Help:IPA/Korean - Wikipedia (original) (raw)
Korean consonants
| IPA | Hangul | Example | English approximation | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hangul | RR | |||
| b[1] | ㅂ | 이불 | ibul | ball |
| β[2][3] | ㅎ (ㅸ) | 오후 | ohu | roughly like away |
| ç[4] | ㅎ | 힘, 흉내 | him, hyungnae | human |
| ɕ[5] | ㅅ | 시루 | siru | roughly like she |
| ɕ͈[5] | ㅆ ㅅ | 씨, 국수 | ssi, guksu | roughly like sure, tensed |
| d[1] | ㄷ | 민들레 | mindeulle | doll |
| dz[6] | ㅈ | 나중 | najung | beds |
| dʑ[1] | ㅈ [ㄷ이] | 아버지, 해돋이 | abeoji, haedoji | roughly like jeans |
| ɸ[3] | ㅎ [호] [후] | 활, 훗날 | hwal, hunnal | roughly like phew |
| ɡ[1] | ㄱ | 마개 | magae | gall |
| ɣ[2][7] | ㄱ | 아가 | aga | again, but without the tongue touching the roof of the mouth |
| h | ㅎ | 햇잎 | haennip | hall |
| ɦ[2] | ㅎ | 마흔 | maheun | RP behind |
| j | [ㅛ, ㅠ,ㅑ,ㅕ,ㅖ, ㅒ][8] | 여울 | yeoul | you |
| ʝ[2][4] | ㅎ | 감히 | gamhi | roughly like you |
| k | ㄱ | 구이 | gui | sky |
| k̚ | ㄱ ㅋ[9] | 바지락 | bajirak | lock |
| k͈ | ㄲ | 꿩, 젓갈 | kkwong, jeotgal | skin, tensed |
| kʰ | ㅋ [ㄱㅎ] [ㅎㄱ] | 코, 석회, 않기 | ko, seokhoe, angi | cup |
| ɭ | ㄹ [ㄴ][10] | 알, 신라 | al, Silla | hall |
| m | ㅁ [ㅂ][11] | 못, 압력 | mot, amnyeok | mall |
| n | ㄴ [ㄹ, ㄷ, ㅅ, ㅈ][12] | 누리 | nuri | not |
| ŋ | ㅇ(ㆁ) [ㄱ][13] | 가랑비, 먹물 | garangbi, meongmul | king |
| p | ㅂ | 바다 | bada | spa |
| p̚ | ㅂ ㅍ [14] | 부삽, 잎 | busap, ip | clip |
| p͈ | ㅃ ㅂ | 뿔, 먹보 | ppul, meokbo | spit, tensed |
| pʰ | ㅍ [ㅂㅎ] [ㅎㅂ] | 푸서리, 잡학 | puseori, japhak | paint |
| ɾ | ㄹ [ㄹㅇ] | 여드레, 얼음 | yeodeure, eoreum | Scottish great or American atom |
| sʰ | ㅅ | 수박 | subak | like see, but aspirated (with more breath) |
| s͈ | ㅆ | 쌀, 열쇠 | ssal, yeolsoe | saw, tensed |
| t | ㄷ | 돌 | dol | star |
| t̚ | ㄷ, ㅌ, ㅅ, ㅈ, ㅊ[15] | 곧, 뭍, 옷, 젖, 낯 | got, mut, ot, jeot, nat | let |
| t͈ | ㄸ ㄷ | 떡, 막대 | tteok, makdae | stall, tensed |
| tʰ | ㅌ [ㄷㅎ] [ㅎㄷ] | 구태여, 맞흥정, 닳다 | gutaeyeo, matheungjeong, dalda | tall |
| ts[6] | ㅈ | 측정 | cheukjeong | cats |
| ts͈[6] | ㅉ | 짤림 | jjallim | cats, tensed |
| tsʰ[6] | ㅊ [ㅈㅎ] [ㅎㅈ] | 참새 | chamsae | let's have |
| tɕ | ㅈ | 자투리 | jaturi | roughly like patch |
| tɕ͈ | ㅉ | 돌쩌귀, 꺽지 | doljjeogwi, kkeokji | roughly like patch, tensed |
| tɕʰ | ㅊ [ㄷ히] [ㅎㅈ] | 눈초리, 맞히다, 닳지 | nunchori, machida, dalji | roughly like cheek |
| w | [ㅙ, ㅞ][16] | 왜가리, 꿰맴질 | waegari, kkwemaemjil | wall |
| x[7] | ㅎ | 흙 | heuk | Scottish loch |
| z[17] | ㅿ (obsolete) | ᅀᅵᆫ간 | zingan | zebra |
| ʔ | ㆆ (obsolete) | ᅙᅵᆯ | qil | uh-oh |
Korean vowels and diphthongs[18]
| IPA | Hangul | Example | English approximation | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hangul | RR[19] | |||
| a | ㅏ | 하루 | haru | GA lost |
| aː | 밤 | bam | spa | |
| ɒ[17] | ㆍ | ᄌᆞ주 | jawju | yawn |
| ʌ | ㅓ | 거울 | geoul | Conservative up |
| əː | 어른 | eoreun | RP herd | |
| ɛ | ㅐ | 개구리 | gaeguri | bet |
| ɛː | 냇물 | naenmul | GA bed | |
| e | ㅔ | 메주 | meju | rate |
| eː | 게장 | gejang | raid | |
| i | ㅢ[20] | 흰색 | huinsaek | peak |
| ㅣ | 피 | pi | ||
| iː | 실타래 | siltarae | bead | |
| o | ㅗ | 오늘 | oneul | sort |
| oː | 모레 | more | sword | |
| ø | ㅚ[16] | 쇠뇌 | soenoe | wait |
| øː | 왼손 | oenson | weighed | |
| u | ㅜ | 우물 | umul | root |
| uː | 둘 | dul | rude | |
| ɯ | ㅡ | 버들 | beodeul | like goose for some speakers |
| ɯː | 그림 | geurim | like cool for some speakers | |
| ɰi | ㅢ[20] | 민주주의 | minjujuui | like we but unrounded (with relaxed lips) |
| y | ㅟ[16] | 귀엣말 | gwienmal | somewhat like sweet |
| yː | 쉰 | swin | somewhat like swede |
Korean suprasegmentals
| IPA | Description |
|---|---|
| ː | Geminated consonant[21] |
| ˈ | Primary stress (placed before the stressed syllable) |
| ˌ | Secondary stress (placed before the stressed syllable) |
| . | Syllable break |