庸 - Wiktionary, the free dictionary (original) (raw)
庸 (Kangxi radical 53, 广+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 戈中月 (ILB), four-corner 00227, composition ⿸广𬎾)
- 傭 嘃 墉 嫞 慵 槦 滽 牅 牗 鄘 鏞(镛) 鱅(鳙) 鷛(𱊤) 㟾 㣑 㺎 䗤 䧡 𥡲 𦟛
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 347, character 30
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9378
- Dae Jaweon: page 658, character 5
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 890, character 5
- Unihan data for U+5EB8
| trad. | 庸 |
|---|---|
| simp. # | 庸 |
| 2nd round simp. | ⿸广用 |
| alternative forms | 𠆌 ancient㐯 ancient |
| | Old Chinese | | | -------------------------------- | ------------------- | | 通 | *l̥ʰoːŋ | | 俑 | *l̥ʰoːŋ, *loŋʔ | | 蓪 | *l̥ʰoːŋ | | 桶 | *l̥ʰoːŋʔ, *l'oːŋʔ | | 捅 | *l̥ʰoːŋʔ | | 痛 | *l̥ʰoːŋs | | 筩 | *l'oːŋ | | 誦 | *ljoŋs | | 傭 | *l̥ʰoŋ, *loŋ | | 慵 | *ɦljoŋ | | 鱅 | *ɦljoŋ, *loŋ | | 滽 | *loŋ | | 墉 | *loŋ | | 鏞 | *loŋ | | 鄘 | *loŋ | | 槦 | *loŋ | | 銿 | *loŋ | | 甬 | *loŋʔ | | 勇 | *loŋʔ | | 涌 | *loŋʔ | | 踊 | *loŋʔ | | 蛹 | *loŋʔ | | 恿 | *loŋʔ | | 慂 | *loŋʔ | | 悀 | *loŋʔ | | 埇 | *loŋʔ | | 踴 | *loŋʔ | | 庸 | *loŋ | | 用 | *loŋs | | 佣 | *loŋs |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *loŋ) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : abbreviated semantic 庚 + phonetic 用 (OC *loŋs).
- Mandarin
(Pinyin): yōng, yóng (yong1, yong2)
(Zhuyin): ㄩㄥ, ㄩㄥˊ - Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): jung4
(Taishan, Wiktionary): yuung3 - Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yûng
- Eastern Min (BUC): ṳ̀ng
- Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): iông / iûⁿ / sông
(Teochew, Peng'im): iong5 - Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6yon
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)+
* Hanyu Pinyin: yōng
* Zhuyin: ㄩㄥ
* Tongyong Pinyin: yong
* Wade–Giles: yung1
* Yale: yūng
* Gwoyeu Romatzyh: iong
* Palladius: юн (jun)
* Sinological IPA (key): /jʊŋ⁵⁵/ - (Standard Chinese, variant)+
* Hanyu Pinyin: yóng
* Zhuyin: ㄩㄥˊ
* Tongyong Pinyin: yóng
* Wade–Giles: yung2
* Yale: yúng
* Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yong
* Palladius: юн (jun)
* Sinological IPA (key): /jʊŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
* Jyutping: jung4
* Yale: yùhng
* Cantonese Pinyin: jung4
* Guangdong Romanization: yung4
* Sinological IPA (key): /jʊŋ²¹/ - (Taishanese, Taicheng)
* Wiktionary: yuung3
* Sinological IPA (key): /jɵŋ²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
* Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yûng
* Hakka Romanization System: iungˊ
* Hagfa Pinyim: yung1
* Sinological IPA: /i̯uŋ²⁴/ - (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
* Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yûng
* Hakka Romanization System: (r)iungˊ
* Hagfa Pinyim: yung1
* Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯uŋ²⁴/
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
* Bàng-uâ-cê: ṳ̀ng
* Sinological IPA (key): /yŋ⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
* Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iông
* Tâi-lô: iông
* Phofsit Daibuun: ioong
* IPA (Zhangzhou): /iɔŋ¹³/
* IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɔŋ²³/
* IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei, Xiamen): /iɔŋ²⁴/ - (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
* Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iûⁿ
* Tâi-lô: iûnn
* Phofsit Daibuun: viuu
* IPA (Kaohsiung): /iũ²³/
* IPA (Taipei): /iũ²⁴/ - (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
* Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sông
* Tâi-lô: sông
* Phofsit Daibuun: soong
* IPA (Quanzhou, Xiamen): /sɔŋ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
Note:
iông - literary;
sông - vernacular.
- (Teochew)
* Peng'im: iong5
* Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iông
* Sinological IPA (key): /ioŋ⁵⁵/
- (Teochew)
Middle Chinese: yowng
Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*loŋ/
(Zhengzhang): /*loŋ/
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 庸 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| ModernBeijing(Pinyin) | yōng |
| MiddleChinese | ‹ yowng › |
| OldChinese | /*loŋ/ |
| English | use; advantage |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 庸 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 15459 |
| Phoneticcomponent | 用 |
| Rimegroup | 東 |
| Rimesubdivision | 0 |
| CorrespondingMC rime | 容 |
| OldChinese | /*loŋ/ |
庸
- to use; to employ
- to need
毋庸置疑 ― wúyōngzhìyí ― to not need to question - contribution; merit
- ordinary; common; (by extension) mediocre; inferior
- (literary, rhetorical question) how; how can it be that (used in rhetorical questions)
Synonym: 豈／岂 (qǐ)- 子儀在位，十四年矣；而謀召君者，庸非貳乎？ [Classical Chinese, _trad._]
子仪在位，十四年矣；而谋召君者，庸非贰乎？ [Classical Chinese, _simp._]
From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4th century BCE
Zǐyí zàiwèi, shísì nián yǐ; ér móu zhào jūn zhě, yōng fēi èr hū? [Pinyin]
Ziyi held the earldom for fourteen years; those who took measures to call in your lordship, how did they not show a divided allegiance?
- 子儀在位，十四年矣；而謀召君者，庸非貳乎？ [Classical Chinese, _trad._]
- a surname
(common): 平 (píng)
(mediocre): 凡 (fán)
(antonym(s) of “ordinary”): 偉／伟 (wěi) (extraordinary, great)
上庸 (Shàngyōng)
中庸 (zhōngyōng)
中庸之道 (zhōngyōng zhī dào)
凡庸 (fányōng)
大庸 (Dàyōng)
平庸 (píngyōng)
庸人 (yōngrén)
庸俗 (yōngsú)
庸庸碌碌 (yōngyōnglùlù)
庸才 (yōngcái)
庸碌 (yōnglù)
昏庸 (hūnyōng)
毋庸 (wúyōng)
毋庸置疑 (wúyōngzhìyí)
登庸 (dēngyōng)
附庸 (fùyōng)
庸
- commonplace
- On (unclassified): よう (yō, Jōyō)
- Kun: なみ (nami)、_つね_ (tsune, 庸)、_もちいる_ (mochiiru, 庸いる)
- 庸愚
- 庸君
- 庸言庸行
- 庸才
- 庸常
- 庸人
- 庸俗
- 庸夫
- 庸劣
- 中庸
- 登庸
- 凡庸
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 庸 |
| ようGrade: S |
| on'yomi |
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
庸 (eum 용 (yong))
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庸: Hán Nôm readings: dong, dông, dung, giông
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