Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/burgz - Wiktionary, the free dictionary (original) (raw)
Either
- from Proto-Indo-European *bʰérǵʰs (“something high up and fortified”)
- or from Proto-Indo-European *bʰergʰ- (“to take care of, protect, preserve”),
but compare Latin arx, which goes through the meanings of *burgz and of *bergaz (stronghold, refuge, summit).
*burgz f
| consonant stemDeclension of *burgz (consonant stem) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | *burgz | *burgiz |
| vocative | *burg | *burgiz |
| accusative | *burgų | *burgunz |
| genitive | *burgiz | *burgǫ̂ |
| dative | *burgi | *burgumaz |
| instrumental | *burgē | *burgumiz |
- *bergaz
- Proto-West Germanic: *burg
- Old English: burg, burh
* Middle English: burgh
* Scots: burch, burgh
* English: borough, -borough, Brough, burg, bur-, burgh, bury (as in borough, manor), -bury
* → English: burh (learned) - Old Frisian: burch, burich
* Saterland Frisian: Buurich
* West Frisian: -boarg (in compounds) - Old Saxon: burg
* Middle Low German: borch
* German Low German: Börg, Borg - Old Dutch: burg
* Middle Dutch: borch, burch
* Dutch: burg, burcht
* Afrikaans: burg
* Limburgish: bórg, börch - Old High German: burg
* Middle High German: burc
* German: Burg
* Luxembourgish: Buerg - → Late Latin: burgus (see there for further descendants)
* →? Albanian: burg - → Old French: borc, burc
* Middle French: bourg
* French: bourg
- Old English: burg, burh
- Old Norse: borg
- Gothic: 𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃 (baurgs)