族 - Wiktionary, the free dictionary (original) (raw)
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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族 (Kangxi radical 70, 方+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 卜尸人人大 (YSOOK), four-corner 08234, composition ⿸𭤨矢)
- 嗾, 㵀, 䃚, 鏃(镞), 瘯, 簇, 蔟, 鷟(𬸦), 𢳇, 𪼕, 𨄕, 𩻀, 𪟒, 𢩜, 𡻬, 𫦓, 𢄧, 𢳈, 𧐈, 𩀥, 𩺯
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 484, character 3
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13661
- Dae Jaweon: page 846, character 3
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2181, character 1
- Unihan data for U+65CF
| trad. | 族 |
|---|---|
| simp. # | 族 |
| alternative forms | 㞺𥎩𥎼𥎽𥏁㞺𥎩𥎼𥎽𥏁𫞀 |
| | Old Chinese | | | -------------------------------- | ------------------------- | | 蔟 | *sʰoːɡs, *sʰoːɡ | | 嗾 | *sʰoːɡs, *soːʔ, *soːɡs | | 鷟 | *zroːɡ | | 鏃 | *ʔsoːɡ | | 瘯 | *sʰoːɡ | | 簇 | *sʰoːɡ | | 族 | *zoːɡ |
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 㫃 (“flag”) + 矢 (“arrow”).
- Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): zú (zu2)
(Zhuyin): ㄗㄨˊ
(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): quo2 / cu2 / qu2
(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): зў (zw, II) - Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zuk6
(Taishan, Wiktionary): duuk5 - Gan (Wiktionary): cuh6
- Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): chhu̍k
(Meixian, Guangdong): cug6 - Jin (Wiktionary): cueh5
- Northern Min (KCR): cù
- Eastern Min (BUC): cŭk
- Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): cho̍k / cha̍k
(Teochew, Peng'im): zog8 - Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 8zoq
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): cou6
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
* Hanyu Pinyin: zú
* Zhuyin: ㄗㄨˊ
* Tongyong Pinyin: zú
* Wade–Giles: tsu2
* Yale: dzú
* Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzwu
* Palladius: цзу (czu)
* Sinological IPA (key): /t͡su³⁵/ - (Chengdu)
* Sichuanese Pinyin: quo2 / cu2 / qu2
* Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: kiuo / cu / ky
* Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰyo²¹/, /t͡sʰu²¹/, /t͡ɕʰy²¹/ - (Dungan)
* Cyrillic and Wiktionary: зў (zw, II)
* Sinological IPA (key): /t͡su⁵¹/
(Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
* Jyutping: zuk6
* Yale: juhk
* Cantonese Pinyin: dzuk9
* Guangdong Romanization: zug6
* Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʊk̚²/ - (Taishanese, Taicheng)
* Wiktionary: duuk5
* Sinological IPA (key): /tɵk̚³²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
* Wiktionary: cuh6
* Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰuʔ⁵/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
* Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhu̍k
* Hakka Romanization System: cug
* Hagfa Pinyim: cug6
* Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰuk̚⁵/ - (Meixian)
* Guangdong: cug6
* Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰʊk̚⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
* Wiktionary: cueh5
* Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sʰuəʔ⁵⁴/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
* Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cù
* Sinological IPA (key): /t͡su⁴²/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
* Bàng-uâ-cê: cŭk
* Sinological IPA (key): /t͡suʔ⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
* Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cho̍k
* Tâi-lô: tso̍k
* Phofsit Daibuun: zok
* IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /t͡sɔk̚²⁴/
* IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sɔk̚¹²¹/
* IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sɔk̚⁴/ - (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
* Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cha̍k
* Tâi-lô: tsa̍k
* Phofsit Daibuun: zak
* IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sak̚⁴/ - (Teochew)
* Peng'im: zog8
* Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tso̍k
* Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sok̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
- Wu
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
* Wiktionary: cou6
* Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰəu̯²⁴/
- (Changsha)
- Dialectal data
Middle Chinese: dzuwk
Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[dz]ˤok/
(Zhengzhang): /*zoːɡ/
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 族 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| ModernBeijing(Pinyin) | zú |
| MiddleChinese | ‹ dzuwk › |
| OldChinese | /*[dz]ˁok/ |
| English | clan |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 族 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 17980 |
| Phoneticcomponent | 族 |
| Rimegroup | 屋 |
| Rimesubdivision | 0 |
| CorrespondingMC rime | 族 |
| OldChinese | /*zoːɡ/ |
| Notes | 甲文或從二矢，象令旗麾矢蔟集，爲蔟初文，說文訓鏃則與從方二矢脫節 |
族
- clan; family clan; tribe
宗族 ― zōngzú ― clan - ethnic group; nationality
民族 ― mínzú ― ethnicity
藏族 ― Zàngzú ― Tibetans - group or class of things with common features
啃老族 ― kěnlǎozú ― boomerang kids (literally, “people relying on elderly parents”)
低頭族／低头族 ― dītóuzú ― smartphone zombie (literally, “people with heads lowered”)- 士大夫之族，曰師曰弟子云者，則群聚而笑之。 [Literary Chinese, _trad._]
士大夫之族，曰师曰弟子云者，则群聚而笑之。 [Literary Chinese, _simp._]
From: circa 9th century, Han Yu, 師說
Shìdàfū zhī zú, yuē shī yuē dìzǐ yún zhě, zé qún jù ér xiào zhī. [Pinyin]
If men of the intelligent class apply to themselves the expression of ‘teacher’ and ‘pupil,’ people will flock to laugh at them.
- 士大夫之族，曰師曰弟子云者，則群聚而笑之。 [Literary Chinese, _trad._]
- (historical) to impose a death penalty on an offender and his entire family, and even on the families of his mother and wife
- 有敢偶語《詩》、《書》者棄市。以古非今者族。 [Classical Chinese, _trad._]
有敢偶语《诗》、《书》者弃市。以古非今者族。 [Classical Chinese, _simp._]
From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE
Yǒu gǎn ǒuyǔ “Shī”, “Shū” zhě qìshì. Yǐ gǔ fēi jīn zhě zú. [Pinyin]
Those who in conversation dare to quote the old songs and records should be publicly executed; those who use old precedents to oppose the new order should have their families wiped out.
- 有敢偶語《詩》、《書》者棄市。以古非今者族。 [Classical Chinese, _trad._]
- (literary) to gather
- 自而治天下，雲氣不待族而雨，草木不待黃而落，日月之光益以荒矣。 [Classical Chinese, _trad._]
自而治天下，云气不待族而雨，草木不待黄而落，日月之光益以荒矣。 [Classical Chinese, _simp._]
From: Zhuangzi, circa 3rd – 2nd centuries BCE
Zì ér zhì tiānxià, yúnqì bù dài zú ér yǔ, cǎomù bù dài huáng ér luò, rìyuè zhī guāng yì yǐ huāng yǐ. [Pinyin]
According to your government of the world, the vapours of the clouds, before they were collected, would descend in rain; the herbs and trees would shed their leaves before they became yellow; and the light of the sun and moon would hasten to extinction
- 自而治天下，雲氣不待族而雨，草木不待黃而落，日月之光益以荒矣。 [Classical Chinese, _trad._]
- (Taiwan, specifically) the Taiwanese indigenous peoples
族語／族语 ― zúyǔ ― tribal languages, specifically Taiwanese indigenous languages
三族 (sānzú)
上班族 (shàngbānzú)
世族 (shìzú)
九族 (jiǔzú)
五族共和 (wǔzú gònghé)
京族 (Jīngzú)
仡佬族 (Gēlǎozú)
佤族 (Wǎzú)
侗族 (Dòngzú)
保安族 (Bǎo'ānzú)
傈僳族 (Lìsùzú)
傣族 (Dǎizú)
僮族 (Zhuàngzú)
卑南族 (Bēinánzú)
名族 (míngzú)
同族 (tóngzú)
哈尼族 (Hānízú)
回族 (Huízú)
土家族 (Tǔjiāzú)
土族 (Tǔzú)
塔吉克族 (Tǎjíkèzú)
士族 (shìzú)
外族 (wàizú)
大家族 (dàjiāzú)
大族 (dàzú)
孟族 (mèngzú)
宗族 (zōngzú)
家族 (jiāzú)
布依族 (Bùyīzú)
布朗族 (Bùlǎngzú)
平埔族 (Píngpǔzú)
彝族 (Yízú)
德昂族 (Dé'ángzú)
怒族 (Nùzú)
恩施土家族苗族自治州 (Ēnshī Tǔjiāzú Miáozú Zìzhìzhōu)
拉祜族 (Lāhùzú)
撒拉族 (Sālāzú)
斯拉夫族 (sīlāfūzú)
族人 (zúrén)
族弟 (zúdì)
族群 (zúqún)
族裔 (zúyì)
普米族 (Pǔmǐzú)
月光族 (yuèguāngzú)
望族 (wàngzú)
本族 (běnzú)
毛南族 (Máonánzú)
氏族 (shìzú)
民族 (mínzú)
民族英雄 (mínzú yīngxióng)
水族 (shuǐzú)
泰雅族 (tàiyǎzú)
游牧民族 (yóumù mínzú)
王族 (wángzú)
珞巴族 (Luòbāzú)
畬族 (Shēzú)
白族 (Báizú)
皇族 (huángzú)
系族 (xìzú)
羌族 (Qiāngzú)
苗族 (Miáozú)
蒙古族 (Měnggǔzú)
蒙族 (měngzú)
藏族 (Zàngzú)
血族 (xuèzú)
裕固族 (Yùgùzú)
赤族 (chìzú)
赫哲族 (Hèzhézú)
追星族 (zhuīxīngzú)
邵族 (shàozú)
部族 (bùzú)
阿克塞哈薩克族自治縣 / 阿克塞哈萨克族自治县 (Ākèsài Hāsàkèzú Zìzhìxiàn)
阿昌族 (Āchāngzú)
阿美族 (Āměizú)
雅美族 (yǎměizú)
高山族 (Gāoshānzú)
黎族 (Lízú)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
* Hanyu Pinyin: zòu
* Zhuyin: ㄗㄡˋ
* Tongyong Pinyin: zòu
* Wade–Giles: tsou4
* Yale: dzòu
* Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzow
* Palladius: цзоу (czou)
* Sinological IPA (key): /t͡soʊ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
族
- † Alternative form of 奏 (zòu)
- 文久而滅，節族久而絶。 [Classical Chinese, _trad._]
文久而灭，节族久而绝。 [Classical Chinese, _simp._]
From: Xunzi, c. 3rd century BCE
Wén jiǔ ér miè, jié zòu jiǔ ér jué. [Pinyin]
Culture persists for a long time and then is extinguished; regulations persist for a long time and then cease. - 親莫親於骨肉，節族之屬連也。 [Classical Chinese, _trad._]
亲莫亲于骨肉，节族之属连也。 [Classical Chinese, _simp._]
From: Huainanzi, 2nd century BCE
Qīn mò qīn yú gǔròu, jié zòu zhī shǔ lián yě. [Pinyin]
(please add an English translation of this usage example)
- 文久而滅，節族久而絶。 [Classical Chinese, _trad._]
族
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 族 |
| ぞくGrade: 3 |
| on'yomi |
From Middle Chinese 族 (MC dzuwk).
- 族(ぞく)縁(えん) (zokuen)
- 族(ぞく)称(しょう) (zokushō)
- 族(ぞく)生(せい) (zokusei)
- 族(ぞく)籍(せき) (zokuseki)
- 族(ぞく)長(ちょう) (zokuchō)
- 族(ぞく)滅(めつ) (zokumetsu)
- 亜(あ)族(ぞく) (azoku)
- 蟻(あり)族(ぞく) (arizoku)
- 遺(い)族(ぞく) (izoku)
- 一(いち)族(ぞく) (ichizoku)
- 姻(いん)族(ぞく) (inzoku)
- 王(おう)族(ぞく) (ōzoku)
- 家(か)族(ぞく) (kazoku)
- 華(か)族(ぞく) (kazoku)
- 回(かい)族(ぞく) (kaizoku)
- 漢(かん)族(ぞく) (kanzoku)
- 貴(き)族(ぞく) (kizoku)
- 九(きゅう)族(ぞく) (kyūzoku)
- 旧(きゅう)族(ぞく) (kyūzoku)
- 血(けつ)族(ぞく) (ketsuzoku)
- 語(ご)族(ぞく) (gozoku)
- 皇(こう)族(ぞく) (kōzoku)
- 豪(ごう)族(ぞく) (gōzoku)
- 氏(し)族(ぞく) (shizoku)
- 士(し)族(ぞく) (shizoku)
- 枝(し)族(ぞく), 支(し)族(ぞく) (shizoku)
- 種(しゅ)族(ぞく) (shuzoku)
- 親(しん)族(ぞく) (shinzoku)
- 神(しん)族(ぞく) (shinzoku)
- 宗(そう)族(ぞく) (sōzoku)
- 卒(そつ)族(ぞく) (sotsuzoku)
- 同(どう)族(ぞく) (dōzoku)
- 閥(ばつ)族(ぞく) (batsuzoku)
- 蕃(ばん)族(ぞく) (banzoku)
- 蛍(ほたる)族(ぞく) (hotaruzoku)
- 魔(ま)族(ぞく) (mazoku)
- 民(みん)族(ぞく) (minzoku)
- 族(ぞく)外(がい)婚(こん) (zokugaikon)
- 族(ぞく)議(ぎ)員(いん) (zokugīn)
- 族(ぞく)内(ない)婚(こん) (zokunaikon)
- 核(かく)家(か)族(ぞく) (kakukazoku)
- 社(しゃ)用(よう)族(ぞく) (shayōzoku)
- 深(しん)夜(や)族(ぞく) (shin'yazoku)
- 大(だい)家(か)族(ぞく) (daikazoku)
- 多(た)民(みん)族(ぞく) (taminzoku)
- 転(てん)勤(きん)族(ぞく) (tenkinzoku)
- 一(ひと)家(か)族(ぞく) (hitokazoku)
- 暴(ぼう)走(そう)族(ぞく) (bōsōzoku)
- かに族(ぞく) (kanizoku)
- ながら族(ぞく), 乍(なが)ら族(ぞく) (nagarazoku)
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 族 |
| やからGrade: 3 |
| kun'yomi |
| For pronunciation and definitions of 族 – see the following entry. |
|---|
| (This term, 族, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
From Middle Chinese 族 (MC dzuwk).
Recorded as Middle Korean 쪽〮 (Yale: ccwok) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
Recorded as Middle Korean 𫞀/족〮 (cwók) (Yale: cwok) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
- hanja form? of 족 (“clan; tribe; ethnic group”)
- hanja form? of 족 (“group or class of things with common features”)
- 가족 (家族, gajok)
- 각족 (殼族, gakjok)
- 거족 (擧族, geojok)
- 귀족 (貴族, gwijok)
- 귀족원 (貴族院, gwijogwon)
- 대가족 (大家族, daegajok)
- 동족 (同族, dongjok)
- 망족 (望族, mangjok)
- 모족 (毛族, mojok)
- 목족 (睦族, mokjok)
- 묘족 (苗族, myojok)
- 민족 (民族, minjok)
- 민족주의 (民族主義, minjokjuui)
- 반족 (班族, banjok)
- 방향족 (芳香族, banghyangjok)
- 벌족 (閥族, beoljok)
- 부족 (部族, bujok)
- 수족관 (水族館, sujokgwan)
- 씨족 (氏族, ssijok)
- 어족 (語族, eojok)
- 왕족 (王族, wangjok)
- 외족 (外族, oejok)
- 유족 (遺族, yujok)
- 이민족 (異民族, iminjok)
- 족당 (族黨, jokdang)
- 족대부 (族大父, jokdaebu)
- 족류 (族類, jongnyu)
- 족보 (族譜, jokbo)
- 족속 (族屬, joksok)
- 족손 (族孫, jokson)
- 족숙 (族叔, joksuk)
- 족장 (族長, jokjang)
- 족조부 (族祖父, jokjobu)
- 족형제 (族兄弟, jokhyeongje)
- 종족 (種族, jongjok)
- 지방족 (脂肪族, jibangjok)
- 친족 (親族, chinjok)
- 핵가족 (核家族, haekgajok)
- 혈족 (血族, hyeoljok)
- 호족 (豪族, hojok)
- 황족 (皇族, hwangjok)
- 회족 (回族, hoejok)
族 (eumhun 풍류 가락 주 (pungnyu garak ju))
- (to perform music): 奏 (주 (ju))
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]
族: Hán Việt readings: tộc (昨(tạc)木(mộc)切(thiết))[1][2][3][4][5]
族: Nôm readings: tọc[3][6][4][5][7], tộc[1][2][4][7], sộc[3]