Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ainaz - Wiktionary, the free dictionary (original) (raw)

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos (“one”).[1]

IPA(key): /ˈɑi̯.nɑz/

| | 10 | | | | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | - | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | | ← 0 | 1 | 2 → | 10 → | | Cardinal: *ainaz Ordinal: *frumô, *frumistaz, *furistaz Adverbial: *ainas Multiplier: *ainafalþaz | | | |

*ainaz

(in the singular) one
(in the plural) some

Declension of *ainaz (a-stem, strong only)

Strong declension
	singular		plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*ainaz	*ainō	ainą, -at(ō)	*ainai	*ainôz	*ainō
accusative	*ainanǭ	*ainǭ	ainą, -at(ō)	*ainanz	*ainōz	*ainō
genitive	ainas, ainis	*ainaizōz	ainas, ainis	*ainaizǫ̂	*ainaizǫ̂	*ainaizǫ̂
dative	*ainammai	*ainaizōi	*ainammai	*ainaimaz	*ainaimaz	*ainaimaz
instrumental	*ainanō	*ainaizō	*ainanō	*ainaimiz	*ainaimiz	*ainaimiz

*ainaburanaz
*ainafalþaz
*ainagaz
*ainahandijaz
*ainaharduz
*ainahlaupiz
*ainanahtijaz
*aināną
*ainarēdaz
*ainaugijaz
*ainawīgiją
*nainaz
Proto-West Germanic: *ain
- Old English: ān
  * Middle English: on, oon, one, oen, oune, hon, none, an, anne, onne, an, ane, auen, aune (Northern), auen, aune (north Midland), enne, onen, onenen (Kent), en, an, ane (Early Middle English), won, von, wone (Late Middle English), oon, one, an (Northern), an, ane (Early Middle English)
  * English: one, an, a, yan (dialectal)
  * English: (Ottawa-Valley) un, on, wan
  * Geordie: yen
  * Scots: ane, wan, yin, ae
  * Yola: oan, own, ane
- Old Frisian: ēn, ān, een
  * North Frisian:
  Föhr-Amrum:
  Föhr: een m, ian f or n
  Amrum: ään m, ian f or n
  Goesharde:
  Hoolmer: åån m, iin f or n
  Hoorninger: aan m, iin f or n
  Halligen: aon m, ian f or n
  Heligoland: iaan, jaan
  Mooring: ån m, iinj f or n
  Sylt: jen
  Wiedingharde: oan m, iin f or n
  * Saterland Frisian: aan m, een f or n
  * West Frisian: ien
- Old Saxon: ēn
  * Middle Low German: ên, ein
  * Low German: ein, en
  * Low German: een
  * Westphalian:
  Lippisch: eun
  Ravensbergisch: åine
  Sauerländisch: ên
  Westmünsterländisch: een, eene, ne
  * Plautdietsch: een
- Old Dutch: ēn
  * Middle Dutch: êen
  * Dutch: een
  * Afrikaans: een, 'n
  * West Flemish: ien, jin
  * Limburgish: ein
- Old High German: ein, ain
  * Middle High German: ein
  * Alemannic German: ain, äin, a, an, en
  * Bavarian: a
  Cimbrian: a, an (“a, an”); òan, umm (“one”)
  Mòcheno: a (“a, an”); oa' (“one”)
  * Central Franconian: een, ein (Kölsch, Westerwald), ään (eastern Moselle Franconian)
  * Hunsrik: een
  * Luxembourgish: een, en
  * East Central German: ä, e
  * German: ein
  * Rhine Franconian: e (Hessian)
  * Vilamovian: an
  * Yiddish: איין (eyn), אַ (a), אַן (an)
Proto-Norse: *ᚨᛁᚾᚨᛉ (*ainaʀ)
- ⇒ Proto-Norse: *ᚨᛁᚾᚨᛚᚨᛁᛒᚨᛉ (*ainalaibaʀ)
- Old Norse: einn
  * Icelandic: einn
  * Faroese: ein
  * Norn: en
  * Norwegian Nynorsk: ein
  * Dalecarlian: jenn
  * Elfdalian: ᛁᛆᚿ (ien)
  * Old Swedish: ēn
  * Swedish: en
  * Old Danish: en, æn
  * Danish: en
  * Norwegian Bokmål: en
  * Scanian: æn, én
  * Gutnish: en, ann, h'en
Gothic: 𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃 (ains)

^ Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*aina-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 11

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