Huizhou dialect (original) (raw)

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Dialect of Chinese spoken in Huizhou, Guangdong

For the group of dialects spoken in the historical region of Huīzhōu (徽州), see Huizhou Chinese.

The Huizhou dialect (simplified Chinese: 惠州话; traditional Chinese: 惠州話; pinyin: Huìzhōuhuà) is a Chinese dialect spoken in and around Huicheng District, the traditional urban centre of Huizhou, Guangdong.[2] The locals also call the dialect Bendihua (simplified Chinese: 本地话; traditional Chinese: 本地話; pinyin: Běndìhuà; lit. 'local speech') and distinguish it from the dialect spoken in Meixian and Danshui, Huiyang, which they call Hakka (simplified Chinese: 客家话; traditional Chinese: 客家話; pinyin: Kèjiāhuà).[2][3]

The classification of the Huizhou dialect is disputed because it shows characteristics of both Yue and Hakka. Most scholars classify the Huizhou dialect as a dialect of Hakka, but some scholars, most notably Liu Shuxin, consider it to be a dialect of Yue.[2]

The first edition of the Language Atlas of China puts it into its own subgroup under Hakka known as the Huizhou subgroup (惠州片; Huìzhōu piàn). In the second edition, it is still classified as a dialect of Hakka, but it is placed under the Mei–Hui cluster (梅惠小片; Méi-Huì xiǎopiàn) of the Yue–Tai subgroup (粤台片; 粵臺片; Yuè-Tái piàn).[5]

Liu Shuxin groups it together with other similar dialects spoken around the middle and upper reaches of the Dong River, including the Heyuan dialect, into the Hui–He branch (惠河系; Huì-Hé xì) of Yue.[6] Chang Song-hing and Zhuang Chusheng propose a similar grouping called the Hui–He subgroup (惠河片; Huì-Hé piàn), but they classify the group as Hakka.[7]

The Huizhou dialect has seven tones:[8]

1. ^ Also recorded as ˦ (44)[9][10] or ˥ (55).[11]
2. ^ Also recorded as ˩ (11)[12][10] or ˧ (33).[11]
3. ^ Also recorded as ˩˧ (13).[11][12][9][10]
4. ^ Also recorded as ˥˧ (53)[11] or ˨˩ (21).[12]
5. ^ Also recorded as ˨ (2),[12][10] ˩ (1)[11] or ˧ (3).[9]

Other than these seven tones, ˥ (55) appears in some grammatical particles.[13]

The Huizhou dialect has several aspectual markers that attach to the verb as suffixes:[14][15][16]

The Huizhou dialect has the following personal pronouns. The plural is formed by a tone change.[17]

| | Singular | Plural | | | ----------- | ---------- | --------- | | 1st person | 我 /ŋɔi˨˩˧/ | 我 /ŋɔi˧˥/ | | 2nd person | 你 /ni˨˩˧/ | 你 /ni˧˥/ | | 3rd person | 佢 /kʰy˨/ | 佢 /kʰy˧˥/ |

The Huizhou dialect has many cognates with Yue and/or Hakka (cognates with Huizhou are shaded in blue):[18]

1. ^ HZSHCQZ 2012, p. 113.
2. ^ a b c Hou 2017, p. 159.
3. ^ Huang 1987, p. 255.
4. ^ Xie & Huang 2012, p. 117.
5. ^ Liu 2007, p. 189.
6. ^ Chang & Zhuang 2008, p. 410.
7. ^ Liu 1991, pp. 14–15.
8. ^ a b c Hou 2008, p. 41.
9. ^ a b c d Yan 2009, pp. 2–3.
10. ^ a b c d e Huang 1987, p. 256.
11. ^ a b c d Liu 2007, p. 41.
12. ^ Liu 1991, p. 15.
13. ^ Liu 1991, pp. 228–229.
14. ^ Liu 1997, pp. 16–18.
15. ^ Chen 2010.
16. ^ Liu 1991, p. 227.
17. ^ Liu 1991, p. 219–224.

• Chang, Song-hing; Zhuang, Chusheng (2008). 廣東方言的地理格局與自然地理及歷史地理的關係 [Geographical Distribution of Guangdong Dialects: Their Linkage with Natural and Historical Geography] (PDF). Journal of Chinese Studies (in Chinese) (48): 407–422.
• Chen, Shu-huan (2010). 惠州方言的完成体助词“抛”和“□[ei⁵⁵]” [Auxiliaries of Perfect Aspect Pao and [ei⁵⁵] in Huizhou Dialect]. Journal of Huizhou University (in Chinese). 30 (4): 8–14.
• Hou, Xiaoying (2008). 东江中上游本地话研究 [_A Study of Bendihua in the Middle and Upper Reaches of Dongjiang Basin_] (PhD) (in Chinese). Xiamen University.
• Hou, Xiaoying (2017). 惠州话：粤色客底的粤化客方言 [Huizhou Dialect: a Hakka Dialect Greatly Influenced by Yue Dialect]. Academic Research (in Chinese) (7): 159–169.
• Huang, Xuezhen (1987). 惠州话的归属. Fangyan (in Chinese) (4): 255–263.
• Liu, Ruoyun (1991). 惠州方言志 [_Huizhou Dialect Gazetteer_] (in Chinese). Guangzhou: Guangdong Science & Technology Press. ISBN 7-5359-0658-3.
• Liu, Ruoyun (1997). 惠州方言的助词 [Particles in the Huizhou Dialect]. Sun Yatsen University Forum (in Chinese) (4): 15–22.
• Liu, Shuxin (2007). 东江中上游土语群研究——粤语惠河系探考 [_A Study of the Group of Vernaculars Spoken around the Middle and Upper Reaches of the Dong River—An Investigation of the Hui–He Branch of Yue_] (in Chinese). Beijing: China Society Publishing House. ISBN 978-7-5087-1716-6.
• Local Gazetteer Editorial Committee of Huicheng District, Huizhou City, ed. (2012). 惠州市惠城区志 [_Gazetteer of Huicheng District, Huizhou City_] (in Chinese). Guangzhou: Guangdong People's Publishing House. ISBN 978-7-218-08115-1.
• Xie, Liuwen; Huang, Xuezhen (2012). B1—17 客家话. 中国语言地图集 [_Language Atlas of China_] (in Chinese). Vol. 汉语方言卷 (2nd ed.). Beijing: Commercial Press. pp. 116–124. ISBN 978-7-100-07054-6.
• Yan, Xiuhong (2009). 河源惠州“本地话”语音概略（一） [A Summary of the Phonology of "Bendihua" in Heyuan and Huizhou] (PDF) (in Chinese).