ad- - Wiktionary, the free dictionary (original) (raw)

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Borrowed from Latin ad-. Doublet of at-.

ad-

1. (no longer productive) Doing, enacting, forming a verb.
   accouple, admarginate, admixture, attune
2. Near, close to, adjacent.
   adaxonal, addental, admedial
3. Towards in direction or movement. (anatomy) Towards the midline of the body.
   adapical, adfluvial, adgerminal
4. (no longer productive) Intensifying, additionally.
   acclaim, adsignification, adspection
5. Along, alongside.
   admarginal, adnervular, adstratum
6. Appending and/or prepending. Adding from either side.
   adfix, adposition, affix
7. Modifying.
   adnominal, adverb, assoil
8. Atop or above in position.
   adatom, adcumulate, aggrade

(terms derived from doing):

• accident
• acclaim
• accouple
• accrue
• acculturation
• adjust
• admarginate
• admix
• admixture
• adopt
• affix
• append
• arrest
• attrap
• attune

(terms derived from near):

• adambulacral
• adanal
• adaxial
• adaxonal
• adcloacal
• addental
• adepithelial
• adessive
• admaxillary
• admedial
• admedially
• admedian
• admesal
• adneural
• adoral
• adrectal
• adrenal
• adrostral
• adsymphysial
• appropinquity

(terms derived from towards):

• adapical
• adaxial
• adbasal
• adcauline
• adfluvial
• adfreeze
• adgerminal
• adluminal
• adluminally
• admesial

(terms derived from intensifying):

• accend
• acclaim
• adsignification
• adspection

(terms derived from along):

• admarginal
• adnervular
• adstratal
• adstratum

(terms derived from appending):

• adfix
• adposition
• affix

(terms derived from modifying):

• adnominal
• adverb
• assoil

(terms derived from atop):

• adatom

• adcumulate

• aggrade

• “ad-”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 4th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin, 2000, →ISBN.

• “ad-”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.

• D. A., D.A., DA, Da, da

ad-

1. ad-

Prefix form of ad. Also based on Latin ad-.

ad-

1. to (indicating that to which there is movement, tendency or position, with or without arrival)
   portar (“carry, bear”) → adportar (“bring, carry (to a person or place)”)
   ube (“where”) → adube (“where to (with motion), whither”)

(forms assimilated to a following consonant, in descending order of frequency)[1]

• ap-, at-, ac-
• al-, ar-
• ag-, as-, af-
  • a- (before /ɡn/ or /sC/; cf. agnoscō, astō)
• am-, an- (uncommon)
• ab- (very rare)

From the preposition ad (“to, towards”).

ad-

1. to

2. usually prefixed to verbs, in which cases it often has the effect of intensifying the verbal action

3. ^ Pages 170‒1 of Cser, András (2020). The phonology of Classical Latin. Transactions of the Philological Society. 118: 1–218.

ad-

1. your (singular)

From Proto-Celtic *ad-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd (“near, at”). Cognates include Latin ad and English at.

ad-

1. to, towards
2. in many compounds, it has a purely intensive sense
3. augment infix used instead of ro- on verbs whose first prefix is com- and the stressed syllable starts with a consonant
   ‎_con·birt_ (“you conceived”) + ‎ad- → ‎_con·abairt_ (“you have conceived”) (forms of con·beir)
   ‎_con·melt_ (“(s)he rubbed”) + ‎ad- → ‎_con·amailt_ (“(s)he had rubbed”) (forms of con·meil)
   ‎_·coscrad_ (“not destroyed”) + ‎ad- → ‎_·comscarad_ (“had not destroyed”) (past subjunctive prototonic forms of con·scara)
   ‎_con·gab_ (“it contained”) + ‎ad- → ‎_con·acab_ (“it had contained”) (forms of con·gaib)
   ‎_*·cotla_ + ‎ad- → ‎_·comthala_ (subjunctive forms of con·tuili (“to sleep”))

• ad-, when used as an augment affix, vanishes in prototonic forms due to syncope. However, its presence may be detected via the different syncope patterns between forms augmented with ad- and those that were not.
• In deuterotonic verbs where ad- is the first prefix and the next sound is /t/, the d in the prefix may be dropped in its spelling.
• Irish: a- (no longer productive)

Mutation of ad-

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “ad-”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• a-

ad-

1. ad- (near; at)

• at-

From Proto-Brythonic *ate-, from Proto-Celtic *ati-.[1] from Proto-Indo-European *éti.[2] Cognate with Cornish as-, English ed-, Latin et (“and”), Sanskrit अति (ati, “over-”).

• IPA(key): /ad/

ad-

1. again, back, re-
   Synonym: ail-
   ‎ad- + ‎_llais_ (“voice”) → ‎_adlais_ (“echo”)
   ‎ad- + ‎_talu_ (“to pay”) → ‎_ad-dalu_ (“to refund”)
   ‎ad- + ‎_blas_ (“taste”) → ‎_adflas_ (“aftertaste”)

2. affirmative prefix, emphasises prefixed word
   ‎ad- + ‎_cas_ (“hated, nasty”) → ‎_atgas_ (“hateful, detestable”)

3. ^ Morris Jones, John (1913) A Welsh Grammar, Historical and Comparative, Oxford: Clarendon Press, § 156 i (1)

4. ^ Morris Jones, John (1913) A Welsh Grammar, Historical and Comparative, Oxford: Clarendon Press, § 222 i (3)

Variant orthographies

• IPA(key): [ad-]

ad-

1. (Cunucunuma River dialect) Alternative form of adh-