坎 - Wiktionary, the free dictionary (original) (raw)

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

See also: ☵

坎 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 土弓人 (GNO), four-corner 47182, composition ⿰土欠)

崁, 莰, 𥦔, 𬁄, 䤰, 𠥈
Kangxi Dictionary: page 225, character 12
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4928
Dae Jaweon: page 460, character 4
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 425, character 4
Unihan data for U+574E

simp. and trad.	坎
alternative forms	埳

| | Old Chinese | | | -------------------------------- | ------------------ | | 坎 | *kʰoːmʔ, *kʰoːms | | 扻 | *kʰoːmʔ | | 砍 | *kʰoːmʔ | | 芡 | *ɡromʔ | | 欠 | *kʰoms | | 杴 | *qʰom | | 鍁 | *qʰam |

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kʰoːmʔ, *kʰoːms): semantic 土 (“earth; soil”) + phonetic 欠 (OC *kʰoms).

Related to 磡 (OC *kʰuːms, “embankment”) (Schuessler, 2007); see there for more.

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): kǎn (kan3)
(Zhuyin): ㄎㄢˇ
(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): kan3
Cantonese (Jyutping): ham2 / ham1 / ham3
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): khám
(Hailu, HRS): kamˊ
(Meixian, Guangdong): kam3
Northern Min (KCR): kǎng
Eastern Min (BUC): kāng
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): kang3
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): khám
(Teochew, Peng'im): kam2
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5khe

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
  * Hanyu Pinyin: kǎn
  * Zhuyin: ㄎㄢˇ
  * Tongyong Pinyin: kǎn
  * Wade–Giles: kʻan3
  * Yale: kǎn
  * Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kaan
  * Palladius: кань (kanʹ)
  * Sinological IPA (key): /kʰän²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
  * Sichuanese Pinyin: kan3
  * Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: kan
  * Sinological IPA (key): /kʰan⁵³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  * Jyutping: ham2 / ham1 / ham3
  * Yale: hám / hām / ham
  * Cantonese Pinyin: ham2 / ham1 / ham3
  * Guangdong Romanization: hem2 / hem1 / hem3
  * Sinological IPA (key): /hɐm³⁵/, /hɐm⁵⁵/, /hɐm³³/

Note: ham3 - in 赤坎.

Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  * Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khám
  * Hakka Romanization System: kamˋ
  * Hagfa Pinyim: kam3
  * Sinological IPA: /kʰam³¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  * Hakka Romanization System: kamˊ
  * Sinological IPA: /kʰam²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  * Guangdong: kam3
  * Sinological IPA: /kʰam³¹/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  * Kienning Colloquial Romanized: kǎng
  * Sinological IPA (key): /kʰaŋ²¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  * Bàng-uâ-cê: kāng
  * Sinological IPA (key): /kʰaŋ³³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  * Pouseng Ping'ing: kang3
  * Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: kâng
  * Sinological IPA (key): /kʰaŋ⁴⁵³/
- (Xianyou)
  * Pouseng Ping'ing: kang3
  * Sinological IPA (key): /kʰaŋ³³²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  * Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khám
  * Tâi-lô: khám
  * Phofsit Daibuun: qarm
  * IPA (Xiamen): /kʰam⁵³/
  * IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰam⁵⁵⁴/
  * IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰam⁵³/
  * IPA (Taipei): /kʰam⁵³/
  * IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰam⁴¹/
- (Teochew)
  * Peng'im: kam2
  * Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khám
  * Sinological IPA (key): /kʰam⁵²/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  * Wugniu: 5khe
  * MiniDict: khe去
  * Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 2khe
  * Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kʰe³⁴/

Middle Chinese: khomX
Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ʰˤomʔ/
(Zhengzhang): /*kʰoːmʔ/, /*kʰoːms/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	坎
Reading #	1/1
ModernBeijing(Pinyin)	kǎn
MiddleChinese	‹ khomX ›
OldChinese	/*[k]ʰˁomʔ/
English	pit (n.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	坎	坎
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	10269	10272
Phoneticcomponent	欠	欠
Rimegroup	談	談
Rimesubdivision	3	3
CorrespondingMC rime	坎	勘
OldChinese	/*kʰoːmʔ/	/*kʰoːms/
Notes		墈正體

坎

(literary) pit; hole
- 小臣爪足，浴餘水棄于坎。 [Classical Chinese, _trad._]
  小臣爪足，浴余水弃于坎。 [Classical Chinese, _simp._]
  From: The Book of Rites, c. 4th – 2nd century BCE
  Xiǎochén zhǎo zú, yù yú shuǐ qì yú kǎn. [Pinyin]
  Another servant then pared the nails of the feet, after which they threw away the rest of the water into the pit.
bank or ridge between fields
田坎 ― tiánkǎn ― ridge between fields
critical juncture (Classifier: 道 m)
6th of the 8 trigrams (☵)
29th hexagram of the I Ching (䷜)
Short for 坎德拉 (kǎndélā).
a surname

命途坎坷
坎井之蛙
坎兒 / 坎儿
坎兒井 / 坎儿井 (kǎnrjǐng)
坎坎
坎坷 (kǎnkě)
坎城影展
坎培拉 (Kǎnpéilā)
坎壈 / 坎𡒄
坎帕拉 (Kǎnpàlā)
坎窞
坎肩 (kǎnjiān)
坎阱 (kǎnjǐng)
屯坎
心坎 (xīnkǎn)
流行坎止
烏坎 / 乌坎 (Wūkǎn)
石坎
羅坎 / 罗坎 (Luókǎn)
習坎 / 习坎
落坎兒 / 落坎儿
號坎兒 / 号坎儿
調坎 / 调坎
門坎 / 门坎 (ménkǎn)
闊其坎 / 阔其坎 (Kuòqíkǎn)
阿克提坎墩 (Ākètíkǎndūn)
→ Proto-Tai: *C̬.kumᴬ
- Thai: ขุม (kǔm, “pit”)
“坎”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

坎

(Hyōgai kanji)

Go-on: こん (kon)
Kan-on: かん (kan)
Kun: あな (ana, 坎)

Kanji in this term
坎
かんHyōgai
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 坎 (MC khomX).

(Tokyo) かん [káꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])[1]
IPA(key): [kã̠ɴ]

坎(かん) • (kan)

pit; hole; pitfall
the sixth of the eight trigrams of the I Ching ☵
Hypernym: 八卦
Coordinate terms: 乾, 兌, 離, 震, 巽, 坎, 艮, 坤
the twenty-ninth of the sixty-four hexagrams of the I Ching ䷜
Hypernym: 六十四卦
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

坎 (eum 감 (gam))

坎: Hán Việt readings: khảm
坎: Nôm readings: khóm, khúm, khăm, khảm, khẳm

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