addiction - Wiktionary, the free dictionary (original) (raw)

From addict +‎ -ion; compare (Latin) addictio (“an adjudging, an award”).

• IPA(key): /əˈdɪkʃən/

addiction (countable and uncountable, plural addictions)

1. (medicine) A state that is characterized by compulsive drug use or compulsive engagement in rewarding behavior, despite negative consequences.[1][2]
   • 2019, Thy Art is Murder, Chemical Christ:
     Do your lethal addictions to self-prescriptions numb the ache of the darkest days?
2. The state of being addicted; devotion; inclination.
3. A habit or practice that damages, jeopardizes or shortens one's life but when ceased causes trauma.
4. A pathological relationship to mood altering experience that has life damaging consequences.
   • 1599 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life of Henry the Fift”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i]:
     His addiction was to courses vain.

• addiction-like
• addictionlike
• addictionology
• alcohol addiction
• antiaddiction
• cyberaddiction
• deaddiction
• drug addiction
• Internet addiction disorder
• internet addiction disorder
• multiaddiction
• multi-addiction
• overaddiction
• polyaddiction
• pseudoaddiction
• readdiction

the state of being addicted

• Arabic: إِدْمَان (ar) m (ʔidmān)
• Assamese: নিচা (nisa)
• Asturian: adicción f
• Azerbaijani: aludəçilik
• Belarusian: зале́жнасць f (zaljéžnascʹ), адды́кцыя f (addýkcyja)
• Bulgarian: зави́симост (bg) f (zavísimost), пристрасте́ност (bg) f (pristrasténost)
• Catalan: addicció (ca) f
• Chinese:
  Mandarin: 成癮／成瘾 (zh) (chéngyǐn)
• Czech: závislost (cs) f, návyk (cs) m
• Danish: afhængighed (da) c
• Dutch: verslaving (nl) c, verslaafdheid (nl) c
• Esperanto: toksomanio
• Estonian: sõltuvus
• Finnish: riippuvuus (fi), addiktio (fi)
• French: dépendance (fr) f, addiction (fr) f
• Galician: adicción (gl) f
• German: Abhängigkeit (de) f, Sucht (de) f
• Greek: εξάρτηση (el) f (exártisi), εθισμός (el) m (ethismós)
• Hebrew: הִתְמַכְּרוּת (he) f (hitmak'rút)
• Hindi: व्यसन (hi) m (vyasan)
• Hungarian: függőség (hu)
• Icelandic: fíkn f
• Indonesian: adiksi (id), kecanduan (id), ketagihan (id), ketergantungan (id)
• Interlingua: dependentia
• Irish: andúil f
• Italian: dipendenza (it) f, assuefazione (it) f
• Japanese: 嗜癖 (しへき, shiheki)
• Korean: 중독(中毒) (ko) (jungdok), 탐닉(耽溺) (tamnik)
• Macedonian: зависност f (zavisnost)
• Malay: ketagihan (ms), pengagihan
• Maori: waranga, wara
• Norman: addiction f (Jersey)
• Norwegian:
  Bokmål: avhengighet (no) m or f
• Persian: اعتیاد (fa) (e'tiyâd)
• Polish: uzależnienie (pl) n
• Portuguese: vício (pt), adicção
• Romanian: adicție (ro) f, dependență (ro) f
• Russian: зави́симость (ru) f (zavísimostʹ), адди́кция (ru) f (addíkcija), пристра́стие (ru) n (pristrástije)
• Scottish Gaelic: tràillealachd f
• Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic: о̀висно̄ст f, за́висно̄ст f
  Roman: òvisnōst (sh) f, závisnōst (sh) f
• Slovak: závislosť f
• Slovene: zasvojenost f
• Spanish: adicción (es) f, vicio (es) m, dependencia (es) f
• Swedish: beroende (sv) n
• Tagalog: adiksiyon
• Turkish: bağımlılık (tr), iptila (tr)
• Ukrainian: зале́жність f (zaléžnistʹ)
• Welsh: caethiwed (cy) m
• Yiddish: אַדיקציע f (adiktsye)
• Zazaki: mubtela, fen n

a habit or practice

• Arabic: إِدْمَان (ar) m (ʔidmān)
• Azerbaijani: asılılıq (az)
• Bulgarian: на́вик (bg) m (návik)
• Chinese:
  Mandarin: 成癮／成瘾 (zh) (chéngyǐn), 癮／瘾 (zh) (yǐn), 癮頭／瘾头 (zh) (yǐntóu)
• Czech: návyk (cs) m
• Danish: mani c
• Esperanto: manio
• Finnish: riippuvuus (fi), himo (fi), addiktio (fi)
• French: dépendance (fr) f
• German: Abhängigkeit (de) f
• Greek: εξάρτηση (el) f (exártisi)
• Interlingua: dependentia
• Italian: dipendenza (it) f
• Japanese: 中毒 (ja) (ちゅうどく, chūdoku)
• Korean: 중독(中毒) (ko) (jungdok)
• Norwegian:
  Bokmål: avhengighet (no) m or f
• Polish: nałóg (pl) m, uzależnienie (pl) n
• Portuguese: adicção
• Russian: зави́симость (ru) f (zavísimostʹ), па́губная привы́чка f (págubnaja privýčka)
• Scottish Gaelic: tràillealachd f
• Spanish: adicción (es) f
• Tagalog: adiksiyon
• Turkish: düşkünlük (tr), tutku (tr)

a pathological relationship

1. ^ Angres DH, Bettinardi-Angres K (October 2008). "The disease of addiction: origins, treatment, and recovery". Dis Mon 54 (10): 696–721. doi:10.1016/j.disamonth.2008.07.002. pmid:18790142.
2. ^ Malenka RC, Nestler EJ, Hyman SE (2009). "Chapter 15: Reinforcement and Addictive Disorders". In Sydor A, Brown RY. Molecular Neuropharmacology: A Foundation for Clinical Neuroscience (2nd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill Medical. pp. 364–365, 375. →ISBN. "The defining feature of addiction is compulsive, out-of-control drug use, despite negative consequences. ...compulsive eating, shopping, gambling, and sex–so-called “natural addictions”– Indeed, addiction to both drugs and behavioral rewards may arise from similar dysregulation of the mesolimbic dopamine system."

Ultimately from Latin addictiōnem; probably through English addiction.

• IPA(key): /a.dik.sjɔ̃/

addiction f (plural addictions)

1. addiction

• addict

Borrowed from English addiction.

addiction f (plural addictions)

1. (Jersey, medicine) addiction