ceiling - Wiktionary, the free dictionary (original) (raw)
From Middle English celing (“paneling; (bed) cover or hanging”), from celen (“to cover or panel walls”) (from Old French celer (“to conceal”)) + -ing (gerund-forming suffix). By surface analysis, ceil + -ing.
Ceiling with lights
ceiling (plural ceilings)
- The overhead closure of a room.
The dining room had an ornate ceiling. - The upper limit of an object or action.
- 2008, N. Gregory Mankiw, Principles of Economics, volume 1, page 114:
Market forces naturally move the economy to the equilibrium, and the price ceiling has no effect on the price or the quantity sold.
- 2008, N. Gregory Mankiw, Principles of Economics, volume 1, page 114:
- (aviation) The highest altitude at which an aircraft can safely maintain flight.
- (meteorology) The measurement of visible distance from ground or sea level to an overcast cloud cover; under a clear sky, the ceiling measurement is identified as "unlimited."
Even though it was cloudy, there was still enough ceiling for the Blue Angels to perform a great show. - (mathematics) The smallest integer greater than or equal to a given number.
The ceiling of 4.5 is 5; the ceiling of −4.5 is −4. - (nautical) The inner planking of a vessel.
- (finance) The maximum permitted level in a financial transaction.
- (architecture) The overhead interior surface that covers the upper limits of a room.
upper limit of room
- Afrikaans: plafon
- Albanian: tavan (sq) m, lëpozë (sq) f
- Arabic: سَقْف m (saqf)
Egyptian Arabic: سقف m (saʔf)
Hijazi Arabic: سَقْف m (sagf) - Armenian: առաստաղ (hy) (aṙastaġ), (rare) առիք (hy) (aṙikʻ)
Old Armenian: ձեղուն (jełun) - Azerbaijani: tavan (az)
- Bashkir: түшәм (tüşəm); (Eastern) һайғаҡ (hayğaq), түпә (tüpə), түбәтаҡта (tübətaqta)
- Basque: sabai (eu)
- Belarusian: столь m (stolʹ)
- Bengali: ছাদ (bn) (chad)
- Brunei Malay: siling
- Bulgarian: тава́н (bg) m (taván)
- Burmese: မျက်နှာကြက် (my) (myakhna-krak)
- Catalan: sostre (ca) m
- Cherokee: ᎠᏯᎦᏢ (ayagatlv)
- Chinese:
Cantonese: 天花板 (tin1 faa1 baan2)
Hokkien: 天篷 (zh-min-nan) (thian-pông)
Mandarin: 天花板 (zh) (tiānhuābǎn), 天棚 (zh) (tiānpéng) - Chuvash: путалӑх (put̬alăh)
- Cornish: nen
- Crimean Tatar: tavan
- Czech: strop (cs) m
- Danish: loft (da) n
- Dutch: plafond (nl) n, zoldering (nl) f
- Esperanto: plafono
- Estonian: lagi (et)
- Faroese: loft n
- Finnish: katto (fi), sisäkatto (fi), laipio (fi)
- French: plafond (fr) m
- Galician: teito (gl) m, ceo (gl) m
- Georgian: ჭერი (ka) (č̣eri)
- German: Decke (de) f
- Greek: οροφή (el) f (orofí), ταβάνι (el) n (taváni)
Ancient: ὀροφή f (orophḗ) - Gujarati: છત (gu) (chat)
- Haitian Creole: plafon
- Hausa: silin
- Hebrew: תִּקְרָה (he) f (tik'ráh)
- Hindi: छत (hi) f (chat)
- Hungarian: mennyezet (hu), plafon (hu)
- Icelandic: loft (is) n
- Ido: plafono (io)
- Indonesian: langit-langit (id), plafon (id)
- Ingrian: laki
- Irish: síleáil f
- Italian: soffitto (it) m
- Japanese: 天井 (ja) (てんじょう, tenjō)
- Kazakh: төбе (töbe), шек (şek)
- Khmer: ពិតាន (km) (pitaan)
- Korean: 천장(天障) (ko) (cheonjang)
- Kurdish:
Northern Kurdish: kaşxank (ku), seqf (ku), arîk (ku) - Kyrgyz: потолок (potolok), шып (ky) (şıp)
- Ladino: taván, techo
- Lao: ເພດານ (lo) (phē dān), ພິດານ (phi dān), ປະຕຸລາ (pa tu lā)
- Latgalian: grīsti, viersejuo greida
- Latin: lacunar n
- Latvian: griesti
- Lithuanian: lubos f pl
- Macedonian: таван (mk) m (tavan)
- Malay: siling (ms)
- Malayalam: please add this translation if you can
- Maltese: saqaf m
- Marathi: छत (chat)
- Mongolian:
Cyrillic: тааз (mn) (taaz), адар (mn) (adar) - Northern Sami: rohpi
- Norwegian:
Bokmål: himling m or f, tak (no) n, loft (no) n - Occitan: plafon (oc) m
- Odia: ଛାତ (or) (chāta)
- Pashto: سقف (saqf)
- Persian:
Dari: سَقْف (fa) (saqf)
Iranian Persian: سَقْف (fa) (sağf) - Phoenician: 𐤌𐤎𐤐𐤍𐤕 f (mspnt)
- Plautdietsch: Bän m
- Polish: sufit (pl) m, strop (pl) m
- Portuguese: teto (pt) m
- Romanian: plafon (ro) n, tavan (ro) n
- Russian: потоло́к (ru) m (potolók)
- Scottish Gaelic: mullach m
- Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: пла̀фо̄н m, стро̏п m
Roman: plàfōn (sh) m, strȍp (sh) m - Slovak: strop m
- Slovene: strop (sl) m
- Sorbian:
Lower Sorbian: wjerch m - Spanish: techo (es) m, cielorraso m (mostly Latin America), cielo raso m, plafón (es) m (Puerto Rico)
- Swahili: dari (sw)
- Swedish: tak (sv), innertak (sv) n
- Tagalog: kisame
- Tajik: шифт (šift), сақф (saqf)
- Tatar: түшәм (tt) (tüşäm)
- Telugu: లోకప్పు (te) (lōkappu)
- Thai: เพดาน (th) (pee-daan)
- Turkish: tavan (tr)
- Turkmen: potolok
- Ukrainian: сте́ля f (stélja)
- Urdu: چَھت f (chat), سَقْف f (saqf)
- Uyghur: تورۇس (torus), شىپ (ship)
- Uzbek: shift (uz), potolok
- Vietnamese: trần (vi), trần nhà
- Volapük: nufed (vo)
- Walloon: plafon (wa) m
- Welsh: nenfwd m, nenfydau pl
- Yiddish: סופֿיט (yi) m (sufit), סטעליע f (stelye)
altitude
- Bulgarian: тава́н (bg) m (taván)
- Finnish: lakikorkeus (fi)
- Greek: υψόμετρο (el) n (ypsómetro)
- Khmer: ពិតាន (km) (pitaan)
- Polish: pułap (pl) m
- Portuguese: teto (pt) m
- Russian: потоло́к (ru) m (potolók)
- Spanish: techo (es) m
smallest integer
- Czech: horní celá část f
- Finnish: ylös pyöristetty luku
- French: partie entière par excès (fr) f
- Japanese: 天井関数 (tenjō kansū)
- Norwegian: tak (no) n
- Polish: sufit (pl) m
- Russian: потоло́к (ru) m (potolók)
- Swedish: tak (sv) n
inner planking of a vessel
ceiling
- present participle and gerund of ceil