Aklanon language (original) (raw)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Bisayan language spoken in the Philippines

Akeanon
Aklan
Akeanon Inakeanon
Native to	Philippines
Region	Aklan, northwestern Capiz, northern Antique, and southern Romblon
Ethnicity	Aklanon
Native speakers	560,000 (2010)[1][_needs update_]
Language family	Austronesian Malayo-PolynesianPhilippineCentral PhilippineBisayanWestern BisayanAkeanon
Dialects	Aklanon, Malaynon
Writing system	Latin;Historically Baybayin
Official status
Official language in	Regional language in the Philippines
Regulated by	Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino
Language codes
ISO 639-3	Either:akl – Aklanon [2]mlz – Malaynon
Glottolog	akla1240 Aklanon
Area where Aklanon is spoken

Aklanon, also known as Akeanon or Inakeanon, is an Austronesian language of the Bisayan subgroup spoken by the Aklanon people, the locals of the province of Aklan on the island of Panay in the Philippines. Its unique feature among other Bisayan languages is the close-mid back unrounded vowel [ɤ] occurring as part of diphthongs and traditionally written with the letter ⟨Ee⟩ such as in the autonyms Akean and Akeanon. However, this phoneme is also present in other but geographically scattered and distant Philippine languages, namely Itbayat, Isneg, Manobo, Samal and Kankanaey.[3]

The Malaynon dialect is 93% lexically similar to Aklanon and has retained the "l" sounds, which elsewhere are often pronounced as "r".[4]

Aklanon has 21 phonemes. There are 17 consonants: p, t, k, b, d, g, m, n, ng, s, h, l, r, w, y, the glottal stop ʔ, and the voiced velar fricative ɣ. There are six vowels: the three native vowels i, a, and u, which are typical for a Bisayan vowel inventory, the additional e and o for loanwords and common nouns, and a distinct phoneme argued by Zorc (2005) to be a close-mid back unrounded vowel [ɤ].[3] The voiced velar fricative /ɣ/ was also analyzed by Rentillo and Pototanon (2022) as having a voiced velar approximant [ɰ] as an allophone.[5]

Table of vowel phonemes of Aklanon

| | Front | Central | Back | | | | ------------------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | Unrounded | Rounded | | | | | Close | i | | | u | | Mid | ɛ | | ɤ | o | | Open | | a ~ ɐ | | |

| | Labial | Dental | Alveolar | Palato- alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | | | -------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ | | Nasal | m | | n | | | ŋ | | | Stop | p b | t d | | | | k g | ʔ | | Affricate | | | (t͡s) (d͡z) | (t͡ʃ) (d͡ʒ) | | | | | Fricative | (f) (v) | | s (z) | (ʃ) | | ɣ | h | | Approximant | w | | l | | j | (ɰ) | | | Flap | | | ɾ ~ r | | | | |

/t͡ʃ, d͡ʒ/ from loanwords can also be heard as palatal stops [c, ɟ]. /l/ can also be heard as [ɫ] and can also alternate with [d].

Philippine national proverb

[edit]

Here is the Philippine national proverb in various languages.[6]

• Tagalog: Ang hindi marunong lumingon sa pinanggalingan ay hindi makararating sa paroroonan.
• Akeanon: Ro uwa' gatan-aw sa anang ginhalinan hay indi makaabut sa anang ginapaeangpan.
• Malaynon: Ang indi kausoy magbalikid sa anang hinalinan hay indi makaabut sa anang paayanan.
• Hiligaynon: Ang indi makahibalo magbalikid sang iya ginhalinan, indi makaabot sa iya padulungan.
• English: He who does not look back where he came from, will never reach his destination.

Note: All these poems were written by Melchor F. Cichon, an Aklanon poet.

• "Ambeth". Philippine Panorama, August 14, 1994.
• "Emergency Room". The Aklan Reporter, December 7, 1994, p. 10
• "Eva, Si Adan!" (Finalist Sa Unang Premyo Openiano A. Italia Competition, January 1993, Duenas, Iloilo)
• "Ham-at Madueom Ro Gabii Inay?" Philippine Panorama, March 27, 1994, p. 29. (First Aklanon poem published in the Philippine Panorama), also in The Aklan Reporter, April 6, 1994, p. 8.
• "Hin-uno Pa". The Aklan Reporter, February 23, 1994, p. 8. Also in Ani December 1993, p. 44
• "Inay". Philippine Collegian, October 4, 1973, p. 3 (First Aklanon poem in the Philippine Collegian)
• "Limog sa Idaeom". Ani December 1993, p. 48
• "Mamunit Ako Inay". The Aklan Reporter, December 28, 1994, p. 10
• "Manog-Uling". The Aklan Reporter July 29, 1992, p. 9. Also in Ani December 1993, p. 50
• "Owa't Kaso", Saeamat. Mantala 3:97 2000
• "Ro Bantay". The Aklan Reporter, September 6, 1995, p. 7
• "Competition", March 13, 1998, UPV Auditorium, Iloilo City
• "Sa Pilapil It Tangke". Ani December 1994, p. 46
• "Toto, Pumailaya Ka". Pagbutlak (First Aklanon in Pagbutlak)
• "Welga". Mantala 3:99 2000

1. ^ "2010 Census of Population and Housing, Report No. 2A - Demographic and Housing Characteristics (Non-Sample Variables)" (PDF). Retrieved 2022-05-02.
2. ^ "Documentation for ISO 639 identifier: akl". ISO 639-3 Registration Authority – SIL International. Retrieved 2017-07-06. Name: Aklanon
3. ^ a b Beato A. de la Cruz; R. David Paul Zorc (1968). A Study of the Aklanon Dialect. Volume 1: Grammar (PDF). Washington, DC: Peace Corps.
4. ^ "Malaynon, A language of the Philippines". Ethnologue. Archived from the original on 5 January 2008. Retrieved 2007-12-16.
5. ^ Rentillo, Philip; Pototanon, Ruchie Mark (2022). "A synchronic and historical look at Akeanon phonology". Acta Linguistica Asiatica. 12 (1). University of Ljubljana Press: 91–127. doi:10.4312/ala.12.1.91-127.
6. ^ "The Philippine National Proverb". Archived from the original on 11 December 2007. Retrieved 2007-12-16.

Wikivoyage has a phrasebook for Akeanon.

• Learning Aklanon
• Aklanon Wordlist at the Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database
• Aklanon proverbs