ad- - Wiktionary, the free dictionary (original) (raw)

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Borrowed from Latin ad-. Doublet of at-.

ad-

  1. (no longer productive) Doing, enacting, forming a verb.
    accouple, admarginate, admixture, attune
  2. Near, close to, adjacent.
    adaxonal, addental, admedial
  3. Towards in direction or movement. (anatomy) Towards the midline of the body.
    adapical, adfluvial, adgerminal
  4. (no longer productive) Intensifying, additionally.
    acclaim, adsignification, adspection
  5. Along, alongside.
    admarginal, adnervular, adstratum
  6. Appending and/or prepending. Adding from either side.
    adfix, adposition, affix
  7. Modifying.
    adnominal, adverb, assoil
  8. Atop or above in position.
    adatom, adcumulate, aggrade

ad-

  1. ad-

Prefix form of ad. Also based on Latin ad-.

ad-

  1. to (indicating that to which there is movement, tendency or position, with or without arrival)
    portar (“carry, bear”) → adportar (“bring, carry (to a person or place)”)
    ube (“where”) → adube (“where to (with motion), whither”)

(forms assimilated to a following consonant, in descending order of frequency)[1]

Prefixed form of the preposition ad (“to, towards”). This prefix also appears in other Italic languages, entailing the reconstruction of Proto-Italic *ad- as a prefix.

ad-

  1. to

  2. usually prefixed to verbs, in which cases it often has the effect of intensifying the verbal action

  3. ^ Pages 170‒1 of Cser, András (2020). The phonology of Classical Latin. Transactions of the Philological Society. 118: 1–218.

ad-

  1. your (singular)

From Proto-Anatolian *h₁(é)d-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ed- (“to eat”).

ad-

  1. to eat

From Proto-Celtic *ad-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd (“near, at”). Cognates include Latin ad and English at.

ad-

  1. to, towards
  2. in many compounds, it has a purely intensive sense
  3. augment infix used instead of ro- on verbs whose first prefix is com- and the stressed syllable starts with a consonant
    ‎_con·birt_ (“you conceived”) + ‎ad- → ‎_con·abairt_ (“you have conceived”) (forms of con·beir)
    ‎_con·melt_ (“(s)he rubbed”) + ‎ad- → ‎_con·amailt_ (“(s)he had rubbed”) (forms of con·meil)
    ‎_·coscrad_ (“not destroyed”) + ‎ad- → ‎_·comscarad_ (“had not destroyed”) (past subjunctive prototonic forms of con·scara)
    ‎_con·gab_ (“it contained”) + ‎ad- → ‎_con·acab_ (“it had contained”) (forms of con·gaib)
    ‎_*·cotla_ + ‎ad- → ‎_·comthala_ (subjunctive forms of con·tuili (“to sleep”))

Mutation of ad-

radical lenition nasalization
ad-(pronounced with /h/ in _h_-prothesis environments) unchanged n-ad-

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

ad-

  1. ad- (near; at)

From Proto-Brythonic *ate-, from Proto-Celtic *ati-.[1] from Proto-Indo-European *éti.[2] Cognate with Cornish as-, English ed-, Latin et (“and”), Sanskrit अति (ati, “over-”).

ad-

  1. again, back, re-
    Synonym: ail-
    ‎ad- + ‎_llais_ (“voice”) → ‎_adlais_ (“echo”)
    ‎ad- + ‎_talu_ (“to pay”) → ‎_ad-dalu_ (“to refund”)
    ‎ad- + ‎_blas_ (“taste”) → ‎_adflas_ (“aftertaste”)

  2. affirmative prefix, emphasises prefixed word
    ‎ad- + ‎_cas_ (“hated, nasty”) → ‎_atgas_ (“hateful, detestable”)

  3. ^ Morris Jones, John (1913) A Welsh Grammar, Historical and Comparative, Oxford: Clarendon Press, § 156 i (1)

  4. ^ Morris Jones, John (1913) A Welsh Grammar, Historical and Comparative, Oxford: Clarendon Press, § 222 i (3)

Variant orthographies

ALIV ad-
Brazilian standard ad-
New Tribes ad-

ad-

  1. (Cunucunuma River dialect) Alternative form of adh-

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