bulwark - Wiktionary, the free dictionary (original) (raw)
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
From Middle English bulwerk, from Middle Dutch bolwerk, bolwerc and Middle Low German bolwerk, equivalent to bole (“tree trunk”) + work. Cognate with German Bollwerk, Danish bolværk, Swedish bålverk, Dutch bolwerk. Doublet of boulevard (from French boulevard, from Dutch); cognate with Portuguese and Spanish baluarte and Italian baluardo.
- (Received Pronunciation, General Australian) IPA(key): /ˈbʊl.wək/
- (US) enPR: bo͝ol'wərk, IPA(key): /ˈbʊl.wɚk/
- (Scotland, Northern Ireland) IPA(key): /ˈbʉl.wəɹk/
bulwark (plural bulwarks)
- A defensive wall or rampart.
- c. 1587–1588 (date written), [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], 2nd edition, part 1, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, →OCLC; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire; London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act III, scene iii:
Let thouſands die, their ſlaughtered Carkaſſes
Shal ſerue for walles and bulwarkes to the reſt:
- c. 1587–1588 (date written), [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], 2nd edition, part 1, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, →OCLC; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire; London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act III, scene iii:
- A defense or safeguard.
- A breakwater.
- (nautical) The planking or plating along the sides of a nautical vessel above her gunwale that reduces the likelihood of seas washing over the gunwales and people being washed overboard.
- 1851 November 14, Herman Melville, chapter 3, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC, page 11:
Entering that gable-ended Spouter-Inn, you found yourself in a wide, low, straggling entry with old-fashioned wainscots, reminding one of the bulwarks of some condemned old craft.
- 1851 November 14, Herman Melville, chapter 3, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC, page 11:
- (figurative) Any means of defence or security.
The party stalwarts constitute the bulwark that ensures the president's term of office.- 2024 December 12, Eric Cortellessa, “Donald Trump 2024 TIME Person of the Year”, in Time[1], archived from the original on 22 December 2024:
Willing to upend the nation’s postwar role as a bulwark against authoritarianism, he promises to usher in a foreign policy rooted in “America First” transactionalism.
- 2024 December 12, Eric Cortellessa, “Donald Trump 2024 TIME Person of the Year”, in Time[1], archived from the original on 22 December 2024:
defensive wall or rampart
- Arabic: حِصْن (ar) m (ḥiṣn)
- Armenian: հողապատնեշ (hy) (hoġapatneš), բաստիոն (hy) (bastion)
- Bulgarian: реду́т m (redút), бастио́н m (bastión)
- Catalan: baluard m
- Chinese:
Mandarin: please add this translation if you can - Czech: val (cs) m
- Danish: bolværk (da) n
- Dutch: bolwerk (nl) n
- Esperanto: remparo
- Estonian: kaitsevall
- Finnish: suojamuuri, suojavalli
- French: rempart (fr) m
- German: Bollwerk (de) n
- Gothic: 𐍄𐌿𐌻𐌲𐌹𐌸𐌰 f (tulgiþa)
- Hungarian: bástya (hu), védfal (hu), védőfal (hu)
- Icelandic: bolvirki n, bolverk n
- Ido: remparo (io)
- Irish: bábhún m
- Italian: baluardo (it) m
- Japanese: 堡塁 (ja) (hourui)
- Khmer: កំពែង (km) (kɑmpɛɛng)
- Kurdish:
Central Kurdish: سەنگەر (senger) - Latin: agger (la) m
- Macedonian: бе́дем m (bédem), на́сип m (násip), бастио́н m (bastión)
- Māori: papatū, pākai
- Norwegian: bolverk n
- Old Norse: bolvirki n
- Persian: بارو (fa) (bâru)
- Polish: wał (pl) m, szaniec (pl) m
- Portuguese: baluarte (pt) m
- Russian: вал (ru) m (val), бастио́н (ru) m (bastión), реду́т (ru) m (redút)
- Scottish Gaelic: bàbhan m, mùr m
- Serbo-Croatian: grudobran (sh) m, branik (sh) m, bastion (sh) m, bedem (sh)
- Slovene: branik m
- Spanish: baluarte (es) m
- Swedish: bålverk (sv) n
- Turkish:
Ottoman Turkish: قلعه دیواری (kalʼe duvarı) حصار (hisar) - Ukrainian: вал (uk) m (val), бастіон (uk) m (bastion)
- Yiddish: וואַל m (val)
defense or safeguard
- Arabic: please add this translation if you can
- Armenian: պատվար (hy) (patvar), պաշտպանություն (hy) (paštpanutʻyun)
- Bulgarian: опо́ра (bg) f (opóra), защи́та (bg) f (zaštíta)
- Catalan: baluard m
- Chinese:
Mandarin: please add this translation if you can - Czech: záštita (cs) f
- Danish: bolværk (da) n
- Dutch: verschansing (nl) f, schans (nl) m or f
- Finnish: suojamuuri
- French: bastion (fr) m, rempart (fr) m
- German: Bollwerk (de) n
- Hungarian: védelem (hu)
- Japanese: 藩屛 (hanpei)
- Khmer: ការការពារ (km) (kaa kaa pie)
- Kurdish:
Central Kurdish: سەنگەر (senger) - Latin: arx (la) f
- Macedonian: за́штита (mk) f (záštita), о́дбрана (mk) f (ódbrana)
- Persian: سنگر (fa) (sangar)
- Portuguese: baluarte (pt) m
- Russian: опло́т (ru) m (oplót), защи́та (ru) f (zaščíta), опо́ра (ru) f (opóra)
- Spanish: baluarte (es) m
- Ukrainian: опора f (opora), оплот m (oplot), захист (uk) m (zaxyst)
bulwark (third-person singular simple present bulwarks, present participle bulwarking, simple past and past participle bulwarked)
- (transitive) To fortify something with a wall or rampart.
- (transitive) To provide protection of defense for something.