition with a lifetime prevalence of 1% to 14% in the general ... more PTSD is a serious mental health condition with a lifetime prevalence of 1% to 14% in the general population. Several studies have evaluated evidence-based treatment approaches for children and adolescents. Interventions focusing on trauma are considered first-line treatments. Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) and a similar type of group intervention, the Cognitive Behavioral Intervention on Trauma in Schools (CBITS), have received the most empirical support from randomized controlled trials. Moreover, several other promising therapeutic CBT protocols are in the process of being applied and evaluated. This literature review highlights the common elements of CBT approaches for treating PTSD in children and adolescents, provides a detailed review of the therapeutic ingredients of TF

Research paper thumbnail of Depression and alterations of seroid hormones and lipidemic factors: study of their relationship in adolescence and childhood

Aims and Scope: Studies on possible association of lipid and steroid hormone levels and depressiv... more Aims and Scope: Studies on possible association of lipid and steroid hormone levels and depressive disorders are contradictory. In addition, little research has been done to find a particular lipid and hormonal profile in relation to the presence of specific symptoms of clinical depression, the severity of depressive symptomatology, and the functionality of young patients. This cross sectional study aims to provide further information about the association between depression, lipids and steroid hormones in a sample of otherwise healthy depressed children and adolescents. In addition, care was taken to record the daily variation of cortisol in relation to the presence or not of depression in the study youngsters.Methods: Ninety-eight adolescents with wide diagnosis of depression and healthy controls were individually matched at a 1:1 ratio on the basis of age and gender. Participants of two groups did not differ significantly with respect to the body mass index z-score. They underwen...

Research paper thumbnail of Biological links between Depression and Lipids: A special focus on Serotonin Function, Inflammatory System and Stress Hormones

Research paper thumbnail of Disentangling the associations between past childhood adversity and psychopathology during the COVID-19 pandemic: The mediating roles of specific pandemic stressors and coping strategies

Child Abuse & Neglect

Research paper thumbnail of Depressive Symptoms do not Affect Lipids and Haemostasis throughout the Menstrual Cycle in Apparently Healthy Young Women

Background: According to evidence, association between lipids, haemostatis, depressive symptoms a... more Background: According to evidence, association between lipids, haemostatis, depressive symptoms and hostility is cloudy. In order to examine these relations in depth, menstrual cycle could serve as a natural model.Objective: In the present study, we examined the association between lipids, haemostasis, symptoms of hostility and depression at 3 phases of the menstrual cycle in 59 healthy young women (23.0 ± 2.8 mean age ± SD).Methods: Blood was drawn at follicular (FL), mid luteal (ML) and late luteal (LL) phase. At each visit, students completed the Zung Depression and Hostility and Direction of Hostility scales; following variables were measured: a) Total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, VLDL-cholesterol, Triglycerides b) PT, APTT, AT III, Proteins C and S, Plasminogen and Fibrinogen. Pearson´s and Spearman s rank correlation were used to determine the relation between variables. P<0.05 was considered significant.Results: Data indicate that hormonal changes during ...

Research paper thumbnail of Variations of Sex Hormones across the Menstrual Cycle: Correlations to Depressive Symptoms, Hostility, Lipidemic and Haemostatic Factors

Background: Exogenous sex hormones affect lipid metabolism and haemostasis, as well as psychologi... more Background: Exogenous sex hormones affect lipid metabolism and haemostasis, as well as psychological aspects of the personality but the information on the interrelationships regarding the endogenous hormones is limited.Objective: In the present study we examined the association between sex hormones, lipidemic profile, haemostatic activity, and symptoms of hostility and depression at 3 phases of the menstrual cycle in 59 healthy young women (22.95 ± 2.83 mean age ± SD).Methods: Blood was drawn at follicular (FL), mid luteal (ML) and late luteal (LL) phase. At each visit, students completed the Zung Depression Scale and the Hostility and Direction of Hostility, and following variables were measured: a) Estradiol (E2), Testosterone (T), Free Testosterone (FT), Δ4–Androstenedione (Δ4 -A), b) Total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides c) PT and APTT, AT III, Proteins C and S, Plasminogen and Fibrinogen. Pearson´s and Spearmans rank correlation were used to determi...

Research paper thumbnail of Κατάθλιψη και μεταβολές σε στεροειδείς ορμόνες και λιπιδαιμικούς παράγοντες

Σκοποί και Στόχοι: Μελέτες που εστιάζουν στη συσχέτιση των επιπέδων λιπιδίων και στεροειδών ορμον... more Σκοποί και Στόχοι: Μελέτες που εστιάζουν στη συσχέτιση των επιπέδων λιπιδίων και στεροειδών ορμονών και καταθλιπτικών συνδρόμων διαπιστώνουν αντιφατικά ευρήματα. Ελάχιστες έρευνες έχουν λάβει χώρα όσον αφορά την εξεύρεση ενός ιδιαίτερου λιπιδικού και ορμονικού προφίλ σε σχέση με την παρουσία συγκεκριμένων συμπτωμάτων κλινικής κατάθλιψης, την βαρύτητα της καταθλιπτικής συμπτωματολογίας, καθώς και σε σχέση με την λειτουργικότητα των νέων ασθενών. Η συγχρονική αυτή εργασία στοχεύει στην παροχή περαιτέρω πληροφοριών σχετικά με τη σύνδεση της κατάθλιψης, με τα λιπίδια και τις στεροειδείς ορμόνες σε δείγμα κατά τα άλλα υγιών καταθλιπτικών εφήβων. Μέθοδος: Ενενήντα οκτώ έφηβοι με ευρύ φάσμα διαγνωστικών υποτύπων κατάθλιψης και υγιείς μάρτυρες εξομοιώθηκαν σε αναλογία 1:1 με βάση την ηλικία και το φύλο. Οι συμμετέχοντες των δύο ομάδων δεν διέφεραν σημαντικά όσον αφορά το βαθμό z του Δείκτη Μάζας Σώματος. Υποβλήθηκαν σε πρωινή αιμοληψία για την μέτρηση των παρακάτω μεταβλητών: Τριγλυκερίδια ...

Research paper thumbnail of Contribution of extramural psychiatric care units in the treatment of psychosis in rural population

European Psychiatry, 2007

Background and aims: Evidence shows that the hospital-based character of psychiatric services has... more Background and aims: Evidence shows that the hospital-based character of psychiatric services has a negative impact on the personal and social life of the psychotic patients. This situation is worse in rural areas where the Psychiatric Care facilities are fewer. In a 5-year study we investigate the therapeutic role of the Ambulatory Mobile Care Unit in the provinces of Fokida and Evros. Methods: 45 patients, aged between 17-67, diagnosed with psychosis (schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, delusional states, bipolar disorder etc.) were studied. Most of them were unemployed (56%), living with their parents, and belonged to the lower or middle class. An experienced psychiatrist-supervisor, other psychiatrists, trainees, psychologists, social workers and nurses were part of the intervention team that helped the patients in different stages of the disease (acute state, stable condition). Results: The intervention of the Mobile Care Ambulatory Unit resulted in: a) Increase in the Employment Rate of the Patients (more than half of the patients has been employed in the end of the intervention)b) Improvement in social abilities (more than 4/5 of the patients had improved relations with the local community c) Leisure time activities: acquisition of new hobbies in more than 2/3 of the patients d) Insight: most of the patients came in terms with their disease e) Nevertheless, very few of them managed to form their own family. Conclusion: The mobile unit intervention has had a significant effect in most aspects of the life of the psychotic patients.

Research paper thumbnail of Innovative Strategies and Challenges for the Prevention of Pathological Anxiety in Children and Adolescents

OBM Neurobiology

The effects of pathological anxiety on public health have led to the realization that anxious chi... more The effects of pathological anxiety on public health have led to the realization that anxious children might experience significant limitations in their lives. Evidence-based cognitive-behavioral (CB) interventions are now being implemented in schools at a group level to combat anxiety.Childhood emotional health should be considered a national and global priority for an effective strategy promoting the prevention of mental health. The aim of this study is the description of novel data on the effectiveness of preventive interventions for anxious children, as well as the study of selective parameters that appear to affect treatment outcome.Furthermore, a brief review is cited regarding two empirically supported interventions, which include the Friends and Pyramid Club program and the Super Skills for Life program. Schools are considered suitable places for all types of prevention programs; they provide a familiar environment to a child, and by providing access to the prevention progra...

Research paper thumbnail of Increased Diurnal Salivary Cortisol and Morning Serum Triglycerides and Decreased Apo A1 Concentrations in Children and Adolescents with Clinical Depression

OBM Neurobiology, 2020

Data available on possible associations of lipids, steroid levels, and depression are conflicting... more Data available on possible associations of lipids, steroid levels, and depression are conflicting. This study investigated their possible associations in a sample of youth with depression. Ninety-eight youth with depression and individually matched healthy volunteers on the basis of age and sex were enrolled for the study. The two groups had nearly similar body mass index. After fasting overnight, they underwent blood sampling for triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, apolipoprotein A1 (apo A1) and B (apo B), lipoprotein A (LpA), morning cortisol, total testosterone (TT), estradiol (E2), and DHEAS measurements. All participants were evaluated with the semi-structured psychiatric K-SADS-PL interview and filled out the self-rating Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI). Salivary cortisol was also determined serially five times a day. Children with depression showed significantly higher levels of plasma TG (p = 0.006), lower apolipoprotein A1 (p = 0.043), higher morning cortisol (p = 0.011) and TT (p = 0.001), as well as lower E2 levels (p = 0.032) compared to those of controls. Positive correlations for the total sample was observed between TG (R = 0.24, p = 0.018), TT (R = 0.35, p <0.001), and morning cortisol (R = 0.29, p = 0.005) with the CDI scores. The depression group showed elevated cortisol levels 30 min after awakening, 15:00, 18:00, 21:00, and increased cortisol awakening Response and Area Under the Curve (AUCg) (p = 0.030, p = 0.007, respectively) compared to those of controls. Higher cortisol and TG levels in children with depression imply an increased metabolic risk, starting early in development; therefore, routine metabolic assessment in this group is of great importance.

Research paper thumbnail of Navigating young minds: reliability and validity of the Greek version of kiddie – schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia – present and lifetime DSM-5 version (K-SADS-PL-GR-5)

BMC Psychiatry, Aug 21, 2023

Background The Kiddie-Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-Present and Lifetime Ver... more Background The Kiddie-Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL) is one of the most popular semi-structured psychiatric interviews for children and adolescents. Its latest DSM-5 version (K-SADS-PL DSM-5) has only recently been adapted and validated in various languages. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the reliability and validity of the Greek version of the K-SADS-PL DSM-5. Methods A total of 137 patients consecutively referred for admission, aged 7-17, were included. The K-SADS-PL DSM-IV was translated and adapted to correspond to DSM-5 categories. Convergent and divergent validity were assessed against two self-report rating scales, Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) and Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED). Inter-rater reliability was calculated exclusively for instances where a diagnosis involved three or more patients. Results Our findings revealed good to excellent inter-rater reliability and good to excellent consensual validity across most psychiatric diagnoses, except for panic disorder. Diagnostic efficiency, measured by sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, consistently showed high specificity and negative predictive validity across all diagnostic categories. Conclusions These findings support the applicability of the Greek version of the K-SADS-PL DSM-5 as a reliable and valid diagnostic tool in Greek-speaking populations.

Research paper thumbnail of Cognitive behavioral therapy for the treatment of PTSD

European Journal of Psychotraumatology, Jul 27, 2017

Background: A variety of therapeutic approaches have been implemented to treat posttraumatic stre... more Background: A variety of therapeutic approaches have been implemented to treat posttraumatic stress symptoms and concomitant difficulties. Those interventions focusing on trauma are considered first-line treatment for children and adolescents. Trauma Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT, Cohen, Mannarino & Deblinger, 2006), and a similar type of group CONTACT Ioannis Syros

Research paper thumbnail of Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT), Cognitive Behavioral Intervention on Trauma in Schools (CBITS), and Other Promising Practices in the Treatment of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Children and Adolescents: Evidence Evaluation

OBM neurobiology, Nov 15, 2022

PTSD is a serious mental health condition with a lifetime prevalence of 1% to 14% in the general ... more PTSD is a serious mental health condition with a lifetime prevalence of 1% to 14% in the general population. Several studies have evaluated evidence-based treatment approaches for children and adolescents. Interventions focusing on trauma are considered first-line treatments. Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) and a similar type of group intervention, the Cognitive Behavioral Intervention on Trauma in Schools (CBITS), have received the most empirical support from randomized controlled trials. Moreover, several other promising therapeutic CBT protocols are in the process of being applied and evaluated. This literature review highlights the common elements of CBT approaches for treating PTSD in children and adolescents, provides a detailed review of the therapeutic ingredients of TF

Research paper thumbnail of Depression and alterations of seroid hormones and lipidemic factors: study of their relationship in adolescence and childhood

Aims and Scope: Studies on possible association of lipid and steroid hormone levels and depressiv... more Aims and Scope: Studies on possible association of lipid and steroid hormone levels and depressive disorders are contradictory. In addition, little research has been done to find a particular lipid and hormonal profile in relation to the presence of specific symptoms of clinical depression, the severity of depressive symptomatology, and the functionality of young patients. This cross sectional study aims to provide further information about the association between depression, lipids and steroid hormones in a sample of otherwise healthy depressed children and adolescents. In addition, care was taken to record the daily variation of cortisol in relation to the presence or not of depression in the study youngsters.Methods: Ninety-eight adolescents with wide diagnosis of depression and healthy controls were individually matched at a 1:1 ratio on the basis of age and gender. Participants of two groups did not differ significantly with respect to the body mass index z-score. They underwen...

Research paper thumbnail of Biological links between Depression and Lipids: A special focus on Serotonin Function, Inflammatory System and Stress Hormones

Research paper thumbnail of Disentangling the associations between past childhood adversity and psychopathology during the COVID-19 pandemic: The mediating roles of specific pandemic stressors and coping strategies

Child Abuse & Neglect

Research paper thumbnail of Depressive Symptoms do not Affect Lipids and Haemostasis throughout the Menstrual Cycle in Apparently Healthy Young Women

Background: According to evidence, association between lipids, haemostatis, depressive symptoms a... more Background: According to evidence, association between lipids, haemostatis, depressive symptoms and hostility is cloudy. In order to examine these relations in depth, menstrual cycle could serve as a natural model.Objective: In the present study, we examined the association between lipids, haemostasis, symptoms of hostility and depression at 3 phases of the menstrual cycle in 59 healthy young women (23.0 ± 2.8 mean age ± SD).Methods: Blood was drawn at follicular (FL), mid luteal (ML) and late luteal (LL) phase. At each visit, students completed the Zung Depression and Hostility and Direction of Hostility scales; following variables were measured: a) Total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, VLDL-cholesterol, Triglycerides b) PT, APTT, AT III, Proteins C and S, Plasminogen and Fibrinogen. Pearson´s and Spearman s rank correlation were used to determine the relation between variables. P<0.05 was considered significant.Results: Data indicate that hormonal changes during ...

Research paper thumbnail of Variations of Sex Hormones across the Menstrual Cycle: Correlations to Depressive Symptoms, Hostility, Lipidemic and Haemostatic Factors

Background: Exogenous sex hormones affect lipid metabolism and haemostasis, as well as psychologi... more Background: Exogenous sex hormones affect lipid metabolism and haemostasis, as well as psychological aspects of the personality but the information on the interrelationships regarding the endogenous hormones is limited.Objective: In the present study we examined the association between sex hormones, lipidemic profile, haemostatic activity, and symptoms of hostility and depression at 3 phases of the menstrual cycle in 59 healthy young women (22.95 ± 2.83 mean age ± SD).Methods: Blood was drawn at follicular (FL), mid luteal (ML) and late luteal (LL) phase. At each visit, students completed the Zung Depression Scale and the Hostility and Direction of Hostility, and following variables were measured: a) Estradiol (E2), Testosterone (T), Free Testosterone (FT), Δ4–Androstenedione (Δ4 -A), b) Total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides c) PT and APTT, AT III, Proteins C and S, Plasminogen and Fibrinogen. Pearson´s and Spearmans rank correlation were used to determi...

Research paper thumbnail of Κατάθλιψη και μεταβολές σε στεροειδείς ορμόνες και λιπιδαιμικούς παράγοντες

Σκοποί και Στόχοι: Μελέτες που εστιάζουν στη συσχέτιση των επιπέδων λιπιδίων και στεροειδών ορμον... more Σκοποί και Στόχοι: Μελέτες που εστιάζουν στη συσχέτιση των επιπέδων λιπιδίων και στεροειδών ορμονών και καταθλιπτικών συνδρόμων διαπιστώνουν αντιφατικά ευρήματα. Ελάχιστες έρευνες έχουν λάβει χώρα όσον αφορά την εξεύρεση ενός ιδιαίτερου λιπιδικού και ορμονικού προφίλ σε σχέση με την παρουσία συγκεκριμένων συμπτωμάτων κλινικής κατάθλιψης, την βαρύτητα της καταθλιπτικής συμπτωματολογίας, καθώς και σε σχέση με την λειτουργικότητα των νέων ασθενών. Η συγχρονική αυτή εργασία στοχεύει στην παροχή περαιτέρω πληροφοριών σχετικά με τη σύνδεση της κατάθλιψης, με τα λιπίδια και τις στεροειδείς ορμόνες σε δείγμα κατά τα άλλα υγιών καταθλιπτικών εφήβων. Μέθοδος: Ενενήντα οκτώ έφηβοι με ευρύ φάσμα διαγνωστικών υποτύπων κατάθλιψης και υγιείς μάρτυρες εξομοιώθηκαν σε αναλογία 1:1 με βάση την ηλικία και το φύλο. Οι συμμετέχοντες των δύο ομάδων δεν διέφεραν σημαντικά όσον αφορά το βαθμό z του Δείκτη Μάζας Σώματος. Υποβλήθηκαν σε πρωινή αιμοληψία για την μέτρηση των παρακάτω μεταβλητών: Τριγλυκερίδια ...

Research paper thumbnail of Contribution of extramural psychiatric care units in the treatment of psychosis in rural population

European Psychiatry, 2007

Background and aims: Evidence shows that the hospital-based character of psychiatric services has... more Background and aims: Evidence shows that the hospital-based character of psychiatric services has a negative impact on the personal and social life of the psychotic patients. This situation is worse in rural areas where the Psychiatric Care facilities are fewer. In a 5-year study we investigate the therapeutic role of the Ambulatory Mobile Care Unit in the provinces of Fokida and Evros. Methods: 45 patients, aged between 17-67, diagnosed with psychosis (schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, delusional states, bipolar disorder etc.) were studied. Most of them were unemployed (56%), living with their parents, and belonged to the lower or middle class. An experienced psychiatrist-supervisor, other psychiatrists, trainees, psychologists, social workers and nurses were part of the intervention team that helped the patients in different stages of the disease (acute state, stable condition). Results: The intervention of the Mobile Care Ambulatory Unit resulted in: a) Increase in the Employment Rate of the Patients (more than half of the patients has been employed in the end of the intervention)b) Improvement in social abilities (more than 4/5 of the patients had improved relations with the local community c) Leisure time activities: acquisition of new hobbies in more than 2/3 of the patients d) Insight: most of the patients came in terms with their disease e) Nevertheless, very few of them managed to form their own family. Conclusion: The mobile unit intervention has had a significant effect in most aspects of the life of the psychotic patients.

Research paper thumbnail of Innovative Strategies and Challenges for the Prevention of Pathological Anxiety in Children and Adolescents

OBM Neurobiology

The effects of pathological anxiety on public health have led to the realization that anxious chi... more The effects of pathological anxiety on public health have led to the realization that anxious children might experience significant limitations in their lives. Evidence-based cognitive-behavioral (CB) interventions are now being implemented in schools at a group level to combat anxiety.Childhood emotional health should be considered a national and global priority for an effective strategy promoting the prevention of mental health. The aim of this study is the description of novel data on the effectiveness of preventive interventions for anxious children, as well as the study of selective parameters that appear to affect treatment outcome.Furthermore, a brief review is cited regarding two empirically supported interventions, which include the Friends and Pyramid Club program and the Super Skills for Life program. Schools are considered suitable places for all types of prevention programs; they provide a familiar environment to a child, and by providing access to the prevention progra...

Research paper thumbnail of Increased Diurnal Salivary Cortisol and Morning Serum Triglycerides and Decreased Apo A1 Concentrations in Children and Adolescents with Clinical Depression

OBM Neurobiology, 2020

Data available on possible associations of lipids, steroid levels, and depression are conflicting... more Data available on possible associations of lipids, steroid levels, and depression are conflicting. This study investigated their possible associations in a sample of youth with depression. Ninety-eight youth with depression and individually matched healthy volunteers on the basis of age and sex were enrolled for the study. The two groups had nearly similar body mass index. After fasting overnight, they underwent blood sampling for triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, apolipoprotein A1 (apo A1) and B (apo B), lipoprotein A (LpA), morning cortisol, total testosterone (TT), estradiol (E2), and DHEAS measurements. All participants were evaluated with the semi-structured psychiatric K-SADS-PL interview and filled out the self-rating Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI). Salivary cortisol was also determined serially five times a day. Children with depression showed significantly higher levels of plasma TG (p = 0.006), lower apolipoprotein A1 (p = 0.043), higher morning cortisol (p = 0.011) and TT (p = 0.001), as well as lower E2 levels (p = 0.032) compared to those of controls. Positive correlations for the total sample was observed between TG (R = 0.24, p = 0.018), TT (R = 0.35, p <0.001), and morning cortisol (R = 0.29, p = 0.005) with the CDI scores. The depression group showed elevated cortisol levels 30 min after awakening, 15:00, 18:00, 21:00, and increased cortisol awakening Response and Area Under the Curve (AUCg) (p = 0.030, p = 0.007, respectively) compared to those of controls. Higher cortisol and TG levels in children with depression imply an increased metabolic risk, starting early in development; therefore, routine metabolic assessment in this group is of great importance.