Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/weys- - Wiktionary, the free dictionary (original) (raw)

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Proto-Indo-European

[edit]

*weys-[1][2][3]

1. to raise, increase
2. to produce, procreate

• *wéys-ti (athematic root present)
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *wéištei
    * Latvian: viest (“to rear, raise, increase”)
    * Lithuanian: vei̇̃sti (“to breed, rear”)
• *wéys-dʰh₁e-ti (dʰh₁e-present)[4]
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wáyždʰHati
    * Proto-Iranian: *wáyždHati[4]
    * Avestan: 𐬬𐬋𐬌𐬲𐬛𐬀𐬝 (vōiždat̰, “to raise”)
  • ⇒ *wéysdʰ-ti ~ *wisdʰ-én-ti (athematic root present)
    * Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wáyždᶻdʰi
    * Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wáyḍḍʰi
    * Sanskrit: विड्ढि (viḍḍhí, “to labour, produce”, 2sg.imp.)
• *wis-né-s-ti ~ *wis-n̥-s-én-ti (nasal-infix)[2]
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
    * Lithuanian: vi̇̀sti (“to multiply, breed”)
• *wis-éh₁-ye-ti (stative)
  • Proto-Italic: *wizēō
    * Latin: vireō (see there for further descendants)
• *wí-weys-ti (i-reduplicated athematic root present)[3]
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wíwayšti
    * Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wíwayṣṭi
    * Sanskrit: विवेष्टि (víveṣṭi, “to labour, produce”)
• *woys-ó-s (“fruit, sprout”)
  • Proto-Albanian: *waiša
    * Albanian: vesh m (“grape, wine grape”)
• *wóys-eh₂ (“fruit, sprout”)
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *waišāˀ
    * Lithuanian: vai̇̃sius (“fruit”)
    * Old Prussian: wēisin (“fruit”, acc.sg.)
    * Proto-Slavic: *věxà (“straw bundle”)[5]
  • Proto-Germanic: *waisō (“sprout, stem”)[5]
    * Old English: wīse
    * Old Saxon: wisa
    * Middle Low German: wēse
    * Low German: Wees
    * ⇒ Old Saxon: wiska
    * Middle Low German: wische
    * Low German: Wisch
    * Old Dutch:
    * Middle Dutch: wēse; wisch
    * Old High German: wīsa
    * Middle High German: wise
    * German: Wiese
    * Old Norse: vísir
    * Norwegian: veis

1. ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “1. u̯eis-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1133
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “1.*u̯ei̯s-¹”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 671-672
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “3.*u̯ei̯s-¹”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 672
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Cheung, Johnny (2007) “*u̯aižd”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 416
5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Vladimir Orel (2003) “*waisō”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 441