tum - Wiktionary, the free dictionary (original) (raw)

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Clipping of English Tumbuka.

tum

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Tumbuka.

tum (plural tums)

  1. shortened form of tummy
    Synonym: tum-tum
    • 1918, Norman Lindsay, The Magic Pudding, Sydney: Angus and Robertson, page 18:
      For here am I without a crumb
      To satisfy a raging tum--
      O what an oversight!"
      As he was indulging in these melancholy reflexions he came round a bend in the road, and discovered two people in the very act of having lunch.
    • 1949 February 19, Charles, “My Column”, in Bristol Evening Post, number 5,224, Bristol, →OCLC, page 2, columns 2–3:
      We left the telephone, walked up two small flights of stairs, and opened the front door as, believe it or not, the car with three policemen in it was just pulling up. I mention this amazing promptitude hoping that it will be a comfort to timorous souls whose tums turn over when things go bump in the night.

Borrowed from Old Javanese tum (“to cook by warping by banana leaf then steamed”), from Proto-Mon-Khmer *t1um (“to boil, to distil”) (compare Thai ต้ม (dtôm, “to boil”), Khmer ដាំ (dam, “to boil”)).

tum (Balinese script ᬢᬸᬫ᭄)

  1. (cooking) to cook by warping by banana leaf then steamed

tum

  1. an ancient jar that is large in the middle and opening, having a black surface and no design

tum

  1. to heat; to warm
    Tum dulu lauk chelap nya
    Heat the cold dish first
  2. to host lot of people for a long period of time
    Kami kena tum bala pengabang dua hari.
    We hosted the visitor for two days

Onomatopoeic.

tum (plural **tum-tum)

  1. bang
    Synonyms: dentum, lentum

Unknown (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

tum (active mengetum, passive ditum)

  1. to wrap
    Synonym: bungkus

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

tum (plural **tum-tum)

  1. rein
    Synonym: tali kekang

Borrowed from Javanese tum (“to cook food by wrapping in banana leaves and steaming in a basket”), from Old Javanese tum.

tum (plural **tum-tum)

  1. (cooking) a packaging model by folding the right and left sides to the middle and securing them with sticks or staples, for example botok, garang asem

From Middle Irish tummid.[2]

tum (present analytic tumann, future analytic tumfaidh, verbal noun tumadh, past participle tumtha) (ambitransitive)

  1. to dip (lower into a liquid), immerse, plunge, duck, submerge
  2. to dip (treat cattle or sheep by immersion)
  3. to dive (jump into water head-first; descend)
  4. to pitch (move so that the front of the craft goes alternatively up and down)
    Synonym: bocáil

Conjugation of tum (first conjugation – A)

indicative singular plural direct relative autonomous
first second third first second third
present tumaim tumann tú; tumair† tumann sé, sí tumaimid; tumann muid tumann sibh tumann siad; tumaid† a thumann; a thumas tumtar
past thum mé; thumas thum tú; thumais thum sé, sí thumamar; thum muid thum sibh; thumabhair thum siad; thumadar a thum tumadh
past habitual thumainn /tumainn‡ thumtá /tumtᇠthumadh sé, sí /tumadh sé, sí‡ thumaimis; thumadh muid /tumaimis‡; tumadh muid‡ thumadh sibh /tumadh sibh‡ thumaidís; thumadh siad /tumaidís‡; tumadh siad‡ a thumadh thumtaí /tumtaí‡
singular plural direct relative autonomous
first second third first second third
future tumfaidh mé; tumfad tumfaidh tú; tumfair† tumfaidh sé, sí tumfaimid; tumfaidh muid tumfaidh sibh tumfaidh siad; tumfaid† a thumfaidh; a thumfas tumfar
conditional thumfainn /tumfainn‡ thumfá /tumfᇠthumfadh sé, sí /tumfadh sé, sí‡ thumfaimis; thumfadh muid /tumfaimis‡; tumfadh muid‡ thumfadh sibh /tumfadh sibh‡ thumfaidís; thumfadh siad /tumfaidís‡; tumfadh siad‡ a thumfadh thumfaí /tumfaí‡
subjunctive singular plural direct relative autonomous
first second third first second third
present go dtuma mé; go dtumad† go dtuma tú; go dtumair† go dtuma sé, sí go dtumaimid; go dtuma muid go dtuma sibh go dtuma siad; go dtumaid† — go dtumtar
past dá dtumainn dá dtumtá dá dtumadh sé, sí dá dtumaimis; dá dtumadh muid dá dtumadh sibh dá dtumaidís; dá dtumadh siad — dá dtumtaí
imperative singular plural direct relative autonomous
first second third first second third
— tumaim tum tumadh sé, sí tumaimis tumaigí; tumaidh† tumaidís — tumtar
past participle tumtha
verbal noun tumadh

† archaic or dialect form
‡ dependent form

Mutated forms of tum

radical lenition eclipsis
tum thum dtum

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

  1. ^ “tum”, in Historical Irish Corpus, 1600–1926, Royal Irish Academy
  2. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “tummaid, tu(i)mmid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  3. ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906), A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 230

tum

  1. romanization of ꦠꦸꦩ꧀

From Proto-Italic *tom, from Proto-Indo-European *tóm, accusative of *só. Cf. its feminine form Latin tam, as in tamquam. Cognate with Ancient Greek τότε (tóte).

tum (not comparable)

  1. then, thereupon
    Tum Caecilius in horto sedet.
    Then Caecilius sits in the garden.
  2. at the time, at that time
    tum primum ― for the first time, then at first
    • between 27 and 9 BC, Livy, Ab urbe condita:
      Ea tum cura maxime intentos habebat Romanos, non ab ira tantum, quae in nullam unquam ciuitatem iustior fuit, quam quod urbs tam nobilis ac potens, sicut defectione sua traxerat aliquot populos, ita recepta inclinatura rursus animos uidebatur ad ueteris imperii respectum
      This concern in particular troubled the mindful Romans at the time, not so much because of anger, which has never been more justified against any other city, rather because a city so noble and powerful, in the same way that it had attracted the support of a number of communities by its revolt, was thought would again turn attention back towards respect for the previous government once recaptured.
  3. further on
    • between 29 and 19 BC, Vergil, Aeneid, Book 1, line 164:
      […] tum silvis scaena coruscis […]
      Then**,** against a forest backdrop shimmering.

Often coupled with cum:

tum

  1. (Northern) alternative form of tome (“empty”)

From Proto-Kuki-Chin *tum.

tum

  1. to intend
    • Zalen, "Drop Doubt-in 'Khawngaihna' music video buaipui mek [Drop Doubt quite busy with 'Khawngaihna' music video]", 11 October 2025
      Drop Doubt hian tuna an buaipui mek — Khawngaihna — hi music video-a tihchhuah an tum a.
      Drop Doubt are now busy working on putting out a music video for "Khawngaihna".
  2. to try

From Old Norse *þumi, from Proto-Germanic *þūmô.

tum

  1. thumb

Unknown, probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *t1um (“to boil, to distil”) (compare Thai ต้ม (dtôm, “to boil”), Khmer ដាំ (dam, “to boil”)).

tum

  1. (cooking) to cook by warping by banana leaf then steamed

Onomatopoeic.

tum

  1. (onomatopoeia) crash (to collide with something)
    Synonym: crás

From Old Irish tummaid (“dips, plunges, immerses”).

tum (past thum, future tumaidh, verbal noun tumadh, past participle tumta)

  1. plunge, immerse, dip, duck, steep

tum

  1. romanization of 𒌈 (tum)

From Old Swedish tumme.

tum c

  1. inch (unit of length)

Can mean at least three different units: 24.74 mm (verktum) before 1855, 29.69 mm (decimaltum) between 1855 and 1889, and usually 25.4 mm (engelsk tum) today – an international inch.

tum

  1. one

From tumu, with word-final vowel deletion.

tum

  1. alternative form of tumu (“to dive, leap down from”)

tum • (𡉾)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{[rfdef](/wiki/Template:rfdef#top "Template:rfdef")}}.

Volapük numbers (edit)

| | 1,000[a], [b] | | | | | | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------- | --- | --------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | ← 10 | ← 90 | 100 | 200 → | 1,000 → [a], [b] | | | 10 | | | | | | Cardinal: tum, baltum Ordinal: tumid, baltumid | | | | |

tum

  1. hundred
    • 1932, Arie de Jong, Leerboek der Wereldtaal, page 19:
      Cils äbinons-li i pö zäl et? Si! elogob us tumis.
      Were there children at that party as well? Yes, I've seen hundreds of them there.

This word must be preceded by a numeral for a single-digit number, so "one hundred" is expressed in Volapük as "baltum."