Huntingdon (original) (raw)

Former county town of Huntingdonshire

Market town in England

Huntingdon
Market town
Huntingdon Town Hall and The Thinking Soldier War Memorial
Huntingdon is located in CambridgeshireHuntingdonHuntingdonLocation within Cambridgeshire
Population 25,428 (2021 Census)[1]
OS grid reference TL245725
District Huntingdonshire
Shire county Cambridgeshire
Region East
Country England
Sovereign state United Kingdom
Areas of the town List HartfordSapleyStukeley MeadowsTown Centre
Post town HUNTINGDON
Postcode district PE28, PE29
Dialling code 01480
Police Cambridgeshire
Fire Cambridgeshire
Ambulance East of England
UK Parliament Huntingdon
List of places UK England Cambridgeshire 52°20′11″N 0°10′18″W / 52.3364°N 0.1717°W / 52.3364; -0.1717

Huntingdon is a market town in the Huntingdonshire district of Cambridgeshire, England. The town was given its town charter by King John in 1205. It was the county town of the historic county of Huntingdonshire. Oliver Cromwell was born there in 1599[2] and became one of its Members of Parliament (MP) in 1628. The former Conservative Prime Minister (1990–1997) John Major served as its MP from 1979 until his retirement in 2001.

During the Roman Empire, in 274, a massive coin hoard dating to the reign of Tetricus I and Roman Emperor Aurelian was hidden in the grounds of the town. Consisting of 9,724 Roman coins, and discovered in 2018, the Muddy Hoard is considered to date the largest treasure trove of Cambridgeshire.[3][4]

Huntingdon was founded by the Anglo-Saxons and Danes. It is first mentioned in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle in 921, where it appears as Huntandun. It appears as Huntedun in the Domesday Book of 1086. The name means "The huntsman's hill" or possibly "Hunta's hill".[5]

Huntingdon seems to have been a staging post for Danish raids outside East Anglia until 917, when the Danes moved to Tempsford, now in Bedfordshire, before they were crushed by Edward the Elder. It prospered successively as a bridging point of the River Great Ouse, a market town, and in the 18th and 19th centuries a coaching centre, notably at the George Hotel. The town has a well-preserved medieval bridge that used to serve as the main route of Ermine Street over the river. The bridge only ceased to be the sole crossing point to Godmanchester in 1975, with the building of what is now the A1307 (formerly A14) bypass.

Sebastopol cannon

The town's valuable trading position was secured by Huntingdon Castle, of which only the earthworks of the motte survive. The site is a Scheduled Ancient Monument and home to a beacon used to mark the 400th anniversary of the Spanish Armada.

In 1746, the nurserymen Wood and Ingram of nearby Brampton developed an elm-tree cultivar, Ulmus × hollandica 'Vegeta', which they named the Huntingdon Elm after the town.[6]

Original documents on Huntingdon's history, including the borough charter of 1205, are held by Cambridgeshire Archives and Local Studies at the County Record Office, Huntingdon.[7]

Parts of Huntingdon, including the centre, were struck by an F1/T3 tornado on 23 November 1981, during a record-breaking nationwide tornado outbreak on that day.[8] The centre suffered moderate damage.

Between the railway station and the old hospital building, stands a replica cannon installed in the 1990s to replace one from the Crimean War, scrapped for the war effort in the Second World War. However, it faces in the opposite direction from the original. St Mary's Street drill hall was built in the late 19th century.[9]

The George Hotel on the corner of High Street and George Street was once a posting house. It was named after Saint George of England in 1574 and bought some 25 years later by Henry Cromwell, grandfather of Oliver Cromwell.[2] Charles I made the George his headquarters in 1645. Later the highwayman Dick Turpin is said to have been a customer when it was a coaching inn on the Great North Road. A theatre was built to the rear of the George in about 1799. The Lincoln company of actors managed by Thomas Shaftoe Robertson and later Fanny Robertson performed here in race weeks.[10] Two wings of the inn burnt down in the mid-19th century, but two were saved, including one with a balcony overlooking the yard. Since 1959, the courtyard and balcony have been used for Shakespeare performances by a company run by the Shakespeare at the George Trust. Until 2024 when the Green King company who run the George Hotel decided it was not in their best interest to continue Shakespeare at the George, ending its 65-year run.[11]

Huntingdon welcome sign

Huntingdon has a town council with 19 councillors elected every four years.[12] Two of them serve also as mayor and deputy mayor.[13] Meetings are normally held once a month at Huntingdon Town Hall.[14]

Huntingdonshire District Council has three wards: Huntingdon North, Huntingdon East and Huntingdon West.[15] The three wards each have two councillors.[16] The main offices of Huntingdonshire District Council are in Huntingdon itself.

The third tier of local government is Cambridgeshire County Council providing county-wide services such as roads, education, social services, libraries and heritage protection.[17] Huntingdon is one of 60 electoral divisions,[15] represented by two county councillors.[18]

The fourth tier of local government is Cambridgeshire and Peterborough Combined Authority, which is headed by a mayor. The Mayor of Cambridgeshire & Peterborough is Dr Nik Johnson.[19]

Huntingdon lies in the parliamentary constituency of the same name (formerly Huntingdonshire). Ben Obese-Jecty MP (Conservative) was elected to this seat in the House of Commons in 2024, replacing Jonathan Djanogly.[15]

The town lies on the north bank of the River Great Ouse opposite Godmanchester and close to the market town of St Ives to the east and the village of Brampton to the west. Huntingdon incorporates the village of Hartford to the east and the developing areas of Oxmoor, Stukeley Meadows and Hinchingbrooke to the north and west.

Between Godmanchester, Huntingdon and Brampton lies Portholme Meadow, England's largest.[20] Its 257 acres (104 hectares) contain many rare species of grass, flowers and dragonfly. It is the only known British habitat of the marsh dandelion. It acts as a natural reservoir for water in times of flood, enabling the river to run off slowly, so helping to preclude flooding in nearby towns. It has also served as a horse racecourse and once was a centre for aviation.

Huntingdon is home to many local businesses, including Huntingdon Racecourse. Hinchingbrooke Business Park also contains offices and warehouses.

The nearest weather station for long-term data is at RAF Wyton, 3 mi (5 km) north-east of the town centre. More recently Monks Wood, 5 mi (8 km) to the north-west, has also provided data.

Like most of Britain, Huntingdon has a temperate, maritime climate free of temperature extremes, with rainfall spread fairly evenly over the year. The absolute maximum recorded at Wyton was 35.4 °C (95.7 °F)[21] in August 1990; the temperature at Monks Wood rose in July 2006 to 35.1 °C (95.2 °F).[22] The mean annual warmest day is 29.7 °C (85.5 °F),[23] and on 16 days a year will rise to 25.1 °C (77.2 °F) or above.[24]

Typically 43.2 nights of the year report an air frost.[25] The absolute minimum at Wyton was −16.1 °C (3.0 °F)[26] in January 1982. The mean for the annual coldest night of the year is −7.7 °C (18.1 °F).[27]

With annual rainfall at under 550 millimetres (21+1⁄2 inches) a year,[28] the Huntingdon area is among the driest in the UK—103.4 days on average record at least 1 mm of rain.[29] All averages mentioned refer to the period 1971–2000.

Climate data for Monks Wood (1991–2020)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 7.6(45.7) 8.4(47.1) 11.1(52.0) 14.1(57.4) 17.2(63.0) 20.0(68.0) 22.6(72.7) 22.5(72.5) 19.5(67.1) 15.2(59.4) 10.7(51.3) 7.8(46.0) 14.8(58.6)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 1.4(34.5) 1.4(34.5) 2.6(36.7) 4.2(39.6) 6.8(44.2) 9.9(49.8) 11.9(53.4) 12.0(53.6) 10.0(50.0) 7.4(45.3) 4.2(39.6) 1.8(35.2) 6.2(43.2)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 48.7(1.92) 37.4(1.47) 37.8(1.49) 42.7(1.68) 45.5(1.79) 52.3(2.06) 55.9(2.20) 56.0(2.20) 52.6(2.07) 63.2(2.49) 57.0(2.24) 53.3(2.10) 602.3(23.71)
Average rainy days (≥ 1 mm) 10.5 9.2 8.7 8.6 8.1 8.7 8.2 8.8 8.5 10.0 11.1 10.5 111.1
Mean monthly sunshine hours 57.4 80.6 118.8 159.3 191.8 184.5 195.0 184.0 147.3 111.9 66.9 57.7 1,555.2
Source: Met Office[30]

Between 1801 and 1901, the current area of Huntingdon consisted of four parishes: Huntingdon All Saints, Huntingdon St Benedict, Huntingdon St John and Huntingdon St Mary. The populations of these were counted in the ten-year UK census and ranged in the period between 2,368 in 1801 and 4,735 in 1891.[31] (The census was omitted in 1941.)

Parish 1911 1921 1931 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011
Huntingdon 4,464 4,644 4,570 5,282 14,648 15,451 20,099 23,732

All population census figures are taken from the report Historic Census figures Cambridgeshire to 2011 by Cambridgeshire Insight.[31] For the censuses of 1961 and 1971, Huntingdon was combined with Godmanchester.

In 2011, the parish covered an area of 2,765 acres (1,119 hectares).[31] The population density in that year was 5,493.1 inhabitants per square mile (2,120.9 inhabitants per square kilometre).

Culture and community

[edit]

The former Literary and Scientific Institute is now Commemoration Hall.

The Old Bridge across the Great Ouse, to Godmanchester

Following the 2013 closure of RAF Brampton, once home to Headquarters RAF Support Command, there are now two operational RAF stations within 4 mi (6 km) of the town: RAF Wyton, once a major flying station but now a facility of the Defence Equipment and Support arm of the MOD and RAF Alconbury currently occupied by the United States Air Force.

Part of the medieval infirmary hall of St Johns in the market place became Huntingdon Grammar School. It was attended by Cromwell and by the diarist Samuel Pepys. The building is now the Cromwell Museum, run by Cambridgeshire County Council.

Interior of the Cromwell Museum

Hinchingbrooke House, once a convent, is said to be haunted. The bridge over the Alconbury Brook named Nun's Bridge is said also to be haunted, by one of the nuns who once lived at the convent.[32] She is said often to be accompanied by another ghost that resembles a nurse. The myth goes that the nun had a monk lover who caused them to be murdered.

Local news and television programmes are provided by BBC East and ITV Anglia. Television signals are received from the Sandy Heath TV transmitter.[33]

Local radio stations are BBC Radio Cambridgeshire, Heart East,Greatest Hits Radio East, Star Radio and HCR FM, a community based station that broadcast from the town.[34]

The Hunts Post is the town's local weekly newspaper.[35]

The local primary schools are Hartford Junior School, Huntingdon Primary School, Thongsley Fields Primary School, St John's Primary School, Stukeley Meadows Primary School and Cromwell Academy Primary School. Spring Common School is a special-needs school. Secondary schools include St Peter's School and Hinchingbrooke School. Further education colleges include Huntingdonshire Regional College, Hinchingbrooke School sixth-form college and St Peter's sixth form.

Huntingdon station

Huntingdon railway station is sited on the East Coast Main Line. Services that stop here are operated by Govia Thameslink Railway, on the Thameslink and Great Northern routes.

Great Northern services operate between Peterborough and London Kings Cross station; trains take just over an hour to reach the capital. Thameslink services run between Peterborough and Horsham, in West Sussex, via St Pancras and Blackfriars.[36]

Bus services are operated primarily by Stagecoach East and Whippet. Routes serve the town, including Hinchingbrooke Hospital, and connect Huntingdon with Peterborough, St Neots, Ramsey, St Ives and Cambridge.[37]

Luton and Stansted airports are located within 40 miles (64 km) of the town.

All Saints' Church, from Market Square

There are four Church of England churches in Huntingdon; once there were more, which together with those in the adjacent villages Great and Little Stukeley are members of the Huntingdon Team Ministry[38] in the Diocese of Ely. The four are All Saints' (next to the Market Square), St Mary's (opposite Pathfinder House), St Barnabas (on the Oxmoor estate) and All Saints', Hartford.

Huntingdon Methodist Church is in the High Street.[39] Medway Christian Fellowship is based on Medway Road.[40]

The highest-ranking football club, Huntingdon Town, plays in the United Counties League. Huntingdon United RGE plays in the Cambridgeshire League.

Terry Reid in 1974

Names are in birth order. Data are from the subject's Wikipedia article except where referenced.

Arts and entertainment

[edit]

Portrait of Samuel Pepys, by John Hayls, 1666

Oliver Cromwell, 1646

Science and engineering

[edit]

Darren Bent in 2008

International relations

[edit]

Source:[51]

Freedom of the Town

[edit]

The following people and military units have received the Freedom of the Town of Huntingdon.

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  2. ^ a b c "Cromwell, Oliver" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 7 (11th ed.). 1911. pp. 487–498.
  3. ^ "Detectorist finds 10,000 Roman coins in Huntingdon hoard". BBC News. 19 December 2021. Retrieved 22 September 2023.
  4. ^ Museum, The British; Street, Great Russell; T: +4420 73238618, London WC1B 3DG. "Record ID: CAM-A0ECFB - ROMAN hoard". The Portable Antiquities Scheme. Retrieved 22 September 2023.{{[cite web](/wiki/Template:Cite%5Fweb "Template:Cite web")}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  5. ^ Eilert Ekwall, The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Place-names, p. 258.
  6. ^ Louis John Drake. Wood and Ingram: A Huntingdonshire Nursery 1742-1950.
  7. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 23 December 2008. Retrieved 30 March 2009.{{[cite web](/wiki/Template:Cite%5Fweb "Template:Cite web")}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) cambridgeshire.gov.uk
  8. ^ "European Severe Weather Database".
  9. ^ "The Huntingdonshire Cyclist Battalions 1914–1919". Porch Museum. Retrieved 20 September 2017.
  10. ^ Wright, Neil R (2016). Treading the Boards. SLHA. p. 141.
  11. ^ "Shakespeare at the George". satg.org.uk. Retrieved 19 November 2017.
  12. ^ "Huntingdon Town Council: Councillors". huntingdontown.gov.uk. Huntingdon Town Council. Retrieved 8 February 2016.
  13. ^ "Huntingdon Town Council: Mayor of Huntingdon". huntingdontown.gov.uk. Huntingdon Town Council. Archived from the original on 1 January 2019. Retrieved 8 February 2016.
  14. ^ "Huntingdon Town Council: council meetings". huntingdontown.gov.uk. Huntingdon Town Council. Archived from the original on 1 January 2019. Retrieved 8 February 2016.
  15. ^ a b c "Ordnance Survey Election Maps". ordnancesurvey.co.uk. Ordnance Survey. Retrieved 4 February 2016.
  16. ^ "Huntingdonshire District Council: Councillors". huntsdc.gov.uk. Huntingdonshire District Council. Retrieved 4 February 2016.
  17. ^ "Cambridgeshire County Council". cambridgeshire.gov.uk. Cambridgeshire County Council. Retrieved 23 February 2016.
  18. ^ "Cambridgeshire County Council: Councillors". cambridgeshire.gov.uk. Cambridgeshire County Council. Archived from the original on 22 February 2016. Retrieved 15 February 2016.
  19. ^ "Cambridgeshire & Peterborough Combined Authority". Cambridgeshire & Peterborough Combined Authority. Retrieved 10 July 2023.
  20. ^ http://www.huntingdon-town.info/portholme.htm huntingdon-town.info
  21. ^ "> 1990 Maximum". Archived from the original on 5 March 2016. Retrieved 25 February 2011.
  22. ^ "> July 2006". Archived from the original on 29 June 2011. Retrieved 25 February 2011.
  23. ^ "> The mean annual warmest day". Archived from the original on 11 October 2016. Retrieved 25 February 2011.
  24. ^ ">25c days". Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 25 February 2011.
  25. ^ "air frost incidence". Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 25 February 2011.
  26. ^ "1982 minimum". Archived from the original on 8 March 2016. Retrieved 25 February 2011.
  27. ^ "Mean annual coldest night". Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 25 February 2011.
  28. ^ "Annual average rainfall". Archived from the original on 24 July 2011. Retrieved 25 February 2011.
  29. ^ "Annual average wetdays". Archived from the original on 24 July 2011. Retrieved 25 February 2011.
  30. ^ "Monks Wood (Cambridgeshire) UK climate averages - Met Office". Met Office. Retrieved 21 July 2024.
  31. ^ a b c "Historic Census figures Cambridgeshire to 2011". cambridgeshireinsight.org.uk. Cambridgeshire Insight. Archived from the original (xlsx – download) on 15 February 2016. Retrieved 12 February 2016.
  32. ^ http://www.francisfrith.com/huntingdon/photos/nuns-bridge-1901_46623/ francisfrith.com
  33. ^ "Full Freeview on the Sandy Heath (Central Bedfordshire, England) transmitter". UK Free TV. 1 May 2004. Retrieved 22 November 2023.
  34. ^ "Huntingdon Community Radio". Retrieved 22 November 2023.
  35. ^ "The Hunts Post". British Papers. 12 March 2014. Retrieved 22 November 2023.
  36. ^ "Timetables". Thameslink. 21 May 2023. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
  37. ^ "Stops in Huntingdon". Bus Times. 2023. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
  38. ^ http://www.huntingdonanglicanchurches.org.uk huntingdonanglicanchurches.org.uk
  39. ^ "Home". Huntingdon Methodist Church. Retrieved 19 November 2017.
  40. ^ "Medway Christian Fellowship – Love Oxmoor – A church in the heart of the community". loveoxmoor.org.uk. Retrieved 19 November 2017.
  41. ^ Davis, Henry William Carless (1911). "Henry of Huntingdon" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 13 (11th ed.). p. 298.
  42. ^ Hannay, David McDowall (1911). "Pepys, Samuel" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 21 (11th ed.). pp. 130–132.
  43. ^ "Sandwich, John Montagu, 4th Earl of" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 24 (11th ed.). 1911. pp. 142–143.
  44. ^ Rootsweb Retrieved 11 March 2016.
  45. ^ BCW Project Retrieved 12 March 2016.
  46. ^ Yorke, Philip Chesney (1911). "Cromwell, Richard" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 7 (11th ed.). pp. 498–499.
  47. ^ "Cromwell, Henry" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 7 (11th ed.). 1911. pp. 486–487.
  48. ^ "Charlie Elphicke trial: Ex-MP guilty of sexual assaults". BBC News. 30 July 2020. Retrieved 10 July 2023.
  49. ^ "Foster, Sir Michael" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 10 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 733.
  50. ^ Chelsea info Retrieved 8 January 2016.
  51. ^ "Huntingdon and Godmanchester's Twin Towns". Huntingdon Town Council. 15 June 2015. Archived from the original on 30 May 2023. Retrieved 8 May 2021.
  52. ^ Gilham, Aexander (27 May 2022). "Great honour for two men awarded the freedom of Huntingdon". The Hunts Post. Retrieved 19 June 2022.
  53. ^ Collett, Alexandra (17 September 2020). "Wreath-laying ceremony in Huntingdon for Battle of Britain anniversary". huntspost.co.uk. Archived from the original on 26 September 2020. Retrieved 19 June 2022.
  54. ^ "Copy of the Charter awarding the freedom of the Borough of Huntingdon to RAF Wyton". Cambridgeshire Community Archive Network. Retrieved 4 November 2021.
  55. ^ "Huntingdon to host RAF parade today". huntspost.co.uk. 12 April 2011. Archived from the original on 30 August 2018. Retrieved 19 June 2022.
  56. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 3 March 2017. Retrieved 15 May 2017.{{[cite web](/wiki/Template:Cite%5Fweb "Template:Cite web")}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  57. ^ "US Air Force unit gets freedom of town". BBC News.
  58. ^ Ridley, Katie (21 September 2018). "Combat Support Wing awarded freedom of Huntingdon". Archived from the original on 2 October 2018. Retrieved 19 June 2022.